Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Desalination Handbook provides professionals and researchers with the latest treatment activities in the advancement of desalination technology. The book enables municipalities and private companies to custom-design sustainable desalination plants that will minimize discharge, energy costs and environmental footprint. Individual case studies are included to illustrate the benefits and drawback of each technique. Sections discuss a multitude of recently developed, advanced processes, along with notable advances made in existing technologies. These processes include adsorption, forward osmosis, humidification and dehumidification, membrane distillation, pervaporation and spray type thermal processes. In addition, theoretical membrane materials, such as nanocomposite and carbon nanotube membranes are also explored. Other chapters cover the desalination of shale gas, produced water, forward osmosis for agriculture, desalination for crop irrigation, and seawater for sustainable agriculture. International in its coverage, the chapters of this handbook are contributed by leading authors and researchers in all relevant fields.

Sustainable Desalination Handbook: Plant Selection, Design and Implementation provides the comprehensive knowledge base required for efficient and sustainable process design for existing and new desalination plants around the world. This valuable resource for understanding and utilizing the most recent developments in desalination technologies and methods addresses the necessary components, including process design and implementation, operational strategies, and novel discoveries that minimize environmental impacts. In addition, the book features essential illustrations, operational details, issues and potential solutions and sustainable management strategies for present and future desalination plants.

"Membrane Technology and Engineering for Water Purification, Second Edition" is written in a practical style, covering process description; key unit operations; system design and costs; plant equipment description; equipment installation; safety and maintenance; process control; plant start-up; operation and troubleshooting. It is supplemented by case studies and engineering rules-of-thumb. The author is a chemical engineer with more than 30 years' experience in the field; his technical knowledge and practical know-how in the water purification industry are summarized succinctly in this new edition.

This book will guide you in selecting membranes to use in water purification, explaining why, where, and when to use them; help you to trouble-shoot and improve performance; and provide case studies to assist understanding through real-life situations.
Membrane Technology section updated to include forward osmosis, electrodialysis, and diffusion dialysisHybrid Membrane Systems expanded remit now covers zero liquid discharge, salt recovery, and removal of trace contaminantsIncludes a new section on plant design, energy, and economics

The formation, control, and health effects of DBPs in drinking water are issues of international concern because of the health effects (e.g., bladder cancer and potential adverse reproductive-development impacts) associated with exposure to certain DBPs. As a result, many countries, as well as the World Health Organization, have regulations and/or guidelines on acceptable concentrations of DBPs in water. In recent years, DBP research worldwide has focused on determining the possible adverse health effects of emerging, yet unregulated, DBPs, specifically halogenated (e.g., iodinated) and non-halogenated nitrogenous (e.g., nitrosamines) DBPs. The breadth of DBP research is very broad from source waters (e.g., wastewater, wildfire, seawater intrusion influences) to treatment strategies and technologies, followed by distribution system and point of entry issues (e.g., biofilms, heating, swimming pools), as well as health effects and analytical method developments. Recent research is helping to understand factors controlling formation and to develop a cost-effective control of a wide range of regulated and emerging DBPs. Furthermore, the pace of research on emerging DBP toxicity has increased and generated diverse findings, with comparative toxicity and the molecular mechanisms leading to improved understanding of their toxicity pathways and potential adverse biological effects. This book represents the latest research efforts to understanding these important DBP-related issues. The authors of the chapters in this book are a multidisciplinary group of scientists and engineers, who are conducting studies in many parts of the world. The chapters in this book address both regulated and emerging DBPs and are organized under the sections on DBP toxicology and health effects, modeling of DBP formation, precursors and reactions involving nitrosamines, and formation of halogenated DBPs. This book will be of interest to researchers, drinking water utility scientists and engineers, toxicologists, epidemiologists, and regulators interested in the formation and control of and exposure to DBPs.

