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Michael Polanyi and His Generation - Origins of the Social Construction of Science (Paperback)
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Michael Polanyi and His Generation - Origins of the Social Construction of Science (Paperback)
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In Michael Polanyi and His Generation, Mary Jo Nye investigates the
role that Michael Polanyi and several of his contemporaries played
in the emergence of the social turn in the philosophy of science.
This turn involved seeing science as a socially based enterprise
that does not rely on empiricism and reason alone but on social
communities, behavioral norms, and personal commitments. Nye argues
that the roots of the social turn are to be found in the scientific
culture and political events of Europe in the 1930s, when
scientific intellectuals struggled to defend the universal status
of scientific knowledge and to justify public support for science
in an era of economic catastrophe, Stalinism and Fascism, and
increased demands for applications of science to industry and
social welfare. At the center of this struggle was Polanyi, who Nye
contends was one of the first advocates of this new conception of
science. Nye reconstructs Polanyi's scientific and political
milieus in Budapest, Berlin, and Manchester from the 1910s to the
1950s and explains how he and other natural scientists and social
scientists of his generation and the next forged a politically
charged philosophy of science, one that newly emphasized the social
construction of science.
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