Featured in this anthology of Native American literature are works
by twenty-eight writers from five tribes or nations including
Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Yuchi. Ranging
widely in form, from purely aesthetic pieces to editorial letters,
all reflect the dramatic changes occurring in Native American life
during the so-called Reform Era. It extended from 1875, with the
close of the treaty-making period, to 1935, when the United States
began to reverse a policy of liquidating tribal domain and
assimilating Indians into society at large. For Indians of the
American Southeast, this was the most devastating and destructive
policy since removal. Official assault on tribal domain and native
identity proved fruitful ground for native writers. As the works
collected here clearly show, the literary response to harsh reforms
was dynamic. Included here are these Native American tribes and
respective authors: Cherokee: John Lynch Adair, Mabel Washbourne
Anderson, David J. Brown, DeWitt Clinton Duncan (Too-qua-stee),
Rachel Caroline Eaton, Royal Roger Eubanks, William Eubanks, John
Milton Oskison, Will Rogers, Ora V. Eddleman Reed, Rolly Lynn
Riggs; Eastern Band Cherokee: Will Trenton Canup; Chickasaw:
Charles David Carter, Ben H. Colbert, James Harris Guy; Choctaw:
Israel Folsom, Ben D. Locke, David C. McCurtain, Gabe E. Parker,
Sr., Muriel Hazel Wright; Muscogee: Joseph Bruner, Charles Gibson,
William McCombs, Jesse J. McDermott, Pleasant Porter, Alexander
Lawrence Posey; Yuchi: James Roane Gregory. Like Native Americans
struggling in other regions, those whose traditional homelands were
in the American Southeast endeavored to maintain an native
identity. In the racially divided South, maintaining autonomy over
their tribal lands was a persisting problem. One result of their
struggle was intense literary activity. The letters, addresses,
short stories, lyric poems, plays, dialect works, and biographical
and historical prose they produced reflect dramatic and devastating
alteration to their societies as the government programs enforced
English education, dissolution of common tribal land titles, and
allotment of land to individuals during the era of reform.
General
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