How do we reduce and prevent crime? This is a question with which governments, academics and criminal justice professionals have been grappling for decades. Crime Prevention explores the legislative developments, policy changes and practical strategies that have been put in place in recent years in an attempt to manage the level of crime in our society. The book also assesses how governments' approaches to serious crime, the war on terror, human rights and race and immigration policies have influenced ideas about community safety and crime prevention. It offers a handy glossary, along with suggestions for further reading, in order to enhance understanding of critical issues. Accessible and compelling, this book is essential reading for students of criminology, criminal justice and social policy. It is also an indispensable analytical tool for professionals working within the criminal justice arena.

Both those who study crime and those who fight it agree that crime is not spread evenly across city landscapes. Rather, clusters of crime--a few "hot spots"--host a vastly disproportionate amount of criminal activity. Even within the most crime-ridden neighborhoods, crime concentrates at a few locations while other areas remain relatively crime-free. So if police focus their limited resources at these problem places-a practice known as hot spots policing-they will be better positioned to lower citywide crime rates, and do it more efficiently.
In Policing Problem Places, Anthony A. Braga and David L. Weisburd demonstrate that hot spots policing is a powerful and cost-effective approach to crime prevention. While putting police officers where crime happens most is an old and well-established idea, in practice it is often avoided or not properly implemented. Braga and Weisburd draw on rigorous scientific evidence to show how police officers should use problem-oriented policing and situational crime-prevention techniques to address the place dynamics, situations, and characteristics that cause a spot to be "hot." But the benefits of hot spots policing do not end with conserving public dollars and police resources. Illustrating how policing problem places can benefit police-community relations, especially in minority neighborhoods where residents have long suffered from high crime and poor police service, Braga and Weisburd show how police can make efforts to develop positive and collaborative relationships with residents and avoid the indiscriminant enforcement tactics that undermine the legitimacy of the police.
A vital resource for police departments everywhere, Policing Problem Places offers a blueprint for rethinking what police should do and how they should do it.

Scholars in various disciplines are recommending comprehensive measures to solve multiple societal as well as individual problems. The philosophy of "community education" has been overlooked but is a workable, comprehensive approach to addressing crime. As used in this book, community education is a philosophy, process, and program comprised of three overriding and interrelated elements: community empowerment, community problem-solving, and the effort to involve all community members in the pursuit of lifelong learning. The Hyde Park neighborhood in St. Louis has one of the highest rates of reported drug sales and high rates of homicide, robbery, aggravated assault, arson, and burglary. The community lays claim to several crime-inducing variables including population loss, a high percentage of population shift resulting in a higher percentage of black population and boarded-up housing units, a high rate of unemployment, a very low per capita income and a high percentage of citizens living below the poverty line, and a high percentage of female-headed households. Nevertheless, the people of Hyde Park are participating in a crime prevention approach that is applicable to all communities. Insights to urban life and problem solving are provided by community members, covering such topics as policing and how it can be improved. These insights and others offered by the author are supported by theories and philosophies found in the literature. In the process of solving their own problems, community members involve themselves in lifelong learning activities and leadership development. Written in a style that is appealing to the general public as well as academics, it is of special interest toeducators, community leaders, criminologists, academics in urban affairs and sociology, social workers, law enforcement agents, and politicians.

Crime is never unpredictable. Before a lie is spoken, a pocket is picked, or an assault is inflicted, there are silent cues: a nonverbal language that speaks loud and clear if you're trained to see it. Filled with fascinating real-life stories of crime and survival, "Crime Signals" is a comprehensive guide designed to help you stay alert to the warning signs of a wide array of offenses. From the telltale signals of a swindler, to the warning signs that experts use to help thwart violent crime and terrorism, "Crime Signals" breaks down a criminal's body language into clear, recognizable symbols. What does a pointed finger tell you about whether someone is lying? Is a shoulder-shrug a safety signal - or a warning of violence? What were the clues that gave away white-collar offenders such as Martha Stewart and Andrew Fastow? Answering these questions and more, David Givens, a foremost expert in nonverbal communication, offers an instructive, intriguing, and essential tool for warding off crime and protecting your safety and your family's.

