This thesis explores the idea that the Higgs boson of the Standard
Model and the cosmological inflation are just two manifestations of
one and the same scalar field - the Higgs-inflation. By this
unification two energy scales that are separated by many orders of
magnitude are connected, thereby building a bridge between particle
physics and cosmology. An essential ingredient for making this
model consistent with observational data is a strong non-minimal
coupling to gravity. Predictions for the value of the Higgs mass as
well as for cosmological parameters are derived, and can be tested
by future experiments. The results become especially exciting in
the light of the recently announced discovery of the Higgs boson.
The model of non-minimal Higgs inflation is also used in a quantum
cosmological context to predict initial conditions for inflation.
These results can in turn be tested by the detection of primordial
gravitational waves. The presentation includes all
introductory material about cosmology and the Standard Model that
is essential for the further understanding. It also provides
an introduction to the mathematical methods used to calculate the
effective action by heat kernel methods.
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