Trees that are indispensably supportive to human life pose a
formidable challenge to breed them to suit to human needs. From
soft drinks to breweries to beverages to oil to tires, the value
added products from trees give a spectrum of products to human
kind. While attempts to tap these resources through conventional
breeding are underway, the quick and elegant way of manipulating
the genetic systems at the genome level is an essential chapter of
modern science. Books featuring genomics of tree crops are few, and
genomics is such a science that changes rapidly. Genomics of Tree
Crops is an earnest attempt towards compiling genomics of tree
crops. Plant genomics has made monumental strides in the last
decade providing insights into intra-genomic phenomena such as
heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and other interactions between
loci and alleles within the genome. In contrast, the investigation
of the roles and functions of single genes is a primary focus of
molecular biology and is a common topic of modern genetic research.
A genome is the sum total of all of an individual organism's genes.
Thus, genomics is the study of all the genes of a cell, or tissue,
at the DNA (genotype), mRNA (transcriptome), or protein (proteome)
levels. The complete sequencing of the three billion base pair
human genome with 25,000 genes identified and the invention of DNA
microarrays ushered in a new era in the science of genomics leading
to explosive advancements in oncology diagnostics. This impetus
into the genomics era lead the way toward advances in plant
genomics which started with Arabidopsis thaliana and went through
an array of crops such as rice, maize, papaya, various cereals and
legumes, with pigeon pea added to the list towards the end of 2011.
Trees, on the other hand, are the least attended taxa with regard
to genomic research. Some of the areas that attained attention of
the scientists are: DNA sequencing, bioinformatics, genomics of
flowering, gene flow, spatial structure, local adaptation and
assisted migration in trees, transformation of fruit trees,
genomics of tropical and temperate fruit trees, genomics of Hevea
rubber, genomics of papaya and genomics of palms. Genomics of Tree
Crops compiles this information with chapters authored by experts
on these crops.
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