This authoritative commentary examines the new Vienna Rules and the Austrian Arbitration Act that both came into effect on 1 July 2006 as the result of a major reform. Following a call for modernization, this reform has further enhanced the attraction of Austria as an arbitral seat and has reinforced the importance of the Centre for parties seeking to resolve international commercial disputes. While the Rules themselves have become widely known among lawyers and arbitrators, there has been no significant commentary or guidance available until the advent of this book. Set out as an article-by-article commentary, the authors' expert guidance proceeds in conformance with international practice, reconciling approaches adopted in both common law and civil law traditions. Within this enormously valuable international perspective, the book provides in depth coverage of all details of arbitral procedure under the Vienna Rules and Austrian arbitration law, including: - validity of arbitration agreement and jurisdictional disputes; - appointment, rights and duties of arbitrators; - liability of arbitrators; - multiparty proceedings; - challenge of arbitrators and experts; - treatment of counter-claims; - interim measures of protection; - settlements and awards; and - costs and fees in arbitration. The book provides the reader with a framework, and specific instruments, to negotiate arbitrations effectively and ensure that the process remains predictable, expeditious and fair. Drawing on extensive research into the practice of the International Arbitral Centre in Vienna, as well as on case law, academic writing, and the Act's legislative history, this book will be of great value to corporate counsel, international lawyers, and arbitrators, as well as to students of dispute resolution.

The book is a brief journey through centuries and jurisdictions and expands on examples of enactment practices of states that support, challenge or even reject communication during pending litigations. England, as the main representative of a jurisdiction, suggests communication solutions potentially different than the practice in the United States where litigation communication first time occurred. Accordingly, the author offers a comprehensive analysis and detailed historical narrative of the positions of various jurisdictions in relation to communication in the legal process. As a kind of applied legal history, the book provides an exploration of historical events that were significant in a legal communication context and addresses their implications for modern enactments. The account looks at the history of regulations to allow a better understanding of the strict rules that have often been cited over the years support or restrict communication in the legal process. The author provides the reader with proper contexts on different judicial and communication considerations, as well as the collaboration of legal and public relations experts, in a particular form of crisis and reputation management, in the litigation process. As such, this book is an attempt to present an accurate and thoughtful account of the theory and history of litigation communication, which is directly relevant in various debates such as the work on the meaning and context of the Contempt of Court Act in England or the American First and Sixth Amendments in different centuries.

This innovative book proposes a fundamental rethink of the consensual foundation of arbitration and argues that it should become the default mode of resolution in international commercial disputes. The book first discusses the most important arguments against this proposal and responds to them. In particular, it addresses the issue of the legitimacy of arbitrators and the compatibility of the idea with guarantees afforded by European human rights law and US constitutional law. The book then presents several models of non-consensual arbitration that could be implemented to afford neutral adjudication in disputes between parties originating from different jurisdictions' to offer an additional alternative forum in the doctrine of forum non conveniens or to save judicial costs. The first dedicated exploration into the groundbreaking concept of default arbitration, Rethinking International Commercial Arbitration will appeal to scholars, students and practitioners in arbitration and international litigation.

This book offers an analysis of the current trends and developments in Nordic civil litigation and is divided into four main parts. In the first part a picture of the current civil litigation landscape is provided by focusing on whether there is a truly Nordic form of civil litigation, the current state of Nordic civil litigation, the recent major reforms of civil procedure legislation and the effects of Europeanization. In the second part, the way rules on court-connected mediation have been implemented and practiced in the Nordic countries is discussed. The authors offer their insights on why court-connected mediation has not been fully embraced by Nordic lawyers and the Nordic approach to this type of mediation is contrasted with the Austrian and German approaches. In the third part, recent developments affecting access to justice in the Nordic countries are discussed. Among the topics are changes in legal aid schemes, the impact of recent civil procedure law reforms, hindrances for larger companies to use litigation as a method of dispute resolution and differences in costs and delays. Additionally, Alternative Dispute Resolution and Class or Group Actions are explored as methods to enhance access to justice. The potential adverse effects of Alternative Dispute Resolution and Group Actions are also examined, both in a Nordic and European context. In the final part, conclusions are drawn from both historical and future-oriented perspectives.

