This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

The treasure of Buseyra is preserved in the museum of Deir az-Zour in Syria. The coins in the hoard cover a large period from the Sassanian Sovereign Khusro II (590/1-628) until the terminal date 331H/ 941. These coins offer precious information, not only about a large number of mints but about the periods and quantities of minting activity. This treasure is important because it is the first complete hoard of the 10th century discovered in the al-Djazira area. According to Tomas Noonan, the Middle East and Central Asian hoards only amount to ten per cent of the treasures found in northern and eastern Europe and the Nordic countries. In comparing contemporaneous 10th-century silver hoards, and especially the relation between the numbers of coin dies and their representation of their products, we can obtain insights into the flows of money and the balance of payments for each area and each minting city.

In-depth study of coinage minted in Theodosian times, in particular the AE2 produced AD 379-381 under Gratian, Valentinian II and Theodosius I. This report analyses the circulation, supply and imitation of the AE2 and its distribution in Spain. Discoveries of large quantities of coins on some excavated sites suggests that this issue was frequently hoarded in the 4th century, ranging from a few coins to several thousand, and by the 5th and 6th century had lost much of its value. Large catalogue.

Minoan sealings are generally treated as historical evidence, shedding light on a long-gone society. The author here treats them from a more art-historical perspective, discussing the internal logic of Minoan and Mycenaean art and the rules applied to the constrcution of am image. She surveys over 100 images, many of bucking animals, and reproduces them in black and white with a detailed catalogue.

The minting of coinage in a territory without previous monetary history or tradition reflects a series of political, social and cultural changes that took place in order to make it possible. Such changes can be traced in the archaeological record thanks to elements apparently as different as coins, ceramics, epigraphy, funerary rites or architecture; these changes thus emerge as some of the most significant points in the colonization process that took place throughout the second century B.C. and at the beginning of the next century in the valley of Cabrera de Mar (ancient Ilduro) and the Laietani territory. This book is exclusively devoted to the mint of Ilduro, its main goal being to study not only the issues produced by the workshop in detail, but also the role that this coinage had in the monetarization of a changing society, that of the Laietani, which had never previously needed to use coinage. To do so, the author of this study endeavours to answer the following questions in as much depth as possible: Who minted the coins? Why? What for? How? Where? When? How many? With the aim of answering the aforementioned questions, this volume has been organized into ten chapters divided in three broader sections dedicated to studying, specifically, each one of the aspects involved in the production of this mint. The chapters considering the location of the workshop and the legends used are fundamental to answer the questions of who minted the coins and where. On the other hand, aspects such as metrology, typology and the technique (metallographic analysis) used by the mint are essential to understand how the coins were minted, and also to put forward a hypothesis as regards the use given to the coin issues discussed in the present study. Finally, the chapters dedicated to the production, classification and chronology of the issues should answer such important questions as when and how much money was put into circulation. This is a book that, in addition to increasing our knowledge of Iberian numismatics, brings us closer to the evolution and production of the coin issues minted in present-day northeastern Spain in general and to the Ilduro workshop in particular.

Money provides a unique and illuminating perspective on the Middle Ages. In much of medieval Europe the central meaning of money was a prescribed unit of precious metal but in practice precious metal did not necessarily change hands and indeed coinage was very often in short supply. Money had economic, institutional, social, and cultural dimensions which developed the legacy of antiquity and set the scene for modern developments including the rise of capitalism and finance as well as a moralized discourse on the proper and improper uses of money. In its many forms - coin, metal, commodity, and concept - money played a central role in shaping the character of medieval society and, in turn, offers a vivid reflection of the distinctive features of medieval civilization. Drawing upon a wealth of visual and textual sources, A Cultural History of Money in the Medieval Age presents essays that examine key cultural case studies of the period on the themes of technologies, ideas, ritual and religion, the everyday, art and representation, interpretation, and the issues of the age.

This study deals with the iconographic theme of imperial Byzantine 'heavenly coronation', or Andre Grabar's couronnement symbolique, with particular attention to fine arts and numismatics. This theme, along with the rituals of imperial investiture, represents the concept of divine kingship in figurative terms, a significant ideological premise for Byzantine theocracy. The book is structured in seven chapters, investigating both the origination and conclusion of the iconographical subject and its political derivations. It attempts to assemble all the known images of the 'heavenly coronation' theme and to explain its political and iconographical roots.

[16:19:22] Jadles (Jamie): Early Japanese Coins is an up-to-date catalogue of pre-Meiji copper, gold and silver coins. As well as official issues, the often decorative provincial issues are covered. A selection of the intriguing Japanese amulets known as E-sen is also included. It replaces Munro and other western works. It is designed to be used both by advanced collectors who have some knowledge of characters, and beginners who will find the layout easy to follow and will quickly gain a knowledge of this coinage. It draws on historical, as well as the latest western and Japanese numismatic sources, and describes the circumstances under which many of the coins were issued and used. Guides to the Japanese language are given, and maps and lists of era names and rulers add to the background information. There is a description of how the coins were made, illustrated from a contemporary document. A Finding Guide is provided for the difficult Kanei Tsuho series, which will enable these coins to be readily attributed from the differences in their calligraphy. A rarity guide, linked to an approximate value, is provided for each coin. The author has been studying and collecting Far Eastern coins for over fifty years, and has also written the prize winning Cast Chinese Coins, and the definitive Qing Cash.