Theories of Delinquency is a comprehensive survey of the theoretical approaches towards understanding delinquent behavior. Donald Shoemaker aptly presents all major individualistic and sociological theories in a standard format with basic assumptions, important concepts, and critical evaluations. Theories covered include biological and psychological explanations, anomie and social disorganization, differential association, drift theory, labeling theory, critical theories, and explanations of female delinquency. Now in its sixth edition, Theories of Delinquency contains up-to-date discussions based on current research throughout, extensive revisions to control theories, especially the general theory of crime, and expanded coverage of integrated and cutting-edge theories. Clearly written, consistently organized, and now thoroughly updated, Theories of Delinquency remains essential reading for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of crime and delinquency.

Across America today gated communities sprawl out from urban centers, employers enforce mandatory drug testing, and schools screen students with metal detectors. Social problems ranging from welfare dependency to educational inequality have been reconceptualized as crimes, with an attendant focus on assigning fault and imposing consequences. Even before the recent terrorist attacks, non-citizen residents had become subject to an increasingly harsh regime of detention and deportation, and prospective employees subjected to background checks. How and when did our everyday world become dominated by fear, every citizen treated as a potential criminal?
In this startlingly original work, Jonathan Simon traces this pattern back to the collapse of the New Deal approach to governing during the 1960s when declining confidence in expert-guided government policies sent political leaders searching for new models of governance. The War on Crime offered a ready solution to their problem: politicians set agendas by drawing analogies to crime and redefined the ideal citizen as a crime victim, one whose vulnerabilities opened the door to overweening government intervention. By the 1980s, this transformation of the core powers of government had spilled over into the institutions that govern daily life. Soon our schools, our families, our workplaces, and our residential communities were being governed through crime.
This powerful work concludes with a call for passive citizens to become engaged partners in the management of risk and the treatment of social ills. Only by coming together to produce security, can we free ourselves from a logic of domination by others, and from the fear that currently rules our everyday life.

Government and companies have already invested hundreds of millions of dollars in the convergence of physical and logical security solutions, but there are no books on the topic.
This book begins with an overall explanation of information security, physical security, and why approaching these two different types of security in one way (called convergence) is so critical in today s changing security landscape. It then details enterprise security management as it relates to incident detection and incident management. This is followed by detailed examples of implementation, taking the reader through cases addressing various physical security technologies such as: video surveillance, HVAC, RFID, access controls, biometrics, and more.
*This topic is picking up momentum every day with every new computer exploit, announcement of a malicious insider, or issues related to terrorists, organized crime, and nation-state threats
*The author has over a decade of real-world security and management expertise developed in some of the most sensitive and mission-critical environments in the world
*Enterprise Security Management (ESM) is deployed in tens of thousands of organizations worldwide"

The high-technology crime investigator's profession is one of the fastest growing professions in the world today, as information security issues and crimes related to them are growing in number and magnitude at an ever-increasing pace. "High-Technology Crime Investigator's Handbook, Second Edition," informs professionals of the potential risks of computer crimes, and serves as a guide to establishing and managing a high-technology crime investigative program. Each chapter is updated with the latest information and guidance, including added coverage of computer forensics and additional metrics to measure organizational performance. In addition, nine new chapters cover emerging trends in the field, and offer invaluable guidance on becoming a successful high-technology crime investigator.
* Provides an understanding of the global information environment and its threats
* Explains how to establish a high-technology crime investigations unit and prevention program
* Presents material in an engaging, easy-to-follow manner that will appeal to investigators, law enforcement professionals, corporate security and information systems security professionals; as well as corporate and government managers

Situational crime prevention and problem-oriented policing (POP) have made rapid progress during the past two decades. But these two related approaches have in the past neglected implementation, the stage when prevention measures are put into practice. The contributing authors to this volume are all researchers with a long-standing interest in crime prevention, who have also been directly involved in implementing situational or problem-oriented projects. Their chapters provide both practical guidance and general principles concerning how to get the most out of crime prevention projects. Chapter topics include: lessons derived from POP projects; the role of project management in community safety initiatives; conflicts and tensions in implementing crime reduction measures; a case study of POP implementation without self-interest; how central agencies should support local programs; mistaking tactics for strategy in crime reduction initiatives; lessons from England on success and failure; mindsets, set minds and implementation; and, guidance and good practice in crime prevention.

