Between 1914 and 1918, the Western Front passed through some of
Europe's most populated and industrialised regions. Large towns
including Nancy, Reims, Arras, and Lens lay at the heart of the
battlefield. Their civilian inhabitants endured artillery
bombardment, military occupation, and material hardship. Many fled
for the safety of the French interior, but others lived under fire
for much of the war, ensuring the Western Front remained a joint
civil-military space. Communities under Fire explores the wartime
experiences of civilians on both sides of the Western Front, and
uncovers how urban communities responded to the dramatic impact of
industrialized war. It discusses how war shaped civilians' personal
and collective identities, and explores how the experiences of
military violence, occupation, and forced displacement structured
the attitudes of civilians at the front towards the rest of the
nation. Drawing on a vast array of archival sources, letters,
diaries, and newspapers in English, French, and German, it reveals
the history of the Western Front from the perspective of its
civilian inhabitants. From Leningrad to Warsaw, Hamburg, and, more
recently, Sarajevo and Donetsk, urban violence has remained a
feature of warfare in Europe, turning cities into battlefields. On
each occasion, civilian populations were at the heart of military
operations, and forced to adapt to life in a warzone. This was also
the case between 1914 and 1918, despite the myth that the First
World War was predominantly a soldiers' war. The civilian
inhabitants of the Western Front were among the first to suffer the
full impact of modern, industrialized war in an urban setting.
Communities under Fire explains the multiple ways by which these
urban residents responded to, were changed by, succumbed to, or
survived the enormous pressures of life in a warzone.
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