Brazilian born, French educated, Alberto Santos-Dumont was probably
one of only a few aviation pioneers who could claim significant
accomplishments in both lighter-than-air and heavier-than-air
flying machines. He was the first man to succeed, not once but time
after time, in leaving the ground, flying through the air to a
place of his own choosing, and landing safely. Around the turn of
the century he was the most prominent of all the early aviators,
and his balloons, dirigibles and (later in his career)
heavier-than-air craft were frequently to be seen in the air around
his beloved city of Paris. His early experiments were in dirigible
airships of his own design. After many failures, he built a
dirigible that in 1901 won the Deutsch Prize, as well as a prize
from the Brazilian government, for being the first to fly in a
given time from Saint-Cloud to the Eiffel Tower and return.He wrote
My Airships when he was 30 years old, in 1904. In it he tells of
his childhood in Brazil, his early fascination with machinery and
passion for the novels of Jules Verne, his early success in France
as an enthusiastic automobilist, his first balloon ascent in 1893,
his famous balloon Brazil, and the joys and trials of his first ten
dirigibles (1898-1904). Referring to himself as "inventor, patron,
manufacturer, amateur, mechanician and airship captain all united,
" he describes numerous hair-raising scrapes with death while
navigating the air.Santos' reputation as an airplane designer was
solidified by a machine he produced in 1909. The famous
"Demoiselle" or "Grasshopper" monoplane, was the forerunner of the
modern light plane. Santos eventually returned to Brazil where,
depressed over the use ofaircraft in war, he committed suicide.
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