Considered by many historians to be the birthplace of the
Confederacy, South Carolina experienced one of the longest and most
turbulent Reconstruction periods of all the southern states. After
the Civil War, white supremacist leadership in the state fiercely
resisted the efforts of freed slaves to secure full citizenship
rights and to remake society based upon an expansive vision of
freedom forged in slavery and the crucible of war. Despite numerous
obstacles, African Americans achieved remarkable social and
political advances in the ten years following the war, including
the establishment of the state's first publicly-funded school
system and health care for the poor. Through their efforts, the
state's political process and social fabric became more democratic.
Peter F. Lau traces the civil rights movement in South Carolina
from Reconstruction through the early twenty-first century. He
stresses that the movement was shaped by local, national, and
international circumstances in which individuals worked to redefine
and expand the meaning and practice of democracy beyond the borders
of their own state. Contrary to recent scholars who separate civil
rights claims from general calls for economic justice, Lau asserts
that African American demands for civil rights have been
inseparable from broader demands for a redistribution of social and
economic power. Using the tension between rights possession and
rights application as his organizing theme, Lau fundamentally
revises our understanding of the civil rights movement in America.
In addition to considering South Carolina's pivotal role in the
national civil rights movement, Lau offers a comprehensive analysis
of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
(NAACP) during the height of its power and influence, from 1910
through the years following Brown v. Board of Education (1954).
During this time, the NAACP worked to ensure the rights guaranteed
to African Americans by the 14th and 15th amendments and
facilitated the emergence of a broad-based movement that included
many of the nation's rural and most marginalized people. By
examining events that occurred in South Carolina and the impact of
the activities of the NAACP, Democracy Rising upends traditional
interpretations of the civil rights movement in America. In their
place, Lau offers an innovative way to understand the struggle for
black equality by tracing the movement of people, institutions, and
ideas across boundaries of region, nation, and identity.
Ultimately, the book illustrates how conflicts caused by the
state's history of racial exclusion and discrimination continue to
shape modern society.
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