Maurice Potron (1872-1942), a French Jesuit mathematician,
constructed and analyzed a highly original, but virtually unknown
economic model. This book presents translated versions of all his
economic writings, preceded by a long introduction which sketches
his life and environment based on extensive archival research and
family documents.
Potron had no education in economics and almost no contact with
the economists of his time. His primary source of inspiration was
the social doctrine of the Church, which had been updated at the
end of the nineteenth century. Faced with the 'economic evils' of
his time, he reacted by utilizing his talents as a mathematician
and an engineer to invent and formalize a general disaggregated
model in which production, employment, prices and wages are the
main unknowns. He introduced four basic principles or normative
conditions ('sufficient production', the 'right to rest', 'justice
in exchange', and the 'right to live') to define satisfactory
regimes of production and labour on the one hand, and of prices and
wages on the other. He studied the conditions for the existence of
these regimes, both on the quantity side and the value side, and he
explored the way to implement them.
This book makes it clear that Potron was the first author to
develop a full input-output model, to use the Perron-Frobenius
theorem in economics, to state a duality result, and to formulate
the Hawkins-Simon condition. These are all techniques which now
belong to the standard toolkit of economists. This book will be of
interest to Economics postgraduate students and researchers, and
will be essential reading for courses dealing with the history of
mathematical economics in general, and linear production theory in
particular.
General
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