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Dangerous Trade - Arms Exports, Human Rights, and International Reputation (Hardcover)
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Dangerous Trade - Arms Exports, Human Rights, and International Reputation (Hardcover)
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The United Nations's groundbreaking Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), which
went into effect in 2014, sets legally binding standards to
regulate global arms exports and reflects the growing concerns
toward the significant role that small and major conventional arms
play in perpetuating human rights violations, conflict, and
societal instability worldwide. Many countries that once staunchly
opposed shared export controls and their perceived threat to
political and economic autonomy are now beginning to embrace
numerous agreements, such as the ATT and the EU Code of Conduct.
Jennifer L. Erickson explores the reasons top arms-exporting
democracies have put aside past sovereignty, security, and economic
worries in favor of humanitarian arms transfer controls, and she
follows the early effects of this about-face on export practice.
She begins with a brief history of failed arms export control
initiatives and then tracks arms transfer trends over time.
Pinpointing the normative shifts in the 1990s that put humanitarian
arms control on the table, she reveals that these states committed
to these policies out of concern for their international
reputations. She also highlights how arms trade scandals threaten
domestic reputations and thus help improve compliance. Using
statistical data and interviews conducted in France, Germany,
Belgium, the United Kingdom, and the United States, Erickson
challenges existing IR theories of state behavior while providing
insight into the role of reputation as a social mechanism and the
importance of government transparency and accountability in
generating compliance with new norms and rules.
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