Industry and commerce use vast amounts of water and in some parts of the world water is becoming a scarce commodity. We need to take more care in our future use of water, and this book is a 'best practice' manual for industrial and commercial users world-wide. It offers a practical account of the measures which can be taken to re-educate industrial and commercial users in the techniques of water saving and re-use anywhere in the world. The principles are covered in detail and supported by examples from specific industries and commercial operations. Author Mohan Seneviratne is Manager of Sydney Water's 'Every Drop Counts Business Program', which won the prestigious 2006 Stockholm Industry Water Award in recognition of how the utility is working in partnership with business, industry and government to help ensure the long-term sustainability of Sydney s water supply.
* The first book to cover water conservation for industrial users from processing plants to pubs and clubs
* Provides practical advice on implementing water conservation for users in various industry sectors
* Written by a practicing water conservation consultant"

In this volume, the third in a set specifically written for the industrial process and chemical engineer, the authors provide the detailed information on filtration equipment and media which allows the reader to then consider the pre-treatment of suspensions, selection of the most appropriate equipment for the task, data analysis and the subsequent design of the processes involved for particular separations.
The result is a comprehensive book which is designed to be used frequently and referred to regularly in order to achieve better industrial separations.
Successful industrial-scale separation of solids from liquids requires not only a thorough understanding of the principles involved, but also an appreciation of which equipment to use for best effect, and a start-to-finish plan for the various processes involved in the operation. If these factors are all correct, then successful separations should result.
*Part of 3-volume set
*Unique approach to industrial separations
*Internationally-known authors

Industrial desalination of sea and brackish water is becoming an essential part in providing sustainable sources of fresh water for a larger number of communities around the world. Desalination is a main source of fresh water in the Gulf countries, a number of the Caribbean and Mediterranean Islands, and several municipalities in a large number of countries. As the industry expands there is a pressing need to have a clear and well-written textbook that focuses on desalination fundamentals and other industrial aspects.
This book focuses on the processes widely used in industry, which include multistage flash desalination and reverse osmosis. Also, other desalination processes with attractive features and high potential are featured.
It includes a large number of solved examples, which are explained in simple and careful matter that allow the reader to follow and understand the development. The data used in the development of the examples and case studies are extracted from existing desalination plants.
This title also includes comparisons of model predictions against results reported in literature as well as available experimental and industrial data. Several industries include similar unit operation processes, i.e., evaporators, condensers, flashing units, membrane separation, and chemical treatment. Examples of such industries include wastewater treatment, food, petroleum, petrochemical, power generation, and pulp and paper. Process fundamentals and design procedures of such unit processes follow the same procedures given in this textbook.

We are becoming increasingly aware of the overwhelming pollution of our limited water resources on this planet. And while many contaminants originate from Mother Earth, most water pollution comes as a direct result of anthropogenic activities. This problem has become so immense that it threatens the future of all humanity. If effective measures to reduce and/or remediate water pollution and its sources are not found, it is estimated by UN that 2.7 billion people will face water shortage by 2025 as opposed to 1.2 billion people who do not have access to clean drinking water now. Therefore, development of novel green technologies to address this major problem represents a priority of the highest importance. This book discusses green chemistry and other novel solutions to the water pollution problems which includes some interesting applications of nanoparticles. Novel Solutions to Water Pollution is a useful and informative text for those engaged in issues of water quality and water pollution remediation at operational, administrative, academic, or regulatory levels.

Providing an extensive comparative and international study of water innovations and the issues that arise in their implementation, David Lewis Feldman analyses the technical, economic, health and environmental impacts of water innovations and their policy implications. Discussing desalination, rainwater harvesting, wastewater reuse, and demand-side innovations as well as emerging cyber-infrastructure issues, The Governance of Water Innovations analyses the historical and contemporary challenges involved in water innovations. With a global reach, exploring water innovations across The Americas, Asia, Australia and Europe, chapters consider potential areas of contention involving land use, aesthetics, recreational impacts, user costs, and environmental quality. Illuminating the importance of these challenges and determining the most effective and equitable ways of meeting them, Feldman advises how innovations should be deployed, governed and implemented democratically in ways that harbour public acceptance, trust, and engagement for a water resilient future. A comprehensive study of the governance of water innovations, this book will prove invaluable to students and scholars of public policy, environmental and water studies and geopolitics. With its pioneering analysis of adaptive governance, it will also prove an essential reference guide to practitioners, professionals and policymakers working in water governance and management, including water agency officials and water resource legislators.

