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Books > Medicine > Clinical & internal medicine > Diseases & disorders > Infectious & contagious diseases
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Tuberculosis & Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis - Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Resistance Mechanisms, Treatment Strategies & Novel Drugs (Hardcover)
Loot Price: R2,548
Discovery Miles 25 480
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Tuberculosis & Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis - Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Resistance Mechanisms, Treatment Strategies & Novel Drugs (Hardcover)
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Tuberculosis (TB), causing nine million active disease cases and
1.5 million deaths every year, is a formidable public health
challenge, particularly in poor and developing countries around the
world. Major reasons for global burden of TB include association of
active disease with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection
or other underlying immunosuppressive conditions such as diabetes
and increasing incidence of drug-resistant, multidrug-resistant
(MDR) (resistant at least to rifampicin and isoniazid) and
extensively drug-resistant (XDR) (additionally resistant to a
fluoroquinolone plus kanamycin/amikacin/capreomycin) strains of M.
tuberculosis. While treatment of drug-susceptible TB is effective
in >95 percent of disease cases, supervised therapy for >6
months is challenging. Inadequate/inappropriate therapy due to
inability of poor patients to pay for drugs and non-adherence to
treatment (regimen and duration) often results in much lower cure
rates and evolution of drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis
due to mutations occurring at a predictable rate in genes encoding
drug targets. Sequential accumulation of mutations results in
evolution of MDR and XDR strains of M. tuberculosis. Today,
drug-resistant TB and MDR-TB have become prevalent in many parts of
the world and XDR-TB strains are emerging rapidly. While MDR-TB is
difficult to treat, XDR-TB is untreatable in most developing
countries.
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