Proteins are exposed to various interfacial stresses during drug product development. They are subjected to air-liquid, liquid-solid, and, sometimes, liquid-liquid interfaces throughout the development cycle-from manufacturing of drug substances to storage and drug delivery. Unlike small molecule drugs, proteins are typically unstable at interfaces where, on adsorption, they often denature and form aggregates, resulting in loss of efficacy and potential immunogenicity. This book covers both the fundamental aspects of proteins at interfaces and the quantification of interfacial behaviors of proteins. Importantly, this book introduces the industrial aspects of protein instabilities at interfaces, including the processes that introduce new interfaces, evaluation of interfacial instabilities, and mitigation strategies. The audience that this book targets encompasses scientists in the pharmaceutical and biotech industry, as well as faculty and students from academia in the surface science, pharmaceutical, and medicinal chemistry areas.

Proteins are exposed to various interfacial stresses during drug product development. They are subjected to air-liquid, liquid-solid, and, sometimes, liquid-liquid interfaces throughout the development cycle-from manufacturing of drug substances to storage and drug delivery. Unlike small molecule drugs, proteins are typically unstable at interfaces where, on adsorption, they often denature and form aggregates, resulting in loss of efficacy and potential immunogenicity. This book covers both the fundamental aspects of proteins at interfaces and the quantification of interfacial behaviors of proteins. Importantly, this book introduces the industrial aspects of protein instabilities at interfaces, including the processes that introduce new interfaces, evaluation of interfacial instabilities, and mitigation strategies. The audience that this book targets encompasses scientists in the pharmaceutical and biotech industry, as well as faculty and students from academia in the surface science, pharmaceutical, and medicinal chemistry areas.

Prof. Dr. Egon Krause Aerodynamisches Institut, RWTH Aachen Wiillnerstr. 5 u. 7, D-52062 Aachen Prof. Dr. Willi Jager Interdisziplinares Zentrum fiir Wissenschaftliches Rechnen Universitat Heidelberg 1m Neuenheimer Feld 368, D-69120 Heidelberg High Performance Computing is progressing as a discipline providing im- portant tools for research and development in science and industry. The High- Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) is not only providing the facilities, hard- and software for a growing community of researchers and developers, but it also promotes the know-how to use supercomputers effi- ciently. Regular exchange of information, of ideas and methods is essential in improving the proper use of the facilities,and their performance as well as the application of algorithms and of simulation techniques. A Second Result and Review Workshop on High-Performance Computing in Science and Engineering, (October 4 -6,1999) was organized by the HLRS in order to give an overview of the scientific work carried out during the past year and to demonstrate the state of the art in the various fields. In 1998 the Land Baden-Wiirttemberg decided to extend the responsibilities of the Steering Committee of the HLRS and therewith also the rules of access to its Scientific Supercomputing Center (SSC) Karlsruhe. That center was recently upgraded with the IBM RS 6000 SP, thereby significantly increasing the attractivity of the two centers, since the joint portfolio of computer- architectures now covers most of the application-profile of their users.

An overview of recent developments in high performance computing and simulation, with special emphasis on the industrial relevance of the presented results and methods. The book showcases an innovative combination of the state-of-the-art modeling, novel numerical algorithms and the use of leading-edge high-performance computing systems.

The IUTAM Symposium on Three-dimensional Turbulent Boundary Layers was suggested by the Gesellschaft fur Angewandte Mathe- matik (GAMM) and sponsored by the International Union of theor- etical and Applied Mechanics. The symposium was organized by H.H. Fernholz (Hermann-Fottinger-Institut fur Thermo- und Fluiddynamik der Technischen Universitat Berlin) and E. Krause (Aerodynamisches Institut der RWTH Aachen). After two success- ful Euromech Colloquia on the same topic in Berlin 1972 and Trondheim 1975 the organizers felt that another meeting should be convened, this time with participants from inside and out- side Europe. The aim of the symposium has been to bring together scientists who are actively engaged in boundary layer research, both ex- perimental and theoretical. The scope of the meeting encompass- ed incompressible and compressible three-dimensional turbulent boundary layers. Special emphasis was laid on economical cal- culation methods, on measurements of fluctuating quantities and on measuring techniques designed for and applied success- fully to three-dimensional boundary layers. From among thirty-four papers submitted for presentation, twenty- six contributions of twenty-five minutes each were selected by the European mernbers of the Scientific Committee. Furthermore there were four invited lectures of forty-five minutes. Short discussions were held directly after each presentation with a long discussion period at the end of each day. The final dis- cussion on the last day of the symposium was recorded on tape and is presented in a slightly shortened version as the last contribution in this volume.