Water is the most crucial material for human survival, after air. Without water, life would not be possible. It is important to know how much water is available to us and how much water is polluted. We need to monitor pollutants vigorously, both at point and nonpoint sources, using advanced analytical techniques that can monitor ultra-trace amounts of contaminants. Water reclamation is an absolute necessity today because we have contaminated our surface water, and even groundwater in some cases, to a point that it is not clean enough for drinking or cooking. Most importantly, water must be used judiciously, and equal treatment must be paid to the reclamation and treatment of contaminated water. This book provides information on various global water challenges and solutions. We face many water challenges in terms of availability, quality, and sustainability (Chapter 1). There is an urgent need to find ways to make water more sustainable. To achieve this objective, we will have to address scientific, technical, economic, and social issues.

Economic issues arise in almost every water policy context. Water is of most concern when scarce, but physical scarcity is often overcome as human beings move water from place to place, sometimes creating monumental structures. The roles that cost and economic value play in water resource allocation are implicit, but often poorly understood. This second edition clarifies the role of economics and offers material that can be applied to water resource allocation problems around the world. Topics covered include: groundwater, floods and droughts, in situ uses of water, and institutions and law. New to the book is an exploration of water issues outside the United States as well as a new application of behavioral and experimental economics to the topic. A concise introduction to issues of water quality and quantity in both urban and agricultural settings, Water Resource Economics and Policy will be a valuable resource or text for students and researchers in the fields of agricultural economics, geography, law, and hydrology. Those involved in water resource agencies and private utilities will also find the book a useful reference. Acclaim for the first edition: 'This textbook is written for first-year graduate students and senior level undergraduates in economics. ... Graduate students in geography, water resources, and environmental management should also be interested. The well-done helpful diagrams and charts are those expected for a textbook in economics at this level. In every chapter many interesting real-world examples illustrate the concept being discussed. Some chapters have easy-to-read case studies set off from the text. ... I plan on keeping this excellent book as a shelf reference and would willingly adopt it for a class in water resource economics.' - Donald E. Agthe, Journal of the American Water Resources Association 'This is a much-needed book, which introduces the interested reader to the economics of water resource allocation, and analyzes relevant policy issues derived from all over the world. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first book which is focused on communicating the basic economic concepts that govern water resources allocation. ... The lively writing style of W. Douglass Shaw, which is enriched with excellent examples and case studies from various countries, makes this book an obvious choice for a textbook in relevant courses ... this excellent book should be a compulsory reading for all of us who work in the field of water resources management.' - Phoebe Koundouri, Ecological Economics

Elgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. Advanced Introduction to Water Economics and Policy highlights various aspects of economic and policy considerations as they are applied to water decision-making and evaluation in a comprehensive and clear manner. Key Features: Presents example-based simplified descriptions of water problems and economic principles used to address them Provides examples from different countries and analysis of main water-using sectors Highlights emerging topics in water economics that address water scarcity and discusses economic and policy aspects related to the management of water at local, regional and international scales Researchers and students will appreciate the comprehensive, straightforward presentation of critical information in this Advanced Introduction that does not get lost in technical jargon.

Economic issues arise in almost every water policy context. Water is of most concern when scarce, but physical scarcity is often overcome as human beings move water from place to place, sometimes creating monumental structures. The roles that cost and economic value play in water resource allocation are implicit, but often poorly understood. This second edition clarifies the role of economics and offers material that can be applied to water resource allocation problems around the world. Topics covered include: groundwater, floods and droughts, in situ uses of water, and institutions and law. New to the book is an exploration of water issues outside the United States as well as a new application of behavioral and experimental economics to the topic. A concise introduction to issues of water quality and quantity in both urban and agricultural settings, Water Resource Economics and Policy will be a valuable resource or text for students and researchers in the fields of agricultural economics, geography, law, and hydrology. Those involved in water resource agencies and private utilities will also find the book a useful reference. Acclaim for the first edition: 'This textbook is written for first-year graduate students and senior level undergraduates in economics. ... Graduate students in geography, water resources, and environmental management should also be interested. The well-done helpful diagrams and charts are those expected for a textbook in economics at this level. In every chapter many interesting real-world examples illustrate the concept being discussed. Some chapters have easy-to-read case studies set off from the text. ... I plan on keeping this excellent book as a shelf reference and would willingly adopt it for a class in water resource economics.' - Donald E. Agthe, Journal of the American Water Resources Association 'This is a much-needed book, which introduces the interested reader to the economics of water resource allocation, and analyzes relevant policy issues derived from all over the world. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first book which is focused on communicating the basic economic concepts that govern water resources allocation. ... The lively writing style of W. Douglass Shaw, which is enriched with excellent examples and case studies from various countries, makes this book an obvious choice for a textbook in relevant courses ... this excellent book should be a compulsory reading for all of us who work in the field of water resources management.' - Phoebe Koundouri, Ecological Economics

Elgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. Advanced Introduction to Water Economics and Policy highlights various aspects of economic and policy considerations as they are applied to water decision-making and evaluation in a comprehensive and clear manner. Key Features: Presents example-based simplified descriptions of water problems and economic principles used to address them Provides examples from different countries and analysis of main water-using sectors Highlights emerging topics in water economics that address water scarcity and discusses economic and policy aspects related to the management of water at local, regional and international scales Researchers and students will appreciate the comprehensive, straightforward presentation of critical information in this Advanced Introduction that does not get lost in technical jargon.

Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes: Recent Achievements for Ion-Exchange Membranes focuses on introducing and analyzing ion-exchange membranes performance and overviewing recent achievements in the structural development of ion-exchange membranes in various applications. Hence, this book is a key reference text for R&D managers in who are interested in the development of ion-exchange membrane technologies as well as academic researchers and postgraduate students working in the wider area of strategic treatments, separation and purification processes.

Green Membrane Technology Towards Environmental Sustainability covers experimental and theoretical aspects of greener membranes and processes. The book fills the gap in current literature and offers a platform that introduces and discusses new routes in fabricating green membranes and processes for developing green membranes. Although membranes and membrane processes have decades of history, rapid development in membranes manufacturing and emerging membrane driven markets is requiring new and more sustainable engagement of manufacturers, membrane operators and scientists. This book is written for chemical and polymer engineers, materials scientists, professors, graduate students, as well as general readers at universities, research institutions and R&D departments in industries who are engaged in sustainable engineering and practical strategies in circular economy.

Part 5 of the 5-part Principles and Practices of Water Supply Operations (WSO), this text provides a practical education in mathematics, hydraulics, chemistry, and electricity. Hundreds of problems and examples are included to relate these sciences specifically to municipal water supply operations. This book is referenced in the four other textbooks in the series. It is a required text when used with other WSO series texts, but may be used alone as a basic science text. Designed for self study or classroom use, the Fourth Edition provides many new problems and examples. Includes glossary, index, conversion tables, periodic table of the elements, and color plates.

Sustainable Technologies for Remediation of Emerging Pollutants from Aqueous Environment compiles and collates advanced technologies for the purification of water and wastewater. The book covers the biological purification of wastewater, the use of adsorbents for decontamination of water, the role of membrane technology and its composites for removing emerging pollutants, and applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for removal of emerging pollutants. This resource provides a single source solution to academicians and young researchers by assembling the latest information on the application of the conventional and non-conventional in water and wastewater purification.

Water Resources Management for Rural Development: Challenges and Mitigation provides an overview of the current challenges of rural water and its management strategies. The content contains practical and theoretical aspects of the water crisis in rural areas in a changing climate era, with an emphasis on recent water crisis research and management strategies. The book's structure contains fundamentals of water resources, pollution, remediation, supply and management strategies. Case studies included provide different water-related issues around the globe, introducing the reader to the paths of reducing the burden on the groundwater and the alternative options for the supply of water in rural areas. Decision-makers and water supply authorities will benefit from this unique resource that comprehensively covers rural water management in ways no comparable book has achieved.

