Postcolonial discourses on African Diaspora history and relations
have traditionally focused intensely on highlighting the common
experiences and links between black Africans and African Americans.
This is especially true of Afrocentric scholars and supporters who
use Africa to construct and validate a monolithic, racial, and
culturally essentialist worldview. Publications by Afrocentric
scholars such as Molefi Asante, Marimba Ani, Maulana Karenga, and
the late John Henrik Clarke have emphasized the centrality of
Africa to the construction of Afrocentric essentialism. In the last
fifteen years, however, countervailing critical scholarship has
challenged essentialist interpretations of Diaspora history.
Critics such as Stephen Howe, Yaacov Shavit, and Clarence Walker
have questioned and refuted the intellectual and cultural
underpinnings of Afrocentric essentialist ideology.
Tunde Adeleke deconstructs Afrocentric essentialism by
illuminating and interrogating the problematic situation of Africa
as the foundation of a racialized worldwide African Diaspora. He
attempts to fill an intellectual gap by analyzing the
contradictions in Afrocentric representations of the continent.
These include multiple, conflicting, and ambivalent portraits of
Africa; the use of the continent as a global, unifying identity for
all blacks; the de-emphasizing and nullification of New World
acculturation; and the ahistoristic construction of a monolithic
African Diaspora worldwide.
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