The physical security of IT, network, and telecommunications assets is equally as important as cyber security. We justifiably fear the hacker, the virus writer and the cyber terrorist. But the disgruntled employee, the thief, the vandal, the corporate foe, and yes, the terrorist can easily cripple an organization by doing physical damage to IT assets. In many cases such damage can be far more difficult to recover from than a hack attack or malicious code incident. It does little good to have great computer security if wiring closets are easily accessible or individuals can readily walk into an office and sit down at a computer and gain access to systems and applications.
Even though the skill level required to hack systems and write viruses is becoming widespread, the skill required to wield an ax, hammer, or fire hose and do thousands of dollars in damage is even more common. Although many books cover computer security from one perspective or another, they do not thoroughly address physical security. This book shows organizations how to design and implement physical security plans. It provides practical, easy-to-understand and readily usable advice to help organizations to improve physical security for IT, network, and telecommunications assets.
* Expert advice on identifying physical security needs
* Guidance on how to design and implement security plans to prevent the physical destruction of, or tampering with computers, network equipment, and telecommunications systems
* Explanation of the processes for establishing a physical IT security function
* Step-by-step instructions on how to accomplish physical security objectives
* Illustrations of the major elements of a physical IT security plan
* Specific guidance on how to develop and document physical security methods and procedures

The Security Handbook, Second Edition is a user-friendly guide for security officers and guards, covering everything from introductory information to advanced topics. Whether looking for entry into the profession or development within the security industry, this book offers the practical information, training, and need-to-know techniques for the realization of professional goals.
The Second Edition emphasizes the proper skills required to improve job performance -- customer service, security methods, patrolling, communicating, and report writing. Chapters cover such important topics as arrest law and procedure (including legal liability), self-defense and weapons, a new section on career planning, violence in the workplace, internal theft, burglary, robbery, terrorism, cybercrime, and first response during emergencies. Countermeasures to a variety of threats are explained throughout the book.
Experienced security officers, supervisors, and managers will also find the book useful in outlining the changing roles and responsibilities of the protection officer and for helping train their front line staff.
* Covers every important aspect of the security officer's job, with several new updates and access to online sources
* Defines key terms and outlines basic information before moving on to more advanced topics
* Each chapter includes an outline, chapter objectives, and follows with review questions to aid in the learning process
* Features numerous examples, illustrations, Web sites, case studies, and new "What if?" scenarios to relate theory to practice
* Serves as a comprehensive study guide for state mandated training and certification exams such as the Certified Protection Officer (CPO) program sponsored by the IFPO

Geese Theatre UK was formed in 1987 and is renowned across the criminal justice field. Members of the company devise and perform issue-based plays and conduct workshops and training in prisons, young offender institutions, probation centres and related settings. The company has worked in virtually every prison and each probation area in the UK and Ireland - and also works with youth offending teams. The "Geese Theatre Handbook" explains the thinking behind the company's approach to applied drama with offenders and people at risk of offending, including young people. It also contains over 100 exercises with explanations, instructions and suggestions to help practitioners develop their own style and approach. The materials can be readily adapted to other settings including conflict resolution, restorative justice and interpersonal skills training.The handbook is a key resource for: Offending behaviour groupworkers; Probation officers; Youth workers; Youth offending teams; Prison officers; Social workers; Criminologists; Community workers; Forensic psychologists; Psychotherapists; Community theatre workers and actors; Drama teachers; Drama-in-education and theatre-in-education practitioners; Drama therapists and other creative arts therapists; Adventure therapists; Group and individual therapists and counsellors; Mental health professionals; Psychodramatists; Sociodramatists; Professional team builders; Team supervisors; Family therapists; Staff training and development officers; Conflict resolution workers; And special needs workers and teachers.

This work examines how vast amounts of personal information are finding their way into corporate hands. It argues that once there, this data can be combined and used to develope electronic profiles of individuals and groups that are potentially more detailed and intrusive.

An examination of the most prolific and broad-ranging period of Chinese art history, from the Song Dynasty with its spectacular landscape paintings to the Ming Dynasty with its lovely pottery. William Watson covers architecture, painting, sculpture and decorative arts in this second volume of his three-volume series on the entire history of the arts in China.

In this controversial and compassionate book, the distinguished psychiatrist James Gilligan proposes a radically new way of thinking about violence and how to prevent it. Violence is most often addressed in moral and legal terms: "How evil is this action, and how much punishment does it deserve?" Unfortunately, this way of thinking, the basis for our legal and political institutions, does nothing to shed light on the causes of violence.

