The Internet allows ethnographers to deposit the textual materials
on which they base their writing in virtual archives.
Electronically archived fieldwork documents can be accessed at any
time by the writer, his or her readers, and the people studied.
Johannes Fabian, a leading theorist of anthropological practice,
argues that virtual archives have the potential to shift the
emphasis in ethnographic writing from the monograph to commentary.
In this insightful study, he returns to the recording of a
conversation he had with a ritual healer in the Congolese town of
Lubumbashi more than three decades ago. Fabian's transcript and
translation of the exchange have been deposited on a website
(Language and Popular Culture in Africa), and in "Ethnography as
Commentary" he provides a model of writing in the presence of a
virtual archive.
In his commentary, Fabian reconstructs his meeting with the
healer Kahenga Mukonkwa Michel, in which the two discussed the
ritual that Kahenga performed to protect Fabian's home from
burglary. Fabian reflects on the expectations and terminology that
shape his description of Kahenga's ritual and meditates on how
ethnographic texts are made, considering the settings, the
participants, the technologies, and the linguistic medium that
influence the transcription and translation of a recording and thus
fashion ethnographic knowledge. Turning more directly to
Kahenga--as a practitioner, a person, and an ethnographic
subject--and to the questions posed to him, Fabian reconsiders
questions of ethnic identity, politics, and religion. While Fabian
hopes that emerging anthropologists will share their fieldwork
through virtual archives, he does not suggest that traditional
ethnography will disappear. It will become part of a broader
project facilitated by new media.
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