Text in Danish. Bogen handler om monternes funktion i Norge fra Harald Harfagers tid (1047-1066) til Svartedauen (pestepidemi i Norge 1349-1350). Brugen af monter som betalingsmiddel bliver set i sammenhaeng med statsdannelse, kirkens voksende organisation, byudvikling, handel og oget kommercialisering. Montvaesenet og udmontningens historie i Norge i middelalderen er et eksempel pa, hvordan et system vokser frem, og hvordan det gar til grunde.

"Money is a matter of functions four: a medium, a measure, a standard, a store." But money is always a medium of communication too, whether about price or about political conviction and authority, fealty, desire, or disdain. In a work that spans 4,500 years, 54 experts chart across six volumes how money has made "the world go round" and capture money's complexities in both substance and form. Individual volume editors ensure the cohesion of the whole and, to make it as easy as possible to use, chapter titles are identical across each of the volumes. This gives the choice of reading about a specific period in one of the volumes, or following a theme across history by reading the relevant chapter in each of the six. The six volumes cover: 1 - Antiquity (2500 BCE-500 CE); 2 - Medieval Age (500-1400); 3 - Renaissance (1400-1680); 4 - Age of Enlightenment (1680-1820); 5 - Age of Empire (1820-1920); 6 - Modern Age (1920-present). Themes (and chapter titles) are: Money and its Technologies; Money and its Ideas; Money, Ritual, and Religion; Money and the Everyday; Money, Art, and Representation; Money and its Interpretation; Money and the Issues of the Age The total extent of the pack is approximately 1,680 pages. Each volume opens with a Series Preface, an Introduction, and Notes on Contributors and concludes with Notes, Bibliography, and an Index. The Cultural Histories Series A Cultural History of Money is part of The Cultural Histories Series. Titles are available as hardcover sets for libraries needing just one subject or preferring a tangible reference for their shelves or as part of a fully-searchable digital library. The digital product is available to institutions by annual subscription or on perpetual access via www.bloomsburyculturalhistory.com. Individual volumes for academics and researchers interested in specific historical periods are also available in print or digitally via www.bloomsburycollections.com.

In questo volume sono classificate e descritte 1442 monete emesse a Firenze nel periodo repubblicano ovvero nellarco di tempo che va dallinizio della monetazione al 1533, dopo che Carlo V, con il Lodo del 4 luglio 1531, aveva assegnato la citta ad Alessandro de Medici. Alle 407 monete originarie della collezione del Museo Nazionale del Bargello (comprendenti anche le 125 della donazione Ginori Conti del 1962) si sono aggiunte 1035 monete della collezione Mediceo-Lorenese provenienti dal Museo Archeologico. La collezione di monete della Repubblica di Firenze custodita nel medagliere del Museo Nazionale del Bargello e da ritenere la piu vasta e completa esistente al mondo. Citiamo come esempio la consistenza di alcuni tipi monetali: 591 fiorini doro, ben 8 doppi fiorini, 24 cotali, il rarissimo scudo doro e 4 esemplari del mezzo scudo dellassedio di Firenze del 1530. Presentazioni di Edoardo Speranza, Antonio Paolucci, Beatrice Paolozzi Strozzi.

This book, now available for the first time in an English translation, was published in Dutch in 1732 by lawyer Gerard van Loon. His aim was to give the reader a pleasant and informative tour of the history of coins and medals and the result is an astonishing, entertaining and surprisingly modern numismatic work. The format, layout and plates of this English translation follow closely those of the original edition. This translation opens up to modern readers of all kinds the fascinating thoughts and advice of a numismatist, historian and philosopher who lived and wrote more than a quarter of a millennium age.

This book analyzes the evolving interaction between court and media from an understudied perspective. Eight case studies focus on different European Empress consorts and Queen regnants from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries, using a comparative, cross-media, and cross-period approach. The volume addresses a multitude of questions, ranging from how dynastic women achieved public prominence through their portraits; how their faces and bodies were moulded and rearticulated to fit varying expectations in the courtly public sphere; and the degree to which they, as female actors, engaged with or had agency within the processes of production and reception. In particular, two types of female rulership and their relationship to diverse media are contrasted, and lesser-known and under-researched dynastic women are spotlighted. Contributors: Christine Engelke, Anna Fabiankowitsch, Inga Lena Angstroem Grandien, Titia Hensel, Andrea Mayr, Alison McQueen, Marion Romberg, and Alison Rowley.