Garcia Lorca at the Edge of Surrealism: The Aesthetics of Anguish
examines the variations of surrealism and surrealist theories in
the Spanish context, studied through the poetry, drama, and
drawings of Federico Garcia Lorca (1898-1936). In contrast to the
idealist and subconscious tenets espoused by surrealist leader
Andre Breton, which focus on the marvelous, automatic creative
processes, and sublimated depictions of reality, Lorca's surrealist
impulse follows a trajectory more in line with the theories of
French intellectuals such as Georges Bataille (1897-1962), who was
expelled from Breton's authoritative group. Bataille critiques the
lofty goals and ideals of Bretonian surrealism in the pages of the
cultural and anthropological review Documents (1929-1930) in terms
of a dissident surrealist ethno-poetics. This brand of the surreal
underscores the prevalence of the bleak or darker aspects of
reality: crisis, primitive sacrifice, the death drive, and the
violent representation of existence portrayed through formless base
matter such as blood, excrement, and fragmented bodies. The present
study demonstrates that Bataille's theoretical and poetic
expositions, including those dealing with l'informe (the formless)
and the somber emptiness of the void, engage the trauma and anxiety
of surrealist expression in Spain, particularly with reference to
the anguish, desire, and death that figure so prominently in
Spanish texts of the 1920s and 1930s often qualified as
"surrealist." Drawing extensively on the theoretical, cultural, and
poetic texts of the period, Garcia Lorca at the Edge of Surrealism
offers the first book-length consideration of Bataille's thinking
within the Spanish context, examined through the work of Lorca, a
singular proponent of what is here referred to as a dissident
Spanish surrealism. By reading Lorca's "surrealist" texts
(including Poeta en Nueva York, Viaje a la luna, and El publico)
through the Bataillean lens, this volume both amplifies our
understanding of the poetry and drama of one of the most important
Spanish writers of the twentieth century and expands our
perspective of what surrealism in Spain means.
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