Manufacturing has entered the early stages of a revolutionary period caused by the convergence of three powerful trends: * The rapid advancement and spread of manufacturing capabilities worldwide has created intense competition on a global scale. * The emergence of advanced manufacturing technologies is dramati cally changing both the products and processes of modern manufac turing. * Changes in traditional management and labor practices, organiza tional structures, and decision-making criteria represent new sources of competitiveness and introduce new strategic opportunities. These trends are interrelated and their effects are already being felt by the u.s. manufacturing community. Future competitiveness for manu facturers worldwide will depend on their response to these trends. Based on the recent performance of u.s. manufacturers, efforts to respond to the challenges posed by new competition, technology, and managerial opportunities have been slow and inadequate. Domestic markets that were once secure have been assailed by a growing number of foreign competitors producing high quality goods at low prices. In a number of areas, such as employment, capacity utilization, research and development expenditures, and capital investment, trends in u.s. manufacturing over the last decade have been unfavorable or have not kept pace with major foreign competitors, such as Japan. There is substantial evidence that many u.s. manufacturers have neglected the manufacturing function, have overemphasized product development at the expense of process improvements, and have not begun to make the adjustments that will be necessary to be competitive.

This volume aims at giving an updated account of the most relevant issues in the area of Flexible Manufacturing Systems with special emphasis to the problems of Simulation, Modelling, Planning, Scheduling, Economical Evaluation. A tutorial description of these topics is provided from the perspective of Operations Research. Both stochastic and deterministic models are taken into consideration and real world applications are considered. An annotated bibliography is provided at the end of the volume. Contributions: Akella: Real time part dispatch in flexible assembly, test and manufacturing systems; Arbib, Lucertini, Nicolo: Optimization models for FMS; Archetti, Sciomachen: Development, analysis and simulation of Petri net models: an application to AGV systems; Buzacott: Flexible models of FMS, and Modelling FMS; Filippini, Rovetta: Economic aspects in factory automation in relation to system flexibility; Fishman: Statistical considerations in the simulation of FMS; Jovane: Flexible automation, a need for industry - a challenge for research; Maione, Fanti, Turchiano: Large scale Markov chain modelling of transfer lines; Romanin-Jacur: FMS queueing network. Models theory and applications; Serafini, Ukovich, Kirchner, Giardina, Tiozzo: Job shop scheduling, a case study; Taylor: Advanced robotics in FMS; Villa: Hierarchical architectures for production planning and control; Deserti, Giraldo: FMS, a classification of recent literature."

Motivation for This Book The OPC Foundation provides specifications for data exchange in industrial au- mation. There is a long history of COM/DCOM-based specifications, most pro- nent OPC Data Access (DA), OPC Alarms and Events (A&E), and OPC Historical Data Access (HDA), which are widely accepted in the industry and implemented by almost every system targeting industrial automation. Now the OPC Foundation has released a new generation of OPC specifications called OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA). With OPC UA, the OPC Foundation fulfills a technology shift from the retiring COM/DCOM technology to a servi- oriented architecture providing data in a platform-independent manner via Web Services or its own optimized TCP-based protocol. OPC UA unifies the previous specifications into one single address space capable of dealing with current data, alarms and events and the history of current data as well as the event history. A remarkable enhancement of OPC UA is the Address Space Model by which v- dors can expose a rich and extensible information model using object-oriented techniques. OPC UA scales well from intelligent devices, controllers, DCS, and SCADA systems up to MES and ERP systems. It also scales well in its ability to provide information; on the lower end, a model similar to Classic OPC can be used, providing only base information, while at the upper end, highly sophisticated models can be described, providing a large amount of metadata including complex type hierarchies.

To survive in globally competitive markets manufacturers are going to have to develop a system for mass customization of products. This valuable resource is designed to prepare readers for the future by training them in the latest technologies and processes in the areas of design, manufacturing, and tools of integration.

A comprehensive guide to a powerful new analytical tool by two of its foremost innovators

The past decade has witnessed many exciting advances in the use of genetic algorithms (GAs) to solve optimization problems in everything from product design to scheduling and client/server networking. Aided by GAs, analysts and designers now routinely evolve solutions to complex combinatorial and multiobjective optimization problems with an ease and rapidity unthinkable withconventional methods. Despite the continued growth and refinement of this powerful analytical tool, there continues to be a lack of up-to-date guides to contemporary GA optimization principles and practices. Written by two of the world's leading experts in the field, this book fills that gap in the literature.

