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The Empire That Would Not Die - The Paradox of Eastern Roman Survival, 640-740 (Hardcover)
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The Empire That Would Not Die - The Paradox of Eastern Roman Survival, 640-740 (Hardcover)
Series: Carl Newell Jackson Lectures
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The eastern Roman Empire was the largest state in western Eurasia
in the sixth century. Only a century later, it was a fraction of
its former size. Surrounded by enemies, ravaged by warfare and
disease, the empire seemed destined to collapse. Yet it did not
die. In this holistic analysis, John Haldon elucidates the factors
that allowed the eastern Roman Empire to survive against all odds
into the eighth century. By 700 CE the empire had lost
three-quarters of its territory to the Islamic caliphate. But the
rugged geography of its remaining territories in Anatolia and the
Aegean was strategically advantageous, preventing enemies from
permanently occupying imperial towns and cities while leaving them
vulnerable to Roman counterattacks. The more the empire shrank, the
more it became centered around the capital of Constantinople, whose
ability to withstand siege after siege proved decisive. Changes in
climate also played a role, permitting shifts in agricultural
production that benefitted the imperial economy. At the same time,
the crisis confronting the empire forced the imperial court, the
provincial ruling classes, and the church closer together. State
and church together embodied a sacralized empire that held the
emperor, not the patriarch, as Christendom's symbolic head. Despite
its territorial losses, the empire suffered no serious political
rupture. What remained became the heartland of a medieval Christian
Roman state, with a powerful political theology that predicted the
emperor would eventually prevail against God's enemies and
establish Orthodox Christianity's world dominion.
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