Etruscan architecture underwent various changes between the later Iron Age and the Archaic period (c. 800-500 BC), as seen in the evidence from several sites. These changes affected the design and style of domestic architecture as well as the use of raw materials and construction techniques. However, based on a supposed linear progression from inferior to superior building materials, explanations and interpretations often portray an architectural transition in Etruria from 'prehistoric' to 'historic' building types. This perspective has encouraged a rather deterministic, overly simplified and inequitable view of the causes of change in which the replacement of traditional materials with new ones is thought to have been the main factor. This book aims to reconsider the nature of architectural changes in this period by focussing on the building materials and techniques used in the construction of domestic structures. Through a process of identification and interpretation using comparative analysis and an approach based on the chaine operatoire perspective, changes in building materials and techniques are examined, with special reference to four key sites: San Giovenale, Acquarossa, Poggio Civitate (Murlo) and Lago dell'Accesa. It is argued that changes occurred in neither a synchronous nor a linear way, but separately and at irregular intervals. In this monograph, they are interpreted as resulting mainly from multigenerational habitual changes, reflecting the relationship between human behaviour and the built and natural environments, rather than choices between old and new materials. Moreover, despite some innovations, certain traditional building techniques and their associated materials continued into the Archaic period, indicating that Etruscan domestic architecture did not undergo a complete transformation, as sometimes asserted or implied in other works. This study of building techniques and materials, while not rejecting the widely held view of a significant Etruscan architectural transition, argues for a more nuanced reading of the evidence and greater recognition of the nature of behavioural change during the period in question.

Lillenas has been supplying churches and Sunday Schools with graded Christmas recitations, exercises, and easy to stage short play scripts in this Program Builder series for over 50 years. This 49th year's edition is up to par, and full of practical and very usable resources. Compiled by PAUL M. MILLER. Nonroyalty Permission to make photocopies of program builders is granted when three copies of the same book have been purchased.

(Lillenas Publications). Eight dramas and other program material for children, youth, and adults. The purchase of four copies gives the purchaser permission to make photocopies for the cast and crew.

A how-to book on one of the most popular topics in church drama today. This invaluable resource includes details on staging dinner theatre and how to produce an effective community outreach for the local church. This book is the only one of its kind and is highly profitable reading for pastors and all people interested in evangelism.

(Lillenas Publications). Collection of recitations, responsive readings, monologues, play sketches, and programs for the creative program planner. Intended to be used by senior adults to a general audience. Permission to make photocopies of program builders is granted when three copies of the same book have been purchased.

(Lillenas Publications). An innovative collection of scripts, arranged scripture, theatre related homilies, and the like. Acts of Worship is ideal for group devotional times at rehearsals, weekly meetings, or for any occasion that requires a devotional or special feature that is out of the ordinary.