Prized by practitioners since the first edition appeared in 1998, "Dispute Resolution in Asia" provides a much wider spectrum of Asian laws and approaches to dispute resolution than is traditional in comparative studies. It examines arbitration, litigation, and mediation in thirteen countries, with detailed practical essays each written by a senior lawyer with vast knowledge and experience of dispute resolution in his or her own country. Contributions vary in style and content and thus reflect the diversity of legal systems and cultures in Asia. The third edition of this popular book has been expanded by the inclusion of a chapter on Korea and a discussion of investment treaty arbitrations. All chapters have been revised and updated to incorporate recent developments, such as the enactment of relevant new legislation in Malaysia. Statistics on arbitration centres in Asia are also included. As a comprehensive practical guide to the practice and procedure of dispute resolution in the important trading countries of Asia, this book will be of great value to corporate counsel and international lawyers and business people, as well as to students of dispute resolution.

This book investigates the tensions between EU law and international commercial arbitration, i.e. tensions between two phenomena at opposite ends of the public to private ordering continuum. It focuses on the Commercial Agents Directive's regime for indemnity and compensation as one of the most frequent source of these tensions. To mitigate the consequential problems, the book proposes and describes a comprehensive framework for a preferable system of reviewing arbitration agreements and arbitral awards. To this end, it explores the prerequisites of this system through comparative legal analysis of the German, Belgian, French and English systems of review, an assessment of the observable aspects of arbitral practice, game theoretical analysis of the arbitral process, and microeconomic analysis of the cross-border market for commercial agency.

After its failure to bring an end to the Balkan wars of the 1990s, the European Union has worked hard to close the infamous 'capabilities-expectations gap' in the field of the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP). In a very short timeframe, the EU agreed to the following: the institution of new political and military bodies; peculiar structures and procedures to ensure political guidance and strategic direction; principles for consultation and cooperation with non-European allies and other international organisations such as the UN and NATO; measures to enhance the Union's military and civilian capabilities; and the adoption of an acquis securitaire, including a European Security Strategy. The most striking manifestation and raison d'etre of the ESDP is the European Union's capacity to move beyond the paper security structures and back its diplomatic efforts by action on the ground. With the launching of more than twenty ESDP operations in barely five years' time, the EU has affirmed its operational capacity in ESDP. While most of the early ESDP missions were fairly successful, they have also revealed shortfalls, bottlenecks as well as broader issues in crisis management. In this book, prominent academics and leading practitioners explore this wide variety of policy and legal aspects of ESDP and present the lessons which should be taken to heart now that the EU is facing its 'maturity test' as an international crisis manager in high-risk theatres around the world. The book will be an important tool for decision-makers, officials and academics involved in the further development of ESDP. Its contents incorporate the text and potential effects of the Lisbon Treaty and the ECJ's judgment in the Small and Light Weapons/ECOWAS case. Dr Steven Blockmans is a Senior Research Fellow in EU law and Deputy Head of Research at the T.M.C. Asser Instituut, The Hague.

This publication succeeds previously published seminars of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law (Heidelberg, Germany) dealing with evolving principles and new developments in international law. Due to the limits of traditional dispute settlement in international law and the ongoing scholarly debate on those limits, it focuses on possible innovations and functional approaches to improve international dispute settlement mechanisms. In doing so, it covers a wide variety of topics such as procedures of the WTO, advisory opinions of international courts and tribunals, the privatization of international dispute settlement, the interaction between counsels and international courts and tribunals, and the law-making function of international courts. The aim of this publication is to contribute to the cross-fertilization between these mechanisms and to offer creative impulses for the promotion of international dispute settlement.

