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Plant Genomes: Methods for Genetic and Physical Mapping (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1992)
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Plant Genomes: Methods for Genetic and Physical Mapping (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1992)
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JACQUES S. BECKMANN & THOMAS C. OSBORN Extraordinary progress
has been made in the analyses of the genetic structures of higher
eukaryotic genomes. Only ten years elapsed between the initial
proposals to use molecular DNA markers for the generation of a
complete linkage map of the human genome [5, 17] and the first
description of a 10 centimorgan map of one of its chromosomes [22],
soon to be followed by others. The availability of molecular DNA
markers, henceforth called genomic markers [for a review of their
properties see 1, 2, 20], represents a milestone in genetics by
providing the capacity for complete genetic coverage of all
genomes. It is important to remember that the nature of the DNA
polymorphism or of the specific method used to uncover it can be
quite different for different marker loci. The genetic variation
detected can be a result of a simple point mutation, a DNA
insertion/deletion event, or a change in repeat copy number at some
hypervariable DNA [11] or micro satellite [21] motif. Currently,
the methods of detection can involve use of restriction
endonucleases, nucleic acid hybridization, or DNA sequence
amplification. Each of these sources of var iation and methods of
detection can have utility for different applications. Furthermore,
new approaches for the detection of DNA polymorphism are constantly
emerging. The primary concern here is that the monitored poly
morphism defines a genetic marker 'useful' for the desired
application.
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