Taking an intuitive approach, Mitsuo Gen and Runwei Cheng employ numerous illustrations and real-world examples to help readers gain a thorough understanding of basic GA concepts-including encoding, adaptation, and genetic optimizations-and to show how GAs can be used to solve an array of constrained, combinatorial, multiobjective, and fuzzy optimization problems. Focusing on problems commonly encountered in industry-especially in manufacturing-Professors Gen and Cheng provide in-depth coverage of advanced GA techniques for:
* Reliability design
* Manufacturing cell design
* Scheduling
* Advanced transportation problems
* Network design and routing

Genetic Algorithms and Engineering Optimization is an indispensable working resource for industrial engineers and designers, as well as systems analysts, operations researchers, and management scientists working in manufacturing and related industries. It also makes an excellent primary or supplementary text for advanced courses in industrial engineering, management science, operations research, computer science, and artificial intelligence.

The book is the complete introduction and applications guide to this new technology. This book introduces the reader to features and gives an overview of geometric modeling techniques, discusses the conceptual development of features as modeling entities, illustrates the use of features for a variety of engineering design applications, and develops a set of broad functional requirements and addresses high level design issues.

Improvements in process control, such as defined-accuracy instrumentation structures and computationally intelligent process modeling, enable advanced capabilities such as molecular manufacturing. High Performance Instrumentation and Automation demonstrates how systematizing the design of instrumentation and automation leads to higher performance through more homogeneous systems, which are frequently assisted by rule-based, fuzzy logic, and neural network process descriptions. Incorporate Advanced Performance Enhancements into Your Automation Enterprise The book illustrates generic common core process-to-control concurrent engineering linkages applied to a variety of laboratory and industry automation systems. It outlines: Product properties translated into realizable process variables Axiomatic decoupling of subprocess variables for improved robustness Production planner model-driven goal state execution In situ sensor and control structures for attenuating process disorder Apparatus tolerance design for minimizing process variabilities Production planner remodeling based on product features measurement for quality advancement Coverage also includes multisensor data fusion, high-performance computer I/O design guided by comprehensive error modeling, multiple sensor algorithmic error propagation, robotic axes volumetric accuracy, quantitative video digitization and reconstruction evaluation, and in situ process measurement methods. High Performance Instrumentation and Automation reflects the experience of engineer and author Patrick Garrett, including his role as co-principal investigator for an Air Force intelligent manufacturing initiative. You can download Analysis Suite.xls,, computer-aided design instrumentation software, available in the book's description on the CRC Press website.

The race to take full advantage of technological breakthroughs in computer science and communications has forced major changes in the role of people in companies that employ, or wish to implement, advanced manufacturing systems (AMS). Ironically, as industry has become more dependent on advanced technology, human factors have become ever more critical to the success of any business venture. The implementation of new technologies requires fundamental changes in a company's mode of planning; plant organization; job design; compensation and raise policy; personnel selection, training, and education; and labor management relations. Organization and Management of Advanced Manufacturing is a comprehensive review of human factors issues as they relate to computer integration of manufacturing resources, computer-aided process planning, manufacturing, design and engineering. It provides a framework for the successful integration of technology, personnel, and organization. And it offers the insights, observations, and proven methods of 47 leading international authorities on the subject, from industry, government, and academia. For industrial and production engineers, managers, plant supervisors, and human resources administrators, this book is an outstanding practical guide to the ins and outs of implementing and maintaining AMS. Researchers will discover a well-constructed platform from which to launch further inquiries. Organization and Management of Advanced Manufacturing is also indispensable reading for graduate students in engineering, business administration, computer science, psychology, and sociology.

Machine Learning under Resource Constraints addresses novel machine learning algorithms that are challenged by high-throughput data, by high dimensions, or by complex structures of the data in three volumes. Resource constraints are given by the relation between the demands for processing the data and the capacity of the computing machinery. The resources are runtime, memory, communication, and energy. Hence, modern computer architectures play a significant role. Novel machine learning algorithms are optimized with regard to minimal resource consumption. Moreover, learned predictions are executed on diverse architectures to save resources. It provides a comprehensive overview of the novel approaches to machine learning research that consider resource constraints, as well as the application of the described methods in various domains of science and engineering. Volume 2 covers machine learning for knowledge discovery in particle and astroparticle physics. Their instruments, e.g., particle detectors or telescopes, gather petabytes of data. Here, machine learning is necessary not only to process the vast amounts of data and to detect the relevant examples efficiently, but also as part of the knowledge discovery process itself. The physical knowledge is encoded in simulations that are used to train the machine learning models. At the same time, the interpretation of the learned models serves to expand the physical knowledge. This results in a cycle of theory enhancement supported by machine learning.

