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Books > History > Asian / Middle Eastern history
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Render unto the Sultan - Power, Authority, and the Greek Orthodox Church in the Early Ottoman Centuries (Hardcover)
Loot Price: R3,256
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Render unto the Sultan - Power, Authority, and the Greek Orthodox Church in the Early Ottoman Centuries (Hardcover)
Expected to ship within 12 - 17 working days
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The received wisdom about the nature of the Greek Orthodox Church
in the Ottoman Empire is that Sultan Mehmed II reestablished the
Patriarchate of Constantinople as both a political and a religious
authority to govern the post-Byzantine Greek community. However,
relations between the Church hierarchy and Turkish masters extend
further back in history, and closer scrutiny of these relations
reveals that the Church hierarchy in Anatolia had long experience
dealing with Turkish emirs by focusing on economic arrangements.
Decried as scandalous, these arrangements became the modus vivendi
for bishops in the Turkish emirates. Primarily concerned with the
economic arrangements between the Ottoman state and the institution
of the Greek Orthodox Church from the mid-fifteenth to the
sixteenth century, Render Unto the Sultan argues that the Ottoman
state considered the Greek Orthodox ecclesiastical hierarchy
primarily as tax farmers (multezim) for cash income derived from
the church's widespread holdings. The Ottoman state granted
individuals the right to take their positions as hierarchs in
return for yearly payments to the state. Relying on members of the
Greek economic elite (archons) to purchase the ecclesiastical tax
farm (iltizam), hierarchical positions became subject to the same
forces of competition that other Ottoman administrative offices
faced. This led to colorful episodes and multiple challenges to
ecclesiastical authority throughout Ottoman lands. Tom
Papademetriou demonstrates that minority communities and
institutions in the Ottoman Empire, up to now, have been considered
either from within the community, or from outside, from the Ottoman
perspective. This new approach allows us to consider internal Greek
Orthodox communal concerns, but from within the larger Ottoman
social and economic context. Render Unto the Sultan challenges the
long established concept of the 'Millet System', the historical
model in which the religious leader served both a civil as well as
a religious authority. From the Ottoman state's perspective, the
hierarchy was there to serve the religious and economic function
rather than the political one.
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