Die Uberarbeitung fur die 10. deutschsprachige Auflage von Hermann Schlichtings Standardwerk wurde wiederum von Klaus Gersten geleitet, der schon die umfassende Neuformulierung der 9. Auflage vorgenommen hatte. Es wurden durchgangig Aktualisierungen vorgenommen, aber auch das Kapitel 15 von Herbert Oertel jr. neu bearbeitet. Das Buch gibt einen umfassenden Uberblick uber den Einsatz der Grenzschicht-Theorie in allen Bereichen der Stromungsmechanik. Dabei liegt der Schwerpunkt bei den Umstromungen von Korpern (z.B. Flugzeugaerodynamik).

Das Buch wird wieder den Studenten der Stromungsmechanik wie auch Industrie-Ingenieuren ein unverzichtbarer Partner unerschopflicher Informationen sein."

Von welchen personbezogenen und situativen Rahmenbedingungen hangen Kreativitat, Innovation und Entrepreneurship ab? Welche Charakteristika und Prozesse sind zu berucksichtigen, um individuelle Kreativitat in Teaminnovation munden zu lassen? In welcher Weise koennen Fuhrung und Promotoren Innovationen unterstutzen? Welche Rolle spielt Diversity im Rahmen von Innovation und Entrepreneurship? Von welchen kulturellen Wertorientierungen und -praktiken hangt die Innovativitat eines Landes ab?

In der Auseinandersetzung mit der Generierung und Implementierung von Verfahrensinnovationen wurden die kognitiv-emotionalen Bedingungen der Innovativitat bisher vernachlassigt; Konzeptionen des Fuhrungsverhaltens bieten keine zufriedenstellenden Loesungen. Diana E. Krause entwickelt ein verhaltenswissenschaftliches Modell, das den Innovationserfolg durch innovationsbezogene Verhaltensweisen von Fuhrungskraften erklart. An die Stelle traditioneller Fuhrungsstilkonzeptionen treten die Kategorien Einflussnahme und Machtausubung sowie Vertrauen und Misstrauen. Eine umfangreiche branchenubergreifende Untersuchung von Fuhrungskraften aus verschiedenen deutschen Organisationen dient der UEberprufung des Modells. Die 2. Auflage wurde durchgesehen und korrigiert.

Night fighting is one competency in which the United States possesses global superiority. After witnessing the devastating effect of twenty-four hour flight operations during Operation DESERT STORM, many tacticians now promote initiating offensive air combat operations at night to exploit our apparent advantage over potential adversaries. Understanding how the United States reached the critical jump in military effectiveness through the application of night air combat technologies is critical to project future military revolutions based on technical innovations. Although previous wars and conflicts have had limited night aerial operations, it is possible to detect a revolutionary shift in the effectiveness of night air combat and in the frequency of night airpower employment. This paper explores the development and non-linear maturation process of night air combat, examining this capability with regard to the theory of the military technical revolution (MTR). An investigation of the MTR concept begins this study, followed by a historic review of night air combat. Finally, this paper links theory and history to provide conclusions. Night air combat, as a specialized type of combat in which the United States military retains a distinct advantage due to technology, training, and application, fits the characteristics of MTR theory-and is part of the continuing greater Revolution in Military Affairs.

This study examines the question: What strategic approach should the United States Air Force (USAF) take toward theater missile defense (TMD) and antimissile offensive actions in the near term? This study begins with an introductory chapter asking the stated question in context, presenting the methodology used, and summarizing the proposals given at the end of the treatment. The methodological approach to this study involves historical and literature reviews, interviews, and a qualitative comparison of current and proposed weapons systems, capabilities, and doctrine. Broad strategic options, not specific tactical systems, are the focus of this study.