Since its inception, the National Transportation Safety Board has
been concerned about the evacuation of commercial airplanes in the
event of an emergency. Several accidents investigated by the Safety
Board in the last decade that involved emergency evacuations
prompted the Safety Board to conduct a study on the evacuation of
commercial airplanes. The study described in this report is the
first prospective study of emergency evacuation of commercial
airplanes. For the study, the Safety Board investigated 46
evacuations that occurred between September 1997 and June 1999 that
involved 2,651 passengers. Eighteen different aircraft types were
represented in the study. Based on information collected from the
passengers, the flight attendants, the flight crews, the air
carriers, and the aircraft rescue and firefighting (ARFF) units,
the Safety Board examined the following safety issues in the study:
(a) certification issues related to airplane evacuation, (b) the
effectiveness of evacuation equipment, (c) the adequacy of air
carrier and ARFF guidance and procedures related to evacuations,
and (d) communication issues related to evacuations. The study also
compiled some general statistics on evacuations, including the
number of evacuations and the types and number of passenger
injuries incurred during evacuations. As a result of the study, the
National Transportation Safety Board issued 20 safety
recommendations and reiterated 3 safety recommendations to the
Federal Aviation Administration.
General
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