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Food Insecurity & Hydroclimate in Greater Horn of Africa - Potential for Agriculture Amidst Extremes (Hardcover, 1st ed. 2022)
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Food Insecurity & Hydroclimate in Greater Horn of Africa - Potential for Agriculture Amidst Extremes (Hardcover, 1st ed. 2022)
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This book will benefit users in food security, agriculture, water
management, and environmental sectors. It provides the first
comprehensive analysis of Greater Horn of Africa (GHA)'s food
insecurity and hydroclimate using the state-of-the-art Gravity
Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its Follow-on
(GRACE-FO)'s, centennial precipitation, hydrological models' and
reanalysis' products. It is here opined that GHA is endowed with
freshwater (surface and groundwater) being home to the world's
second largest freshwater body (Lake Victoria) and the greatest
continental water towers (Ethiopian Highlands) that if properly
tapped in a sustainable way, will support its irrigated agriculture
as well as pastoralism. First, however, the obsolete Nile treaties
that hamper the use of Lake Victoria (White Nile) and Ethiopian
Highland (Blue Nile) have to be unlocked. Moreover, GHA is
bedevilled by poor governance and the ``donor-assistance" syndrome;
and in 2020-2021 faced the so-called ``triple threats'' of desert
locust infestation, climate variability/change impacts and COVID-19
pandemic. Besides, climate extremes influence its meagre waters
leading to perennial food insecurity. Coupled with frequent
regional and local conflicts, high population growth rate, low crop
yield, invasion of migratory pests, contagious human and livestock
diseases (such as HIV/AIDs, COVID-19 & Rift Valley fever) and
poverty, life for more than 310 million of its inhabitants simply
becomes unbearable. Alarming also is the fact that drought-like
humanitarian crises are increasing in GHA despite recent progress
in its monitoring and prediction efforts. Notwithstanding these
efforts, there remain challenges stemming from uncertainty in its
prediction, and the inflexibility and limited buffering capacity of
the recurrent impacted systems. To achieve greater food security,
therefore, in addition to boosting GHA's agricultural output, UN
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs suggest that
its "inhabitants must create more diverse and stable means of
livelihood to insulate themselves and their households from
external shocks". This is a task that they acknowledge will not be
easy as the path ahead is "strewn with obstacles namely; natural
hazards and armed conflicts". Understanding GHA's food insecurity
and its hydroclimate as presented in this book is a good starting
point towards managing the impacts of the natural hazards on the
one hand while understanding the impacts associated with extreme
climate on GHA's available water and assessing the potential of its
surface and groundwater to support its irrigated agriculture and
pastoralism would be the first step towards "coping with drought"
on the other hand. The book represents a significant effort by Prof
Awange in trying to offer a comprehensive overview of the
hydroclimate in the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA). Prof Eric F.
Wood, NAE (USA); FRSC (Canada); Foreign member, ATSE (Australia).
General
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