Violent criminals have been Gilligan's teachers, and he has been their student. Prisons are microcosms of the societies in which they exist, and by examining them in detail, we can learn about society as a whole. Gilligan suggests treating violence as a public health problem. He advocates initiating radical social and economic change to attack the root causes of violence, focusing on those at increased risk of becoming violent, and dealing with those who are already violent as if they were in quarantine rather than in constraint for their punishment and for society's revenge.

The twentieth century was steeped in violence. If we attempt to understand the violence of individuals, we may come to prevent the collective violence that threatens our future far more than all the individual crimes put together.

Understanding Crime Prevention, Second Edition is a revamping of a popular classic written by NCPI, the primary training school for crime prevention officers in the country. It is a basic introduction to the concepts of crime prevention and security techniques and equipment which aid the crime prevention effort. The fundamental material has been updated with current and contemporary examples.

*Includes glossary of crime prevention terms
*Includes an instructor's manual
*Practical, basic and comprehensive introduction to
security and loss procedures

This is an exciting and innovative book which provides a thorough introduction to contemporary social theory by examining the way in which the widespread existence of violence against women is explored. A wide range of theories from liberalism to evolutionary psychology are considered culminating in the development of a distinctive feminist realist position. The theories discussed are tested against a large-scale survey, the findings of which challenge many conventional wisdoms as to the patterning of violence in contemporary society.

This book shows how politicians constructed crime-related problems in ways which imply the need to enhance punishment and control and, simultaneously, to 'end welfare as we know it'. By analysing the process by which these 'solutions' to the crime problem were legitimated and popularized, Beckett reveals the political nature of the campaign to 'get tough' and highlights the need for a more inclusive debate on crime and its solutions.

I-Way Robbery is for security, investigative, law enforcement, and other criminal justice professionals, offering a unique look at the Internet as the new crime environment for the 21st century. The book provides an overview of the Internet, its impact on nations, societies, criminals, security officers, and law enforcement professionals, and includes recommended basic, protective measures.
I-Way Robbery is written in non-technical terms. It is also an excellent reference for business and government agency managers who must understand their responsibilities as they relate to asset protection - especially those who have on and off ramps connected to the I-Way.
Boni and Kovacich start with the basics and teach users about the internet before teaching them about the security risks. This addresses the subject from the non-information systems perspective and educates the average user about the overall risks and appropriate protective measures they should enforce and follow.
This book is a must-have for anyone with an interest in the pitfalls and precautions of doing business on the internet.

I-Way Robbery: Crime on the Internet, uniquely approaches the much talked about topic of Internet Crime and security. It is written for anyone who wants a basic understanding of the Internet crime environment now and into the 21st Century. It covers related Internet business, government, global, laws, politics and privacy issues; techniques being used to commit crimes; what can be done about it; and what challenges the future may hold including topics such as information warfare.
Drawing on their decades of experience in high-technology and Internet crime investigations William Boni and Dr. Gerald L. Kovacich have written not only an excellent reference book for business and government agency managers, small business owners, and teachers, but for anyone who drives along the I-Way.
Addresses the subject of internet security from the non-information systems perspective
Detailed incident reports to fully illustrate the specific issues readers must understand to fully appreciate the risks of I-Way activity
Covers a broad range of issues

The Insitute of Criminology at the University of Cambridge recently undertook,at the behest of the Home Office, a comprehensive study of the literature on criminal deterrence, concentrating on recent research. The result, published in this book, examines the popular claim that 'deterrence works'. That it works in general terms is beyond dispute, but the claim most favoured by law-makers is narrower: that tougher sentences have a direct impact on criminal behaviour, limiting the number and severity of offences committed. This study seeks to discover the truth of that claim. Deterrence as a penal aim, is a broad subject, hence the authors of this work decided to look at two elements of recent research. First they looked at studies which examine the marginal deterrent effects of changing the certainty of punishment, that is, of altering the likelihood of an offender's being apprehended and convicted for a crime. Secondly they looked at studies of the marginal deterrent effects of altering the severity of punishment through changes in sentencing policy. It is their evaluation and analysis of the latter which is the principal focus of the work, and which will make the book essential reading for all those interested in sentencing and penal policy.

