This detailed volume and accompanying CD-ROM focus on the set electronic transaction (SET) system and review the fundamentals through to practical instruction on how to develop and implement the entire SET system. Topics addressed include: electronic commerce and the various payment and security systems that have led to online credit card commerce; cryptographic extensions utilized by the SET system; and the technical details behind SET, from purchase initiation, through certificate management, to data transport protocols. Actual programming examples and computer code to construct and roll out the SET system are also included. The book should be of interest to business executives as well as engineers.

This edited volume showcases how the European cooperative banks have continued to evolve amid a new competitive scenario that resulted from the Global Financial Crisis started in Europe in 2008. The cooperative banking paradigm has been put under an unprecedented pressure as a consequence of factors such as the exceptionally low interest rates set by the European Central Bank, low profitability generated by traditional banking services-which are the backbone of the cooperative banking business-and the entrance of fintech companies into the banking market. Furthermore, tightening regulation since the beginning of the crisis has produced an increased capital and liquidity burden which in some cases have forced cooperative banks to reduce lending to their members and customers, putting under question the traditional countercyclical role of cooperative banks in periods of crisis. For these reasons, it is of the utmost value to observe and analyse how cooperative banks have been reacting in the attempt to preserve their unique business model and, at the same time, to keep providing credit to the economy. A number of scholars active in the cooperative banking sector have been involved in this edited volume as contributors.

Banking entities have significant involvement and impact on the structure of a nation's economy. By utilizing the proper strategies and available data, banks can act as an effective financial instrument for economic enhancement. Examining the Role of National Promotional Banks in the European Economy: Global Insights and Implications is a pivotal reference source for the latest perspectives on the performance and evaluation of National Promotional Banks (NPBs) within European economic contexts and their impact on social welfare. Featuring relevant coverage across innovative topics, such as funding, productivity, and financial structure indicators, this publication is ideally designed for professionals, academics, graduate students, and practitioners seeking investigations on the European NPB business model.

This book gathers selected papers presented at the International Scientific Conference "Economics in the Changing World," held on June 26-27, 2018 at the Institute of Management, Economics and Finance of Kazan Federal University (Kazan, Russia). The conference featured contributions by leading specialists in the field of management, territorial development, and state, regional and municipal management, covering the modern trends in the development of economic complexes and firms, economics of innovative processes, social policy, financial analysis, and mathematical methods in economic research. The book highlights new approaches for the development of various sectors of the Russian economy and individual markets, as well as for the efficiency of entrepreneurship in general. It also analyzes the concept, meaning and directions of the socio-economic development of the regional subjects in the Russian Federation. The scientific studies included make a significant contribution to the development of entrepreneurship, regional management, rationalization and optimization of resource use, state territorial administration, and sustainable economic growth in the regions and the transport infrastructure.

The Bank Director's Handbook is a comprehensive guide that enables directors - and bankers - to meet the challenges of the financial services industry and to fulfill the legal and regulatory requirements facing them. In-depth technical knowledge of the markets, the industry, and the myriad regulations that surround them is more important than ever before. The Bank Director's Handbook provides bank directors and bank management with the tools they need to fulfill their duties. The Bank Director's Handbook includes coverage of profitability and performance issues; a director's view of internal controls; development of bank marketing strategy; asset/liability management and the effects of interest rate risk; a comprehensive review of portfolio instruments, including derivatives; lending issues; legal risks and obligations; and working within the new regulatory framework. The Bank Director's Handbook enables bank management and directors to master the challenge of a safe, sound and profitable institution, while dealing with the requirements and obligations that are unique to the board.

The success as well as the recent misfortunes of the post-war Japanese economy has been one of the most debated points in economics. Many explanations focus on cultural and institutional factors, and in particular the role of "Informality" in networks organizing business activity and government policy. This book provides the first quantitative and qualitative assessment of Informality in the formation of Japanese monetary policy. The author spent two years at the Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies at the Bank of Japan and the Japanese Ministry of Finance and offers a unique "insider-outsider" perspective.