"Design and Manufacture for Sustainable Development" brings together a collection of papers from a conference held at the University of Liverpool in June 2002 that inspire the interchange of ideas on the theory, technology, tools, and methodology for the entire product life cycle within the framework of sustainable development. It also embraces key subjects including strategy, design, materials, manufacturing, packaging, distribution, disposal, recycling, and auditing.

TOPICS COVERED INCLUDE: Philosophy of, and strategy for, sustainable technologiesDesign principles for sustainable developmentSustainable manufacturing technologiesUse of recycling/bio-degradable materialsRe-use and recycling design and technologiesTools for sustainable product designMeasurement and auditingBest practices and case studiesImpact of emerging legislationInternational trends and future development.

Sustainable development will have a fundamental impact on the engineering community since, through design and manufacture, we are responsible for the use of energy, materials, and processes for the complete product life cycle. This is an essential volume for the bookshelves of those wanting to be well informed about this evolving technology.

Computational Intelligence in Manufacturing addresses applications of AI, machine learning and other innovative computational techniques across the manufacturing supply chain. The rapid development of smart or digital manufacturing known as Industry 4.0 has swiftly provided a large number of opportunities for product and manufacturing process improvement. Selecting the appropriate technologies and combining them successfully is a challenge this book helps readers overcome . It explains how to prepare different manufacturing cells for flexibility and enhanced productivity with better supply chain management, e.g., calibrating design machine tools for automation and agility. Computational intelligence applications for non-conventional manufacturing processes such as ECM and EDM are covered alongside recent advances in traditional processes like casting, welding and metal forming. As well as describing specific applications, this practical guide also explains the computational intelligence paradigm for enhanced supply chain management.

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In today's information age, scientists and engineers must quickly and efficiently analyze extremely large sets of data. One of the best tools to accomplish this is Interactive Data Language (IDL(R)), a programming and visualization environment that facilitates numerical modeling, data analysis, and image processing. IDL's high-level language and powerful graphics capabilities allow users to write more flexible programs much faster than is possible with other programming languages.
An Introduction to Programming with IDL enables students new to programming, as well as those with experience in other programming languages, to rapidly harness IDL's capabilities: fast, interactive performance; array syntax; dynamic data typing; and built-in graphics. Each concept is illustrated with sample code, including many complete short programs.
-Margin notes throughout the text quickly point readers to the relevant sections of IDL manuals
-End-of-chapter summaries and exercises help reinforce learning
-Students who purchase the book are eligible for a substantial discount on a student version of the IDL software

Digital Twin Driven Smart Service draws on the latest industry practice and research to explain how to implement digital twin service in a range of scenarios. It addresses relevant theory and methodologies, including product service, prognostic health management service, energy efficient service and testing service. Other sections discuss key enabling technologies supported by cutting-edge case studies of implementation. Drawing on the work of researchers at the forefront of this technology, this book is the ideal guide for anyone interested in product services, manufacturing services and digital twin services. This book is one part of a trilogy on digital twins, the other titles being Digital Twin Driven Smart Design and Digital Twin Driven Smart Manufacturing.

New technologies are revolutionising the way manufacturing and supply chain management are implemented. These changes are delivering manufacturing firms the competitive advantage of a highly flexible and responsive supply chain and manufacturing system to ensure that they meet the high expectations of their customers, who, in today's economy, demand absolutely the best service, price, delivery time and product quality.
To make e-manufacturing and supply chain technologies effective, integration is needed between various, often disparate systems. To understand why this is such an issue, one needs to understand what the different systems or system components do, their objectives, their specific focus areas and how they interact with other systems. It is also required to understand how these systems evolved to their current state, as the concepts used during the early development of systems and technology tend to remain in place throughout the life-cycle of the systems/technology.
This book explores various standards, concepts and techniques used over the years to model systems and hierarchies in order to understand where they fit into the organization and supply chain. It looks at the specific system components and the ways in which they can be designed and graphically depicted for easy understanding by both information technology (IT) and non-IT personnel.
Without a good implementation philosophy, very few systems add any real benefit to an organization, and for this reason the ways in which systems are implemented and installation projects managed are also explored and recommendations are made as to possible methods that have proven successful in the past. The human factor and how that impacts on system success are also addressed, as is the motivation for system investment and subsequent benefit measurement processes.
Finally, the vendor/user supply/demand within the e-manufacturing domain is explored and a method is put forward that enables the reduction of vendor bias during the vendor selection process.
The objective of this book is to provide the reader with a good understanding regarding the four critical factors (business/physical processes, systems supporting the processes, company personnel and company/personal performance measures) that influence the success of any e-manufacturing implementation, and the synchronization required between these factors.
. Discover how to implement the flexible and responsive supply chain and manufacturing execution systems required for competitive and customer-focused manufacturing
. Build a working knowledge of the latest plant automation, manufacturing execution systems (MES) and supply chain management (SCM) design techniques
. Gain a fuller understanding of the four critical factors (business and physical processes, systems supporting the processes, company personnel, performance measurement) that influence the success of any e-manufacturing implementation, and how to evaluate and optimize all four factors"

