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Catalysts for Upgrading Heavy Petroleum Feeds, Volume 169 (Hardcover, 169th edition)
Loot Price: R6,442
Discovery Miles 64 420
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Catalysts for Upgrading Heavy Petroleum Feeds, Volume 169 (Hardcover, 169th edition)
Series: Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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The book provides the most up-to-date information on testing and
development of hydroprocessing catalysts with the aim to improve
performance of the conventional and modified catalysts as well as
to develop novel catalytic formulations. Besides diverse chemical
composition, special attention is devoted to pore size and pore
volume distribution of the catalysts. Properties of the catalysts
are discussed in terms of their suitability for upgrading heavy
feeds. For this purpose atmospheric residue was chosen as the base
for defining other heavy feeds which comprise vacuum gas oil,
deasphalted oil and vacuum residues in addition to topped heavy
crude and bitumen. Attention is paid to deactivation with the aim
to extent catalyst life during the operation. Into consideration is
taken the loss of activity due to fouling, metal deposition, coke
formed as the result of chemical reaction and poisoning by nitrogen
bases. Mathematical models were reviewed focussing on those which
can simulate performance of the commercial operations.
Configurations of hydroprocessing reactors were compared in terms
of their capability to upgrade various heavy feeds providing that a
suitable catalyst was selected. Strategies for regeneration,
utilization and disposal of spent hydroprocesing catalysts were
evaluated. Potential of the non-conventional hydroprocessing
involving soluble/dispersed catalysts and biocatalysts in
comparison with conventional methods were assessed to identify
issues which prevent commercial utilization of the former. A
separate chapter is devoted to catalytic dewaxing because the
structure of dewaxing catalysts is rather different than that of
hydroprocessing catalysts, i.e., the objective of catalytic
dewaxing is different than that of the conventional
hydroprocessing, The relevant information in the scientific
literature is complemented with the Patent literature covering the
development of catalysts and novel reactor configurations.
Separate chapter was added to distinguish upgrading capabilities of
the residues catalytic cracking processes from those employing
hydroprocessing. Upper limits on the content of carbon residue and
metals in the feeds which can still be upgraded by the former
processes differ markedly from those in the feeds which can be
upgraded by hydroprocessing. It is necessary that the costs of
modifications of catalytic cracking processes to accommodate
heavier feeds are compared with that of hydroprocessing methods.
Objective of the short chapter on upgrading by carbon rejecting
processes was to identify limits of contaminants in heavy feeds
beyond which catalytic upgrading via hydroprocessing becomes
uneconomical because of the costs of catalyst inventory and that of
reactors and equipment.
- Comprehensive and most recent information on hydroprocessing
catalysts for upgrading heavy petroleum feeds.
- Compares conventional, modified and novel catalysts for upgrading
a wide range of heavy petroleum feeds.
- Comparison of conventional with non-conventional hydroprocessing,
the latter involving soluble/dispersed catalysts and biocatalysts.
- Development and comparison of mathematical models
to simulate performance of catalytic reactors including most
problematic feeds.
- Residues upgrading by catalytic cracking in comparison to
hydroprocessing.
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