This book reviews banking internationalization by considering the new paradigms of globalization. The author primarily analyses why and how banks internationalize through equity deals, and the effect of regulation and market integration on the formation of deals, which allows authorities to manage the banking structure. This is a unique work that describes the relevance of the ownership model and cultural features of the partners and the key factors that help in choosing the market in which the banks bring activities abroad. The book addresses market characteristics, and new scenarios that should impact banks' internationalization strategies and ability to achieve success in deals that capture the attention of both researchers and practitioners.

This book examines the role of Deutsche Bank, Germany's largest commercial bank, during the Nazi dictatorship, and asks how the bank changed and accommodated to a transition from democracy and a market economy to dictatorship and a planned economy. Set against the background of the world depression and the German banking crisis of 1931, the book looks at the restructuring of German banking and offers new material on the bank's expansion in central and eastern Europe. As well as summarizing recent research on the bank's controversial role in gold transactions and the financing of the construction of Auschwitz, the book also examines the role played by particular personalities in the development of the bank, such as Emil Georg von Strauss and Hermann Abs.

The financial crises that began unexpectedly in Southeast Asia in 1997 spread rapidly around the globe, causing banks to fail, stock markets to plummet, and other newsmaking disruptions. Gup and his contributors examine these failures and crises in the main arenas where they occurred--Thailand, Indonesia, South Korea, Russia, Argentina--and provide some important answers to the critical questions these frightening events raised. The result is a readable, easily grasped study of issues relating to bank failure and the effectiveness of bank regulation, and important reading for academics and practitioners alike.

In July 1997 Thailand devalued its currency. This one event sparked financial crises that spread with astonishing speed from Southeast Asia around the world to Russia. Even in the United States and South America the impact was felt. Southeast Asia had been considered a model--in fact a miracle--of economic growth. No one foresaw the crises that soon occurred there, and the severity and contagion of these crises raised questions globally: What happened? Why? And what can we do about it? Gup and his contributors offer some answers to these critical questions.

Gup and his panel finally conclude that government actions were at the root of these crises. Banks were pawns in the hands of governments, and banks helped fuel the booms that ultimately burst, booms supported by investments from other countries around the world, not incidentally. Gup goes on to lay out other provocative questions, among them: How effective are bank regulations? And how do we resolve failed and insolvent banks? The result is an important contribution to the literature in banking, finance, investment, and the role government plays in these activities--a book not only for academics but for practitioners and informed laymen as well.

Reforging the Central Bank presents an insightful comparison between financial development in China - a rising global economic superpower - under the old and new normal and an all-encapsulating study of current monetary transmission mechanism and monetary policy instruments. Focusing on the 'top-level design' for Chinese financial system and the reformation of People's Bank of China (PBoC), China's central bank, Dr Deng, head of the Fixed Income Research Department at CITIC Securities, and his team provide a deep analysis with useful suggestions and bold predictions for the central bank's new policy framework, new objectives, and new mechanisms in the future.As such, the carefully presented analysis of this book will be of value to researchers and curious readers who are interested in understanding of China's - a rising global economic superpower - future financial development environment.

Across the world, HSBC likes to sell itself as 'the world's local bank', the friendly face of corporate and personal finance. And yet, a decade ago, the same bank was hit with a record US fine of $1.9 billion for facilitating money laundering for 'drug kingpins and rogue nations'. In pursuit of their goal of becoming the biggest bank in the world, between 2003 to 2010, HSBC allowed El Chapo and the Sinaloa cartel, one of the most notorious and murderous criminal organizations in the world, to turn its ill-gotten money into clean dollars and thereby grow one of the deadliest drugs empires the world has ever seen. Just how did 'the world's local bank' find itself enabling Mexico's leading drugs cartel, and the biggest drugs trafficking organization in the world, to launder cash through the bank's branch network and systems? How did a bank, which boasts 'we're committed to helping protect the world's financial system on which millions of people depend, by only doing business with customers who meet our high standards of transparency' come to facilitate Mexico's richest drug baron? And how did a bank that as recently as 2002 had been named 'one of the best-run organizations in the world' become so entwined with such a criminal, with one of the most barbaric groups of gangsters on the planet? Too Big to Jail is an extraordinary story brilliantly told by writer, commentator and former editor of The Independent, Chris Blackhurst, that starts in Hong Kong and ranges across London, Washington, the Cayman Islands and Mexico, where HSBC saw the opportunity to become the largest bank in the world, and El Chapo seized the chance to fuel his murderous empire by laundering his drug proceeds through the bank. It brings together an extraordinary cast of politicians, bankers, drug dealers, FBI officers and whistle-blowers, and asks what price does greed have? Whose job is it to police global finance? And why did not a single person go to prison for facilitating the murderous expansion of a global drug empire? Are some corporations now so big as to be above the law?

