When considering labor market inequality across different
demographic groups in society, it is natural for most individuals
to think of discrimination as the most likely explanation. Since
the pioneering work of University of Chicago economist and Nobel
Laureate Gary Becker, there has been an abundance of both
theoretical and empirical analysis on the issue of discrimination.
What economists and other social scientists have learned is that
the measurement of discrimination has proven to be far more
challenging than anyone could have imagined. There is of course the
technology of measurement that has to be addressed but there is
also the related matter of how to define discrimination. Another
University of Chicago economist and Nobel Laureate, Milton
Friedman, cautioned against overlooking the distinction between
equality of outcomes and equality of opportunity. The present book
is a tour de force on the topic of segregation in the labor force.
Segregation is a concept that is related to discrimination but it
is not necessarily the same as discrimination. Segregation can be a
mechanism for societal enforcement of discrimination, but it can
also arise as the result of voluntary choices related to
differences in preferences and household division of labor. The
authors offer a counterweight to the traditional emphasis on wage
discrimination over segregation and labor market segmentation. The
subject is thoroughly addressed on both theoretical and empirical
grounds with special emphasis on gender segregation in the Swiss
labor market.
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