Who are the cybercriminals and what can we do to stop them? From the #1 cybercrime expert, a revolutionary new approach to . Fighting Computer Crime A top computer crime expert explains why current computer security methods fall dangerously short of the mark and what we can do to fix them. Based on his 30 years as a cybercrime fighter, during which he interviewed more than 200 perpetrators and their victims, Donn B. Parker provides valuable technical insight about the means cybercriminals employ, as well as penetrating psychological insights into their criminal behavior and motivations. Using many riveting real-life crime stories to illustrate his points, he reveals:
* Who your greatest security threats really are (be prepared for some surprises!)
* Why employees undergoing divorce can be your organization's greatest computer security risk
* How to overcome cyberterrorists who will employ any high-tech or low-tech means necessary to crash your systems.
* Effective countermeasures for each threat covered in the book
* How to neutralize even the most powerful cybercrime scheme attempts
* Why and how the incorrect, incomplete, inarticulate security folk art must be revitalized

Moving past the scope of Mafia crime families in New York and Chicago, Beyond the Mafia offers, for the first time, a comparative perspective on non-traditional organized crime in the Americas. Providing in-depth coverage of 10 criminal groups, the focus of organized crime expands to Canada and Latin America, offering an extensive American view of organized crime from outside the traditional Mafia. Although the groups covered have contemporary significance, chapters include a historical overview as well as future considerations. Editor Sue Mahan has coordinated a coherent paradigm for the comparative study of organized crime: Part I introduces organized crime as an enterprise and explores patterns found in legitimate business along with those in criminal organizations. Part II discusses the role of violence in organized crime. Part III covers the concept of ethnicity and the relevance of culture to organized criminal groups. Part IV addresses the issue of opportunity and the ways in which opportunities for success are structured within organized crime. Finally, a concluding section explains the relationships between criminal justice policy and organized crime. This book is a valuable text of considerable interest for university and community college students in courses on organized crime, criminology, and crime in the Americas; scholars and researchers; and professionals in the criminal justice system who are developing policies in response to organized crime.

The Psychology of Stalking is the first scholarly book on stalking ever published. Virtually every serious writer and researcher in this area of criminal psychopathology has contributed a chapter. These chapters explore stalking from social, psychiatric, psychological and behavioral perspectives. New thinking and data are presented on threats, pursuit characteristics, psychiatric diagnoses, offender-victim typologies, cyberstalking, false victimization syndrome, erotomania, stalking and domestic violence, the stalking of public figures, and many other aspects of stalking, as well as legal issues. This landmark text is of interest to both professionals and other thoughtful individuals who recognize the serious nature of this ominous social behavior.
Key Features:
*First scholarly book on stalking ever published
* Contributions from virtually all major researchers in field
* Discussion of what to do when being stalked
* Uses examples from recent publicized cases

In the nineteenth-century South, there existed numerous local pockets where cultures and values different from those of the dominant planter class prevailed. One such area was the Florida parishes of southeastern Louisiana, where peculiar conditions combined to create an enclave of white yeomen. In the years after the Civil War, levels of violence among these men escalated to create a state of chronic anarchy, producing an enduring legacy of bitterness and suspicion. In Samuel C. Hyde's careful and original study of a society that degenerated into utter chaos, he illuminates the factors that allowed these conditions to arise and triumph.

Early in the century, the Florida parishes were characterized by an exceptional level of social and political turmoil. Stability emerged as the cotton economy expanded into the piney-woods parishes during the 1820s and 1830s, bringing with it slaves and prosperity -- but also bringing increasing dominance of the region by a powerful planter elite that shaped state government to suit its purposes.

By the early 1840s, Jacksonian political rhetoric inspired a newfound assertiveness among the common folk. With the construction of a railroad through the piney-woods region at the close of the antebellum period and the collapse of the planter class at the end of the Civil War, the plain folk were finally able to reject the planters' authority. Traditional patterns of political and economic stability were permanently disrupted, and the residents -- their Jeffersonian traditions now corrupted by the brutal war and Reconstruction periods -- rejected all governance and resorted increasingly to violence as the primary solution to conflict. For the remainder of the nineteenth century, the Florida Parishes had some of the highest murder rates in the country.

In Pistols and Politics, Hyde gives serious scrutiny to a region heretofore largely neglected by historians, integrating the anomalies of one area of Louisiana into the history of the state and the wider South. He reassesses the prevailing myth of poverty in the piney woods, portrays the conscious methods of the ruling planter elite to manipulate the common people, and demonstrates the destructive possibilities inherent in the area's political traditions as well as the complex mores, values, and dynamics of a society that produced some of the fiercest and most enduring feuds in American history.