Agile manufacturing is defined as the capability of surviving and prospering in a competitive environment of continuous and unpredictable change by reacting quickly and effectively to changing markets, driven by customer-designed products and services. Critical to successfully accomplishing AM are a few enabling technologies such as the standard for the exchange of products (STEP), concurrent engineering, virtual manufacturing, component-based hierarchical shop floor control system, information and communication infrastructure, etc.

The scope of the book is to present the undergraduate and graduate students, senior managers and researchers in manufacturing systems design and management, industrial engineering and information technology with the conceptual and theoretical basis for the design and implementation of AMS. Also, the book focuses on broad policy directives and plans of agile manufacturing that guide the monitoring and evaluating the manufacturing strategies and their performance. A problem solving approach is taken throughout the book, emphasizing the context of agile manufacturing and the complexities to be addressed.

These two volumes contain the Proceedings of the 9th IFAC symposium on Information Control in Manufacturing which took place in Nancy and Metz, France, between 24-26 June, 1998.
This INCOM'98 program had six main themes which focused on the role of information for automating manufacturing operations; the role of information for integrating and distributing automated manufacturing activities in the whole Enterprise and; the role of information for enhancing synergies between humans and machines.
This year's symposium drew attention from more than 35 countries, and the number of the papers presented was over 200. The scientific relevance of this symposium was sponsored by three International Scientific Societies: IFAC with 6 Technical Committees, IFIP and CIRP, and two National Scientific Institutions: CNRS and INRIA. The industrial relevance of this symposium produced sponsorship by more than 10 companies who actively participated in this event.

This book introduces process control to engineers and technicians unfamiliar with control techniques, providing an understanding of how to actually apply control in a real industrial environment. It avoids analytical treatment of the numerous statistical process control techniques to concentrate on the practical problems involved. A practical approach is taken, making it relevant in virtually all manufacturing and process industries.
There is currently no information readily available to practising engineers or students that discusses the real problems and such material is long overdue.
An indispensable guide for all those involved in process control
Includes equipment specification, troubleshooting, system specification and design
Provided with guidelines of HOW TO and HOW NOT TO install process control

Cellular Manufacturing: "One-Piece Flow for Workteams "introduces production teams to basic cellular manufacturing and teamwork concepts and orients them for participating in the design of a new production cell. Use this book to get everyone on board to reduce lead time, work-in-process inventory, and other profit-draining wastes. Each chapter includes an overview and a summary to reinforce concepts, as well as reflection questions, which can be used to encourage group discussions. This volume is part of Productivity Press' "Shopfloor Series," which offers a simple, cost-effective approach for building basic knowledge about key manufacturing improvement topics

This book has resulted from the activities of IFAC TC 5.2 "Manufacturing Modelling for Management and Control". The book offers an introduction and advanced techniques of scheduling applications to cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0 systems for larger audience. This book uncovers fundamental principles and recent developments in the theory and application of scheduling methodology to cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0. The purpose of this book is to present recent developments in scheduling in cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0 and to systemize these developments in new taxonomies and methodological principles to shape this new research domain. This book addresses the needs of both researchers and practitioners to uncover the challenges and opportunities of scheduling techniques' applications to cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0. For the first time, it comprehensively conceptualizes scheduling in cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0 systems as a new research domain. The chapters of the book are written by the leading international experts and utilize methods of operations research, industrial engineering and computer science. Such a multi-disciplinary combination is unique and comprehensively deciphers major problem taxonomies, methodologies, and applications to scheduling in cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0.

Automation, Production Systems, and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing is appropriate for advanced undergraduate/ graduate-level courses in Automation, Production Systems, and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing. The book should also be useful for practicing engineers and managers who wish to learn about automation and production systems technologies in modern manufacturing. This exploration of the technical and engineering aspects of automated production systems provides the most advanced, comprehensive, and balanced coverage of the subject of any text on the market. It covers all the major cutting-edge technologies of production automation and material handling, and how these technologies are used to construct modern manufacturing systems. Teaching and Learning Experience This book will provide a better teaching and learning experience-for you and your students. It will help: Provide Balanced Coverage of Automated Production Systems: A quantitative approach provides numerous equations and example problems for instructors who want to include analytical and quantitative material in their courses. Support Learning: End-of-chapter problems, review questions, and problem exercises give students plenty of opportunities to put theory into action. Keep Your Course Current: This edition provides up-to-date coverage of production systems, how they are sometimes automated and computerized, and how they can be mathematically analyzed to obtain performance metrics.