Given the propensity of the world financial system to crisis, this work explores the radical alternative put forward by Islamic (and western) theories of non-interest banking. The Islamic critique of interest and early experiments with non-interest banking are assessed against the conventional theories regarding banking, company finance and macroeconomic stability. Whilst the experience of Islamic banking has proved inconclusive thus far, the theoretical model provides a cogent alternative to a financial system made fragile by debt contracts.

The 2008 global financial crisis has illustrated the need for tighter regulations and management of banking institutions, approaching banking and money lending in a more intelligent, directed fashion. Emerging Trends in Smart Banking: Risk Management Under Basel II and III discusses some of the latest developments in banking regulations and safeguards to ensure the mitigation of risk and economic collapse. This book is a critical reference in the exploration of business frameworks to identify areas of strength and potential weaknesses, insight that will be of use to business leaders, professionals in the banking industry, and researchers and scholars in all aspects of business and accounting.

This book is the first book-length treatment of early American banking in over 40 years. During that time economic historians have offered new interpretations of several important developments in antebellum.

Holger Markmann studies covered bonds and their market behaviour upon the announcement and implementation of outright covered bond purchases by the eurosystem. After introducing the covered bond market, its reaction to the global financial crisis, and the functionality of unconventional monetary policy to a broad audience, the author analyzes the impact of these purchases. The first Covered Bond Purchase Programme (CBPP1) has lowered covered bond spreads by 3-4 basis points in the short-term, 10 basis points in the medium-term, and increased emission volumes by EURO 103 billion. CBPP2 and CBPP3 have not led to similar effects. However, the programs' effectiveness relies on the market's expectations and its prevalent health. About the Author Holger Markmann is PostDoc at the Real Estate Management Institute (REMI) of EBS Universitat fur Wirtschaft und Recht and Managing Director of a real estate investment firm. His research focuses on real estate capital market financing, bank funding, and unconventional monetary policy. Prior to his current roles, he worked for a bulge bracket investment bank, advising financial institutions on their M&A- and capital market activities.

Assuming little or no background knowledge and using original examples and exercises (with answers supplied), Understanding Phonetics provides you with an accessible introduction to the basics of phonetics and a comprehensive analysis of traditional phonetic theory - the articulation and physical characteristics of speech sounds. Examples from a wide range of languages are presented throughout using symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet. To help you develop your skills in this alphabet, Understanding Phonetics includes ear-training exercises that are freely available online, along with audio files of authentic listening material, for you to download from www.routledge.com/cw/ashby. Understanding Phonetics outlines the production of consonants, vowels, phonation types, pitch and intonation, and aspects of connected speech. Reading through chapter by chapter, you will see your knowledge develop as you engage in the step-by-step phonetic study of a selected word. Understanding Phonetics is designed to be used not only as a class textbook but also for self-study. It can be read systematically or used for reference purposes.

A compelling look at the history of offshore banking and its current applications. Revealing. Insightful. Candid.

Offshore Banking - When initially brought up, the concept probably elicits images of the Swiss Alps or the beach in the Caribbean, yet in today's global economy these fairytale-like images are not related to offshore banking at all. Behind the Offshore Veil reveals the long, prestigious history of private banking and its current applications. Serving as a detailed introduction into the complexities of the offshore world, Behind the Offshore Veil puts to rest the mainstream misconceptions over the legality of offshore banking.

