There are many approaches to researching the difficulties in learning that students experience in the key areas of literacy and numeracy. This book seeks to advance understanding of these difficulties and the interventions that have been used to improve outcomes. The book addresses the sometimes complementary and sometimes contradictory results, and generates new approaches to understanding and serving students with difficulties in literacy and numeracy. The book represents a departure from conventional wisdom as most scholars and graduate students draw upon ideas from only one of the three domains focal in the book and usually from one single or dominant theoretical frame. Typically, readers will affiliate with reading education, mathematics education, or learning disabilities and belong to one of the corresponding professional associations such as IRA, NCTM, or CLD. This book's scope will open a scholarly forum for engaging readers with a familiarity with one of these domains while providing insight into the others on offer in the book.

Signs of Change: Assessment Past, Present and Future Another Time, Another Place...Examinations Then and Now In the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, a series of stone stelae records the names of the handful of illustrious examination candidates who, in each century, passed the national examination to become a Doctor of Literature. Beginning in the 11thcentury, theexamswereconductedpersonallybysuccessivekingswhopursued Confucian ideals that found expression in the enormous value placed on the pursuit of wisdom and learning. In the 21st century we are both puzzled and impressed by this tradition. Puzzled by such an explicit commitment to a meritocracy in an essentially feudal society; impressed by this enthusiasm for learning and the pursuit of wisdom at the highest level of society. Yet, there are also important similarities between the 11th and 21st centuries. Then, as now, assessment was associated with excellence, high standards, pr- tige and competition-success for the chosen few; disappointment for the majority. Then, as now, the pursuit of excellence was embedded in a social context that favoured the elite and determined success in terms of the predilections of the p- erful. Then, as now, the purpose of the assessment, the way it was conducted and its impact on society all re ected the social and economic priorities of the day

This is the foundational book for the new series, Teacher Education, Learning Innovation and Accountability. The book canvasses research, practice and policy perspectives in teacher education across diverse geographic, social and political contexts. It explores the lifespan of teacher development from initial preparation through to graduate classroom practice as it occurs in an intensifying culture of standards and regulation. The characterization of initial teacher education (ITE) in a crucible of change permeates throughout the book. The chapters open up new ways of thinking about innovation and accountability in ITE and the professionalization of teaching, exploring fundamental questions, such as "Who are the actors in teacher preparation and how do they interact? How can we learn about the quality of teacher education? Where can we hear the voices of teacher educators and preservice teachers, as well as school-based teacher educators? What are the new and emerging roles of others in teacher education who have not been involved previously, including employing authorities?" (p. 22). While the book provides responses to these and other provocative questions, it also offers new insights into innovative teacher education from a wide range of policy and practice contexts.

This book provides a significant contribution to conversations about teacher quality and graduate readiness for teaching. It presents empirical insights into how a multidisciplinary team of researchers, teacher educators, and policy personnel mobilized for collective change in a standards-driven reform initiative. The insights are research-informed and critically relevant for anyone interested in teacher preparation and credentialing. It gives an account of a bold move to install a collaborative culture of evidence-informed inquiry to professionalize teacher education. The centerpiece of the book is the use of standards and evidence to show the quality of graduates entering the teaching workforce. The book presents, for the first time, a model of online cross-institutional moderation as benchmarking to generate large-scale evidence of the quality of teacher education. The book also introduces a new conceptualization of a feedback loop using summative data for accountability and formative data to inform curriculum review and program renewal. This book offers the insider story of the conceptualization, design, and implementation of the Graduate Teacher Performance Assessment (GTPA). It involves going to scale with a large group of Australian universities, government agencies, and schools, and using participatory approaches to advance new thinking about evidence-informed inquiry, cross-institutional moderation, and innovative digital infrastructure. The discussion of competence assessment, standards, and change processes presented in the book has relevance beyond teacher education to other professions.

-Includes positive perspectives on the potential and opportunities of digital learning and new assessments to promote learning and engage learners in ways not previously available; -Explores the broader social contexts and policy issues surrounding implementation, including as these relate to teacher and student roles and dispositions; -Extends to the nature of digital learning assessments as they pertain to International Large-Scale Assessments (e.g. PISA), national testing, and the emergence of online/app based formative assessments, and their subsequent utilization in schooling systems for policy, accountability and improved teaching and learning outcomes.

This book explores how well teachers are prepared for professional practice. It is an outcome of a large-scale research and development program that has collected extensive data on the impact of the Graduate Teacher Performance Assessment on Initial Teacher Education programs and preservice teachers' engagement with the assessment. It contributes to international debates in teacher education by examining an Australian experience of teacher performance assessments as a catalyst for cultural change and practice reform in teacher education. The respective chapters describe and critique this unique, multi-institutional investigation into the quality of teacher education and present substantial evidence, drawing on a variety of conceptual, empirical and methodological entry points. Further, they address the intellectual, experiential and personal resources and related expertise that teacher educators and preservice teachers bring to their practice. Taken together, they offer readers clearly conceptualised and evidence-rich accounts of site-specific and cross-site investigations into cultural, pedagogical and assessment change in Initial Teacher Education.