Tapping the Oceans provides a detailed analysis of the political and ecological debates facing water desalination in the twenty-first century. Water supplies for cities around the world are undergoing profound geographical, technological and political transformations. Increasingly, water-stressed cities are looking to the oceans to fix unreliable, contested and over-burdened water supply systems. Yet the use of emerging desalination technologies is accompanied by intense debates on their economic cost, governance, environmental impact and poses wider questions for the sustainable and just provision of urban water. Through a series of cutting-edge case studies and multi-subject approaches, this book explores the perspectives, disputes and politics surrounding water desalination on a broad geographical scale. As the first book of its kind, this unique work will appeal to those researching water and infrastructure issues in the fields of political ecology, geography, environmental science and sustainability. Industry and water managers who wish to understand the political debates around desalination technology more fully will also find this an informative read. Contributors include: E. Feitelson, M. Fragkou, S. Gorostiza, A. Loftus, H. March, J. McEvoy, D. Pavon Gamero, D. Sauri, A. Scheba, S. Scheba, E. Swyngedouw, M. Usher, J. Williams

Advanced Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: Oily Wastewaters focuses on characteristics and innovative treatment technologies of oily wastewater from various resources. Primary and physical treatment methods such as absorption, adsorption, followed by common techniques like coagulation and fluctuation are discussed in detail. Applications of other advanced methods for the treatment of oily wastewaters like utilization of membranes and stripping gases are covered as well. Finally, novel technologies applied in purification of oily wastewaters such as photocatalytic degradation and biological processes are reviewed and future outlooks and prospects are also illustrated.

Classic Soft-Computing Techniques is the first volume of the three, in the Handbook of HydroInformatics series. Through this comprehensive, 34-chapters work, the contributors explore the difference between traditional computing, also known as hard computing, and soft computing, which is based on the importance given to issues like precision, certainty and rigor. The chapters go on to define fundamentally classic soft-computing techniques such as Artificial Neural Network, Fuzzy Logic, Genetic Algorithm, Supporting Vector Machine, Ant-Colony Based Simulation, Bat Algorithm, Decision Tree Algorithm, Firefly Algorithm, Fish Habitat Analysis, Game Theory, Hybrid Cuckoo-Harmony Search Algorithm, Honey-Bee Mating Optimization, Imperialist Competitive Algorithm, Relevance Vector Machine, etc.It is a fully comprehensive handbook providing all the information needed around classic soft-computing techniques. This volume is a true interdisciplinary work, and the audience includes postgraduates and early career researchers interested in Computer Science, Mathematical Science, Applied Science, Earth and Geoscience, Geography, Civil Engineering, Engineering, Water Science, Atmospheric Science, Social Science, Environment Science, Natural Resources, and Chemical Engineering.

Advanced Machine Learning Techniques includes the theoretical foundations of modern machine learning, as well as advanced methods and frameworks used in modern machine learning. Handbook of HydroInformatics, Volume II: Advanced Machine Learning Techniques presents both the art of designing good learning algorithms, as well as the science of analyzing an algorithm's computational and statistical properties and performance guarantees. The global contributors cover theoretical foundational topics such as computational and statistical convergence rates, minimax estimation, and concentration of measure as well as advanced machine learning methods, such as nonparametric density estimation, nonparametric regression, and Bayesian estimation; additionally, advanced frameworks such as privacy, causality, and stochastic learning algorithms are also included. Lastly, the volume presents Cloud and Cluster Computing, Data Fusion Techniques, Empirical Orthogonal Functions and Teleconnection, Internet of Things, Kernel-Based Modeling, Large Eddy Simulation, Patter Recognition, Uncertainty-Based Resiliency Evaluation, and Volume-Based Inverse Mode. This is an interdisciplinary book, and the audience includes postgraduates and early-career researchers interested in: Computer Science, Mathematical Science, Applied Science, Earth and Geoscience, Geography, Civil Engineering, Engineering, Water Science, Atmospheric Science, Social Science, Environment Science, Natural Resources, Chemical Engineering.

Wastewaters generated from food production and agricultural activities are a source of environmental pollution due to their huge amount of nutrients, organic carbon, nitrogenous organics, inorganics, suspended and dissolved solids, and high biochemical and chemical oxygen demands. Advanced Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: Food Processing Industry provides an update on emerging technologies including oxidative and anaerobic processes (flotation, coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, adsorption, primary settling, secondary activated sludge, anaerobic digestion), ion exchange, membrane-based operations, adsorption/bio-sorption and advanced biological treatment to provide safe and clean water as well as to recover primary resources from food processing wastewaters. In addition, the integration of these technologies will be also considered in the logic of the process intensification strategy. Innovative and affordable solutions are proposed in the field of fruit and vegetable processing industry, fishing industry, meat and poultry industry, dairy production, oil and fat processing.