Over the past two decades, the offshore market has experienced a significant increase in popularity as more individuals have begun to see the vast benefits associated with it. Now more than ever, the need to diversify offshore has become commonplace in furthering business interests while protecting personal wealth. The Banking Crisis of 2008 further affirms the need for business owners and professionals to exert greater control of their assets by bringing critical banking functions in house.

Written by two authors with a combined 30+ years in the international banking industry, Behind the Offshore Veil is a must read for individuals in the business, financial and entrepreneurial sectors; all who seek greater profit, privacy and diversification of their assets.

This book exemplifies the potential of FinTech to deliver important economic and societal gains, such as enhancing competition and financial inclusion to deliver tailored financial products and services at more affordable prices and at greater convenience. The emergence of FinTech directly challenges the business models of incumbent financial intermediaries like banks, which are adapting by developing their own FinTech offerings and partnering with FinTech and large technology firms. FinTech also constitutes both known and unknown risks to financial stability and challenges regulators to evaluate whether existing regulations are sufficient. The emergence of FinTech as a global phenomenon requires insightful cross-country analysis and different perspectives to evaluate its development and associated opportunities and challenges. This book will be of interest to practitioners, regulators and students of this essential enabling technology that is a major component of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

Banking and finance play a fundamental role in public policy and economic performance as well as in all forms of commerce and industry. They are crucial in determining whether society - from governments to individual consumers - succeeds in following an environmentally sustainable path. However, those working in the financial sector are largely unaware of the rationale and pressures for sustainable development and its bearing on their work, while those in the relevant research and policy areas commonly overlook how vital the financial sector is for progress. Marcel Jeucken sets out to rectify this state of affairs, in a style which is accessible to those with no experience of environmental finance issues. He provides a comprehensive account of their interdependence: why the financial sector is crucial to achieving sustainability and why the triple bottom line of commercial, environmental and social success points the way forward for banking. From a systematic assessment of major banks around the world, he presents a comprehensive account of current best practice, an analysis of the differences in approach and performance, and recommendations of actions and policies for improved performance that will contribute to sustainable development.

It is widely believed that central banks have grown (the Bank of England) or were established (the Federal Reserve) to pursue the twin objectives of monetary and price stability. But why should they? Central bankers are people, too, whose behavior is presumably determined, like the rest of us, by their incentives and the information available to them. The author explores this question. Two sets of data confirm the reservations. Central banks have often worsened, even initiated, monetary instabilities by bailing out the risk-takers and their effects on prices, which depending on the quantities of money created by central banks, have often been catastrophic. The evidence suggests that central bankers have really been in business to support the politically powerful upon whose favors they depend, particularly high-spending governments and needy financial institutions. The book consists of several examples of this behavior and its consistency during wars and financial crises in the UK and US over the course of the last two centuries. Professors and students of finance will find A Comparative History of Central Bank Behavior to be a compelling and thoughtful exploration of how central banks have historically responded to and influenced financial markets.

This book presents an integrated framework for risk measurement, capital management and value creation in banks. Moving from the measurement of the risks facing a bank, it defines criteria and rules to support a corporate policy aimed at maximizing shareholders' value.

Parts I - IV discuss different risk types (including interest rate, market, credit and operational risk) and how to assess the amount of capital they absorb by means of up-to-date, robust risk-measurement models. Part V surveys regulatory capital requirements: a special emphasis is given to the Basel II accord, discussing its economic foundations and managerial implications. Part VI presents models and techniques to calibrate the amount of economic capital at risk needed by the bank, to fine-tune its composition, to allocate it to risk-taking units, to estimate the "fair" return expected by shareholders, to monitor the value creation process. Risk Management and Shareholders' Value in Banking includes:
* Value at Risk, Monte Carlo models, Creditrisk+, Creditmetrics and much more
* formulae for risk-adjusted loan pricing and risk-adjusted performance measurement
* extensive, hands-on Excel examples are provided on the companion website www.wiley.com/go/rmsv
* a complete, up-to-date introduction to Basel II
* focus on capital allocation, Raroc, EVA, cost of capital and other value-creation metrics