This book investigates how a North African solar thermal power plant can be set up under the guidance of European investors (e.g. the Desertec Concept) as a Public Private Partnership (PPP). It outlines the importance of early awareness of contract-related risks, investment risks and dispute settlement, arguing that commercial and investment arbitration are the best tools for settling disputes regarding a large-scale solar thermal project. Furthermore, by comparing institutional and ad hoc arbitration, it shows that the former offers highly suitable support. The latest developments in the area of investment arbitration under EU law and the general acceptance of arbitration in Islamic countries are examined in particular. This book also demonstrates that a solar thermal power plant must meet certain requirements to be considered an investment. These requirements are examined in relation to Art. 25 of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes Convention (ICSID Convention) and respective case law. Overall, the book offers valuable guidelines for investors and host states on how to successfully implement large-scale solar thermal projects.

In this second edition of Samir Saleh's major work on commercial arbitration in the Arab Middle East, the basic format has been maintained, while the author, drawing upon his intimate knowledge of the region and considerable practical experience as an arbitrator, has completely revised and updated the book so that it offers a fully modern account of domestic commercial arbitration practice, with an international dimension, under the sharia and in Syria, Lebanon and Egypt. The first part of the book, dealing with sharia, continues to draw on the four major sources of sharia, with illustrations taken from the four main Sunni schools that have influenced its development. This part underpins all the remaining chapters which deal in turn with different national systems, building on the discussion by reference to local statutes, judicial precedents and commentaries. Detailed analysis of law and practice is supported by extensive footnoting, guidance on further reading, and insights into the prevailing business practices within each country. For practising lawyers and arbitrators a feature which will be particularly welcome is the inclusion of up-to-date discussion of practice and procedure for the execution and enforcement of domestic and foreign awards, and the legal pitfalls awaiting the unwary. The new edition has also been considerably amplified to include international aspects of arbitration as reflected in judicial decisions and academic commentary in each territory.

This book comprehensively examines various issues regarding the scope of Most-Favoured Nation (MFN) Clauses in International Investment Agreements (IIAs), and addresses the reform, interpretation, and enforcement of IIAs with a specific focus on the MFN clause. The book begins with a study of the history and evolution of the MFN. It then presents a substantive analysis focusing on the drafting style and how it affects the scope of the MFN; rules of interpretation and arbitral case law on the scope of the MFN, procedural prerequisites to arbitration and jurisdiction of arbitral tribunals, and the implications of adopting an expansive approach to the MFN clause. The book's argument centres on the need for arbitral tribunals to interpret the MFN in a manner that reflects the expressed intent of the parties. This requires taking into consideration the text of the MFN, its purpose, and the overall context of the IIA, rather than relying on values and assumptions that have nothing to do with the original intent of the parties. In making this argument, the book draws on Articles 31 and 32 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and other interpretative rules. What sets the book apart is its comprehensive coverage of issues concerning the interpretation and application of the MFN in IIAs. At the same time, it addresses issues in connection with an expansive interpretation of MFN clauses, as well as concerns regarding the legitimacy crisis in investor-state arbitration. Accordingly, it contributes to future Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) reform, while also offering a wealth of theoretical and practical insights for future treaty drafters, arbitrators, and policymakers.

This book offers a series of commentaries on noteworthy arbitral awards and court decisions on arbitration. All contributions focus on the practice of arbitration. Influential authors with proven arbitration experience share their insights on celebrated and less well-known cases, drawn from various countries, various arbitration institutions and including both commercial and investment arbitration. This collection of essays celebrates the work and scholarship of Hans van Houtte, who has been a professor of international commercial arbitration at the University of Leuven for more than 20 years. In addition to his widely -praised contribution to the theory of arbitration, Professor Van Houtte has built a long career in the practice of arbitration, presiding over a vast array of arbitral tribunals and holding appointments to international tribunals, most recently as president of the Iran-US Claims Tribunal. Hans van Houtte has always been concerned with the practical usefulness of scholarly writings, and this book respects this approach. This volume will prove essential for all arbitration practitioners and will also be of great interest also to academics and research students with an interest in international arbitration.

