Outstanding Academic Title, Choice Cybernetics-the science of
communication and control as it applies to machines and to
humans-originates from efforts during World War II to build
automatic antiaircraft systems. Following the war, this science
extended beyond military needs to examine all systems that rely on
information and feedback, from the level of the cell to that of
society. In The Cybernetics Moment, Ronald R. Kline, a senior
historian of technology, examines the intellectual and cultural
history of cybernetics and information theory, whose language of
"information," "feedback," and "control" transformed the idiom of
the sciences, hastened the development of information technologies,
and laid the conceptual foundation for what we now call the
Information Age. Kline argues that, for about twenty years after
1950, the growth of cybernetics and information theory and
ever-more-powerful computers produced a utopian information
narrative-an enthusiasm for information science that influenced
natural scientists, social scientists, engineers, humanists,
policymakers, public intellectuals, and journalists, all of whom
struggled to come to grips with new relationships between humans
and intelligent machines. Kline traces the relationship between the
invention of computers and communication systems and the rise,
decline, and transformation of cybernetics by analyzing the lives
and work of such notables as Norbert Wiener, Claude Shannon, Warren
McCulloch, Margaret Mead, Gregory Bateson, and Herbert Simon.
Ultimately, he reveals the crucial role played by the cybernetics
moment-when cybernetics and information theory were seen as
universal sciences-in setting the stage for our current
preoccupation with information technologies.
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