This book has resulted from the activities of IFAC TC 5.2 "Manufacturing Modelling for Management and Control". The book offers an introduction and advanced techniques of scheduling applications to cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0 systems for larger audience. This book uncovers fundamental principles and recent developments in the theory and application of scheduling methodology to cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0. The purpose of this book is to present recent developments in scheduling in cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0 and to systemize these developments in new taxonomies and methodological principles to shape this new research domain. This book addresses the needs of both researchers and practitioners to uncover the challenges and opportunities of scheduling techniques' applications to cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0. For the first time, it comprehensively conceptualizes scheduling in cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0 systems as a new research domain. The chapters of the book are written by the leading international experts and utilize methods of operations research, industrial engineering and computer science. Such a multi-disciplinary combination is unique and comprehensively deciphers major problem taxonomies, methodologies, and applications to scheduling in cloud manufacturing and Industry 4.0.

The last few years have seen important advances in the use of genetic algorithms to address challenging optimization problems in industrial engineering. Genetic Algorithms and Engineering Design is the only book to cover the most recent technologies and their application to manufacturing, presenting a comprehensive and fully up-to-date treatment of genetic algorithms in industrial engineering and operations research.
Beginning with a tutorial on genetic algorithm fundamentals and their use in solving constrained and combinatorial optimization problems, the book applies these techniques to problems in specific areas--sequencing, scheduling and production plans, transportation and vehicle routing, facility layout, location-allocation, and more. Each topic features a clearly written problem description, mathematical model, and summary of conventional heuristic algorithms. All algorithms are explained in intuitive, rather than highly-technical, language and are reinforced with illustrative figures and numerical examples.
Written by two internationally acknowledged experts in the field, Genetic Algorithms and Engineering Design features original material on the foundation and application of genetic algorithms, and also standardizes the terms and symbols used in other sources--making this complex subject truly accessible to the beginner as well as to the more advanced reader.
Ideal for both self-study and classroom use, this self-contained reference provides indispensable state-of-the-art guidance to professionals and students working in industrial engineering, management science, operations research, computer science, and artificial intelligence. The only comprehensive, state-of-the-art treatment available on the use of genetic algorithms in industrial engineering and operations research . . .
Written by internationally recognized experts in the field of genetic algorithms and artificial intelligence, Genetic Algorithms and Engineering Design provides total coverage of current technologies and their application to manufacturing systems. Incorporating original material on the foundation and application of genetic algorithms, this unique resource also standardizes the terms and symbols used in other sources--making this complex subject truly accessible to students as well as experienced professionals. Designed for clarity and ease of use, this self-contained reference:
* Provides a comprehensive survey of selection strategies, penalty techniques, and genetic operators used for constrained and combinatorial optimization problems
* Shows how to use genetic algorithms to make production schedules, solve facility/location problems, make transportation/vehicle routing plans, enhance system reliability, and much more
* Contains detailed numerical examples, plus more than 160 auxiliary figures to make solution procedures transparent and understandable

The main objective of the authors is to deliver specifications and underlying concepts for future computer-aided tools for the design and the control of flexible manufacturing systems for mechanical and electro-mechanical assemblies. This book presents an integrated computer-aided method which supports a concurrent engineering approach for assembled products. This integrated method is divided in several modules which analyse the ease of assembly of a design, the assembly order, the design of an assembly workshop, and the simulation of the workshop taking into account scheduling and flow control. Automatic, semi-automatic and manual utilisations are presented for each module. Communication between design and manufacturing has been emphasised. The environment in this book is a real concurrent engineering one and for the first time the concurrent engineering steps are integrated in a CAD system. The method has been implemented in one of the worlds most used CAD systems: CATIA.

Technological change has had a profound impact on manufacturing industry and related business sectors. Since publication of the first edition of Implementing New Technologies the pace of change ahs been maintained, often with uncertain consequences. In this new edition the editors have brought together a collection of readings which include: aeo Project planning. aeo Conversion or application of plans. aeo Consolidation of change after the insertion of new technologies. Although the second edition includes material on innovation it is more concerned with the consequences of technology diffusion and technology transfer, concentrating on the adoption of technologies which are novel in a particular application even though not inherently a newa .