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Paleoethnobotany on the Northern Plains: The Tuscany Archaeological Site (EgPn-377) Calgary (Paperback)
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Paleoethnobotany on the Northern Plains: The Tuscany Archaeological Site (EgPn-377) Calgary (Paperback)
Series: British Archaeological Reports International Series
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The Tuscany habitation site (EgPn-377) located in northwest Calgary
was excavated between 1995 and 1997. The site stratigraphy of the
large depression contained a series of buried paleosols situated
between Mazama tephra above, dating to 6730 +- 40 14C years BP, and
Glacial Lake Calgary sands below, dating to approximately 13,900
calendar years ago. These paleosols comprised the focus of this
volume. One of the research objectives was to examine the site for
spatial information via the processing of bulk sediment samples.
Such samples had the potential to yield information on the
distribution of small-scale archaeological remains throughout the
site. Sediment samples representing 1% volumes were collected from
each excavated level of each unit in the site grid. Through
flotation processing an inventory of bone, lithics, insects, fungal
spores, mollusks and charred macrobotanical remains were recovered.
The charred macrobotanical remains were the focus of this research.
Though the inventory is small, it provides a representative sample
of the remains of plants that grew locally in the depression
through the early Holocene. The charred botanical remains were
compared with pollen and soil studies along with modern vegetation
and climate records to develop a model for open parkland in the
area for the early Holocene. The reconstructed landscape appears to
have provided a habitat for a broad spectrum of fauna along with a
diverse inventory of potentially useful plants for early Holocene
peoples to exploit.
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