Arbitrations involving more than two parties and complex multicontractual issues represent more than one third of international arbitration cases, and this proportion increases every year. The difficult and specific issues raised by such arbitrations have been the object of abundant case law, derived from both arbitral tribunals and national courts, as well as doctrinal writings. This thorough and up-to-date guide to this area of practice - the first and only such guide available - provides a comprehensive analysis of all the issues arising from multiparty-multicontract arbitrations, including those involving States and groups of companies. The numerous factors and problems analysed in depth include the following: theories on the basis of which courts and arbitral tribunals determine who are parties to the arbitration clause; whether an arbitration clause may be extended to non-signatories; to what extent one can bring to a single arbitration proceeding the various parties who have participated in a single economic transaction through several contracts; whether a respondent can join other defendants to the arbitration, be they privy to the arbitration agreement or third parties; whether a party to a complex contractual structure can intervene voluntarily in the proceedings; and under what conditions separate arbitration proceedings may be consolidated. It also analyses: how and to what extent one can overcome the inconveniences that arise from having several parallel proceedings; appointment of arbitrators when the various parties to the dispute have divergent interests; res judicata, and in particular whether an arbitral tribunal should take into consideration an arbitral award rendered in a connected arbitration arising from the same project; and enforcement of multiparty-multicontract awards. The author proposes concrete solutions to these problems, and also offers the first analysis of the special issues raised by the latest development in international arbitration, class actions. Features of particular value to the practitioner include in-depth analysis of more than a hundred and twenty ad hoc and institutional awards rendered under the auspices of the ICC and other institutions; analysis of relevant national case law based on nearly 200 court decisions from the United States, France, Switzerland, England, Australia, Canada, Belgium and other countries; and appendices specifying multiparty-multicontract arbitration clauses, provisions of international conventions, national legislations and institutional rules, and institutional rules on class arbitrations. Corporate counsel, international arbitrators, and lawyers having to deal with multiparty-multicontract disputes will find this book of immeasurable value in their day-to-day work. Law professors and students of dispute resolution have here a unique consideration of an increasingly salient aspect of current international practice.

The Yearbook of International Sports Arbitration is the first academic publication aiming to offer comprehensive coverage, on a yearly basis, of the most recent and salient developments regarding international sports arbitration, through a combination of general articles and case notes. The present volume covers decisions rendered by the Court of arbitration for Sport (CAS) and national courts in 2016. It is a must-have for sports lawyers and arbitrators, as well as researchers engaged in this field. It provides in-depth articles on burning issues raised by international sports arbitration, and independent commentaries by esteemed academics and seasoned practitioners on the most important decisions of the year by the CAS and national courts. Dr. Antoine Duval is Senior Researcher for International and European Sports Law at the T.M.C. Asser Instituut in The Hague. He holds a Ph.D. on the interaction between Lex Sportiva and EU Law from the European University Institute in Florence. Prof. Antonio Rigozzi teaches international arbitration and sports law at the University of Neuchatel, Switzerland, and is the partner in charge of the sports arbitration practice at Levy Kaufmann-Kohler, a Geneva-based law firm specializing in international arbitration.

The law persists because people have reasons to comply with its rules. What characterizes those reasons is their interdependence: each of us only has a reason to comply because he or she expects the others to comply for the same reasons. The rules may help us to solve coordination problems, but the interaction patterns regulated by them also include Prisoner's Dilemma games, Division problems and Assurance problems. In these "games" the rules can only persist if people can be expected to be moved by considerations of fidelity and fairness, not only of prudence.
This book takes a fresh look at the perennial problems of legal philosophy - the source of obligation to obey the law, the nature of authority, the relationship between law and morality, and the nature of legal argument - from the perspective of this conventionalist understanding of social rules. It argues that, since the resilience of such rules depends on cooperative dispositions, conventionalism, properly understood, does not imply positivism.

