In premodern Moroccan Sufism, sainthood involved not only a
closeness to the Divine presence (walaya) but also the exercise of
worldly authority (wilaya). The Moroccan Jazuliyya Sufi order used
the doctrine that the saint was a "substitute of the prophets" and
personification of a universal "Muhammadan Reality" to justify
nearly one hundred years of Sufi involvement in Moroccan political
life, which led to the creation of the sharifian state.
This book presents a systematic history of Moroccan Sufism
through the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries C.E. and a
comprehensive study of Moroccan Sufi doctrine, focusing on the
concept of sainthood. Vincent J. Cornell engages in a
sociohistorical analysis of Sufi institutions, a critical
examination of hagiography as a source for history, a study of the
Sufi model of sainthood in relation to social and political life,
and a sociological analysis of more than three hundred biographies
of saints. He concludes by identifying eight indigenous ideal types
of saint that are linked to specific forms of authority. Taken
together, they define sainthood as a socioreligious institution in
Morocco.
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