The comparative approach to the understanding of history is
increasingly popular today. This study details the evolution of
comparative history by examining the career of a pioneer in this
area, Herbert E. Bolton, who popularized the notion that
hemispheric history should be considered from pole to pole. Bolton
traced the study of the history of the Americas back to 16th
century European accounts of efforts to bring civilization to the
New World, and he argued that only within this larger context could
the histories of individual nations be understood. After American
entry into the Spanish-American War in 1898, historians such as
Bolton promoted the idea of comparative history, and it remains to
this day a significant historiographical approach.
Consideration of the history of the Americas as a whole dates
back to 16th century European treatises on the New World. Chapter
one of this study provides an overview of pre-Bolton formulations
of such history. In chapter two one sees the forces that shaped
Bolton's thinking and brought about the development of the concept.
Chapters three and four focus upon the evolution of the approach
through Bolton's history course at the University of California at
Berkeley and the reception of the concept among Bolton's
contemporaries. Unfortunately, Bolton never fully developed the
theoretical side of his arguement; thus, chapter five chronicles
the decline of his ideas after his death. The final chapter reveals
the survival of the concept, which is now embraced by a new
generation of historians who are largely unfamiliar with Bolton's
instrumental role in the promotion of comparative history.
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