"Colonial Pathologies" is a groundbreaking history of the role of
science and medicine in the American colonization of the
Philippines from 1898 through the 1930s. Warwick Anderson describes
how American colonizers sought to maintain their own health and
stamina in a foreign environment while exerting control over and
"civilizing" a population of seven million people spread out over
seven thousand islands. In the process, he traces a significant
transformation in the thinking of colonial doctors and scientists
about what was most threatening to the health of white colonists.
During the late nineteenth century, they understood the tropical
environment as the greatest danger, and they sought to help their
fellow colonizers to acclimate. Later, as their attention shifted
to the role of microbial pathogens, colonial scientists came to
view the Filipino people as a contaminated race, and they launched
public health initiatives to reform Filipinos' personal hygiene
practices and social conduct.
A vivid sense of a colonial culture characterized by an anxious
and assertive white masculinity emerges from Anderson's description
of American efforts to treat and discipline allegedly errant
Filipinos. His narrative encompasses a colonial obsession with
native excrement, a leper colony intended to transform those
considered most unclean and least socialized, and the hookworm and
malaria programs implemented by the Rockefeller Foundation in the
1920s and 1930s. Throughout, Anderson is attentive to the
circulation of intertwined ideas about race, science, and medicine.
He points to colonial public health in the Philippines as a key
influence on the subsequent development of military medicine and
industrial hygiene, U.S. urban health services, and racialized
development regimes in other parts of the world.
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