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Produced Water - Environmental Risks and Advances in Mitigation Technologies (Paperback, 2011 ed.)
Loot Price: R3,126
Discovery Miles 31 260
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Produced Water - Environmental Risks and Advances in Mitigation Technologies (Paperback, 2011 ed.)
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A state-of-the-art review of scientific knowledge on the
environmental risk of ocean discharge of produced water and
advances in mitigation technologies. In offshore oil and gas
operations, produced water (the water produced with oil or gas from
a well) accounts for the largest waste stream (in terms of volume
discharged). Its discharge is continuous during oil and gas
production and typically increases in volume over the lifetime of
an offshore production platform. Produced water discharge as waste
into the ocean has become an environmental concern because of its
potential contaminant content. Environmental risk assessments of
ocean discharge of produced water have yielded different results.
For example, several laboratory and field studies have shown that
significant acute toxic effects cannot be detected beyond the
"point of discharge" due to rapid dilution in the receiving waters.
However, there is some preliminary evidence of chronic sub-lethal
impacts in biota associated with the discharge of produced water
from oil and gas fields within the North Sea. As the composition
and concentration of potential produced water contaminants may vary
from one geologic formation to another, this conference also
highlights the results of recent studies in Atlantic Canada.
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