A group of scholars in the area of civil procedure discuss the fundamental emerging problem concerning the abuse of procedural rights. The main features of this problem, such as: the theoretical and moral implication of procedural abuses, the subjects who may commit them, the typologies of abusive practices, the consequences and analytical perspective. The emergence and the legal characters of these issues are studied with reference to a large number of systems. A comparative framework is provided by the general and final reports.

This book discusses how UNIDROIT principles are viewed and interpreted in different countries, presenting various perspectives and practical lessons learned. It also offers a detailed analysis of the use of the UNIDROIT principles to interpret and supplement domestic contract law. Written by experts in the field, it provides insights into how the principles are being used and applied in their respective countries. The findings are also summarized in a General Report that was presented at the 20th IACL General Congress in Fukuoka, Japan.

With the Arbitration Act of 2006, Austria consolidates its emerging role as a seat for arbitration proceedings affecting Central and Eastern Europe. Based to a significant extent on the UNCITRAL Model Law, which is fast becoming an international standard, Austria's new law is applicable in any proceedings involving parties from any country. Assembled with detailed commentary in footnotes by Christoph Liebscher, a leading Austrian arbitration specialist and a member of the committee that drafted the law, this definitive presentation of the Austrian Arbitration Act of 2006 provides all of the following: text and notes in four languages - English, Russian, French, and German - so as many readers as possible can study the legislation in their own language; concise footnotes to nearly every article, offering easy-to-follow applications, examples, and clarifications; and a wealth of general information useful for non-specialists who must advise on the drafting of arbitration agreements. This book will be of great practical value to arbitration practitioners, to international business people and their counsel, as well as to academics in arbitration and international trade law, especially in the context of Central and Eastern Europe.

The Netherlands Arbitration Institute (NAI) is the most prestigious institute in the Netherlands for the arbitration of commercial disputes. While NAI arbitration is the dispute resolution mechanism of choice of many Dutch corporations and public entities, it is increasingly agreed on by foreign parties selecting the Netherlands as a neutral venue for their potential disputes. This excellent volume, a rule-by-rule guide to the NAI Arbitration Rules, is not only the first such handbook in English, but the most comprehensive and detailed in any language. In addition, it provides a unique commentary in English on important elements of Dutch arbitration law. Drawing on case law from arbitral tribunals and state courts and on extensive personal experience, members of the arbitration team of the Dutch law firm De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V. provide in-depth commentary on each provision of the NAI Arbitration Rules and on arbitration-related court proceedings in the Netherlands under the Dutch Arbitration Act. Focusing on disputes arising from (among others) share purchase agreements, joint venture agreements, licence agreements, franchise agreements, finance agreements, contractor agreements, distribution agreements, and agreements for the sale of goods, the analysis covers such crucial factors of the NAI system as the following: * the use of the list procedure for the appointment of arbitrators; * the central role of the Administrator; * the Dutch concept of binding advice; * contractual relationships and exclusion of liability; * the separability of the arbitration agreement; * freedom in determining and applying rules of evidence; * the mechanisms for parties to seek relief in summary arbitration proceedings; * costs of arbitration; and * the arbitral award, including the possibility of rectifying , supplementing and setting aside this award. The provision-by-provision analysis also compares the NAI Rules with both relevant proceedings in the Dutch state courts and, inter alia, ICC and UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules and to practice under such other rules. The authors of this matchless book have faced many questions on the NAI Arbitration Rules, advised on the interpretation and correct application of those Rules, and defended such interpretation before tribunals and courts. In this book they share their experience, insights, and expertise. Counsel for corporate clients and public entities contemplating arbitration proceedings - as well as counsel to parties in NAI proceedings or related court proceedings - will find here an incomparable guide to the NAI system and Dutch arbitration law.