-Includes positive perspectives on the potential and opportunities of digital learning and new assessments to promote learning and engage learners in ways not previously available; -Explores the broader social contexts and policy issues surrounding implementation, including as these relate to teacher and student roles and dispositions; -Extends to the nature of digital learning assessments as they pertain to International Large-Scale Assessments (e.g. PISA), national testing, and the emergence of online/app based formative assessments, and their subsequent utilization in schooling systems for policy, accountability and improved teaching and learning outcomes.

This book explores how well teachers are prepared for professional practice. It is an outcome of a large-scale research and development program that has collected extensive data on the impact of the Graduate Teacher Performance Assessment on Initial Teacher Education programs and preservice teachers' engagement with the assessment. It contributes to international debates in teacher education by examining an Australian experience of teacher performance assessments as a catalyst for cultural change and practice reform in teacher education. The respective chapters describe and critique this unique, multi-institutional investigation into the quality of teacher education and present substantial evidence, drawing on a variety of conceptual, empirical and methodological entry points. Further, they address the intellectual, experiential and personal resources and related expertise that teacher educators and preservice teachers bring to their practice. Taken together, they offer readers clearly conceptualised and evidence-rich accounts of site-specific and cross-site investigations into cultural, pedagogical and assessment change in Initial Teacher Education.

This book provides a significant contribution to conversations about teacher quality and graduate readiness for teaching. It presents empirical insights into how a multidisciplinary team of researchers, teacher educators, and policy personnel mobilized for collective change in a standards-driven reform initiative. The insights are research-informed and critically relevant for anyone interested in teacher preparation and credentialing. It gives an account of a bold move to install a collaborative culture of evidence-informed inquiry to professionalize teacher education. The centerpiece of the book is the use of standards and evidence to show the quality of graduates entering the teaching workforce. The book presents, for the first time, a model of online cross-institutional moderation as benchmarking to generate large-scale evidence of the quality of teacher education. The book also introduces a new conceptualization of a feedback loop using summative data for accountability and formative data to inform curriculum review and program renewal. This book offers the insider story of the conceptualization, design, and implementation of the Graduate Teacher Performance Assessment (GTPA). It involves going to scale with a large group of Australian universities, government agencies, and schools, and using participatory approaches to advance new thinking about evidence-informed inquiry, cross-institutional moderation, and innovative digital infrastructure. The discussion of competence assessment, standards, and change processes presented in the book has relevance beyond teacher education to other professions.

This is the foundational book for the new series, Teacher Education, Learning Innovation and Accountability. The book canvasses research, practice and policy perspectives in teacher education across diverse geographic, social and political contexts. It explores the lifespan of teacher development from initial preparation through to graduate classroom practice as it occurs in an intensifying culture of standards and regulation. The characterization of initial teacher education (ITE) in a crucible of change permeates throughout the book. The chapters open up new ways of thinking about innovation and accountability in ITE and the professionalization of teaching, exploring fundamental questions, such as "Who are the actors in teacher preparation and how do they interact? How can we learn about the quality of teacher education? Where can we hear the voices of teacher educators and preservice teachers, as well as school-based teacher educators? What are the new and emerging roles of others in teacher education who have not been involved previously, including employing authorities?" (p. 22). While the book provides responses to these and other provocative questions, it also offers new insights into innovative teacher education from a wide range of policy and practice contexts.

There are many approaches to researching the difficulties in learning that students experience in the key areas of literacy and numeracy. This book seeks to advance understanding of these difficulties and the interventions that have been used to improve outcomes. The book addresses the sometimes complementary and sometimes contradictory results, and generates new approaches to understanding and serving students with difficulties in literacy and numeracy. The book represents a departure from conventional wisdom as most scholars and graduate students draw upon ideas from only one of the three domains focal in the book and usually from one single or dominant theoretical frame. Typically, readers will affiliate with reading education, mathematics education, or learning disabilities and belong to one of the corresponding professional associations such as IRA, NCTM, or CLD. This book's scope will open a scholarly forum for engaging readers with a familiarity with one of these domains while providing insight into the others on offer in the book.

Signs of Change: Assessment Past, Present and Future Another Time, Another Place...Examinations Then and Now In the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, Vietnam, a series of stone stelae records the names of the handful of illustrious examination candidates who, in each century, passed the national examination to become a Doctor of Literature. Beginning in the 11thcentury, theexamswereconductedpersonallybysuccessivekingswhopursued Confucian ideals that found expression in the enormous value placed on the pursuit of wisdom and learning. In the 21st century we are both puzzled and impressed by this tradition. Puzzled by such an explicit commitment to a meritocracy in an essentially feudal society; impressed by this enthusiasm for learning and the pursuit of wisdom at the highest level of society. Yet, there are also important similarities between the 11th and 21st centuries. Then, as now, assessment was associated with excellence, high standards, pr- tige and competition-success for the chosen few; disappointment for the majority. Then, as now, the pursuit of excellence was embedded in a social context that favoured the elite and determined success in terms of the predilections of the p- erful. Then, as now, the purpose of the assessment, the way it was conducted and its impact on society all re ected the social and economic priorities of the day