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Books > Language & Literature > Language & linguistics > Grammar, syntax, linguistic structure
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Participles in Rigvedic Sanskrit - The Syntax and Semantics of Adjectival Verb Forms (Hardcover)
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Participles in Rigvedic Sanskrit - The Syntax and Semantics of Adjectival Verb Forms (Hardcover)
Series: Oxford Studies in Diachronic and Historical Linguistics
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This book examines several thousand examples of tense-aspect stem
participles in the Rigveda, and the passages in which they appear,
in terms of both their syntax and semantics. The Rigveda is an
ancient collection of sacred Indian hymns, written in Vedic
Sanskrit, and is one of the oldest extant texts in any
Indo-European language. It is also a poetic text in which
deliberate obscurity is the governing aesthetic and in which the
rules of language are pushed to their limits in order to produce
the ideal poetic expression. Many Vedic sentences are of
controversial, disputed meaning, and Vedic scholarship is thus
fraught with controversy. John J. Lowe applies formal linguistic
analysis to the data and produces a comprehensive formal model of
how participles are used. The author uses his findings to
recategorize the data, by defining certain stems and stem-types as
outside the synchronic category of participle on the basis of their
syntactic and semantic properties. He suggests alternative sources
for these forms and considers the linguistic processes that
transformed old participles into non-participial entities. In his
conclusion he reassesses the category of participles within the
verbal and nominal systems, looks at their prehistory in
Proto-Indo-European, and describes their universal, typological
characteristics. Among his conclusions are that tense-aspect-stem
participles have the technical properties of adjectival verbs, not
verbal adjectives, and that such participles are not fully
dependent on corresponding finite verbal forms. That is, a perfect
participle, for example, need not share all the semantic and
functional features of the finite perfect forms built to the same
stem. These and many other conclusions drawn either directly
challenge or radically revise received opinion and recent work.
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