Course Notes is designed to help you succeed in your law examinations and assessments. Each guide supports revision of an undergraduate and conversion GDL/CPE law degree module by demonstrating good practice in creating and maintaining ideal notes. Course Notes will support you in actively and effectively learning the material by guiding you through the demands of compiling the information you need. * Written by expert lecturers who understand your needs with examination requirements in mind * Covers key cases, legislation and principles clearly and concisely so you can recall information confidently * Contains easy to use diagrams, definition boxes and work points to help you understand difficult concepts * Provides self test opportunities throughout for you to check your understanding * Illustrates how to compile the ideal set of revision notes * Covers the essential modules of study for undergraduate llb and conversion-to-law GDL/CPE courses.

This is the first book to provide a detailed and thorough conceptual analysis of the unit trust. Such analysis is not just of academic interest: it is of much practical relevance too. The author examines such topics as the nature of the unit trust, the interaction of unit holders, the manager's legal position, and the trustee and manager relationship. The book will be invaluable to all those requiring a better understanding of the unit trust.

Discover practical tools and strategies for helping wealthy families retain and grow wealth In Top Practices Wealthy Families and Their Advisors, accomplished family wealth experts Tom McCullough and Keith Whitaker deliver a comprehensive collection of practical activities that members of wealthy families can undertake to ensure their continued success and development. The book contains over 50 chapters, each highlighting a practical tool, exercise, or activity that can be applied by advisors or family members themselves. Each chapter is written by a recognized expert in the field who has used the highlighted tool, exercise, or activity over many years with great success. The book shows readers how to: Identify the factors that matter the most when it comes to retaining and growing family wealth Plan thoughtfully, invest wisely, and raise the next generation Share their decision making prudently and carefully combine family and business Incorporate charitable giving into an overall wealth strategy and seek sound advice Perfect for family wealth advisors, financial planners, and private bankers, Top Practices for Wealthy Families and Their Advisors is also an indispensable resource for managers of family trusts seeking to protect and advise their clients.

This monograph aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the legal protection of the private equity (PE) investors in China. In an academic sense, this research mainly focuses on the agency problems in the life cycle of PE investment under the business organization law system in China. Briefly speaking, the agency problems of PE investment derive from the two-level separation of ownership and control, one of which is the principal-agent relationship between the PE investors and the fund manager, and the other is the principal-agent relationship between the PE shareholders and the management of investee companies. It is the first research to provide an in-depth examination on the investor protection in the PE investment under the business organization law system in China.

The origins of this book lie in the first Oxford Law Colloquium held in St John's College, Oxford, on 12-13 September 1991, organized by the Faculty of Law of the University of Oxford and the Norton Rose M5 Group, a national association of seven major independent law firms. This, it is hoped, will be the first of many such bubble01ces run on a biennial basis. The aim of each conference will be to combine the specialist knowledge of both practising and academic lawyers on a selected subject, enabling the exploration of fundamental concepts, principles, and trends in particular fields of law of mutual interest and importance. The subject of this first conference - Commercial Aspects of Trusts and Fiduciary Obligations - was chosen for its considerable theoretical and practical importance, and the contributors amply demonstrate both the impact of the law of trusts and the law of fiduciaries upon such diverse subjects as company law and insolvency law and the continuing need for further discussion on the relationship between equity and commercial law. Contributors: Sir Peter Gibson, Sir Peter Millett, Paul Finn, Peter Graham, Jack Beatson, D.D. Prentice, Paul L. Davies, Klaus J. Hopt, Roy Goode, Peter Birks, Hamish Anderson, Harry Wiggin, Jeffrey Schoenblum.

This collection of essays, written by leading commentators from across the common law world, examines a range of topics concerning equity and trusts in the commercial context. The essays investigate the way in which doctrines derived from the equitable jurisdiction interact with and shape various areas of the law, including company law, commercial law and agency law. Subjects considered include the difficulties in identifying trust assets in the commercial context; the court's role in supervising the trust; and the remedies available in cases of fiduciary or trustee wrongdoing. This book will be of interest to both academics and practitioners working in these difficult areas of equity and commercial law.

This book analyses proprietary restitution, at law and in equity, and inquires whether proprietary relief is available in defective transfers of property, such as mistaken payments. Refining the Birksian event-based classification of rights, it offers a coherent and rationalised approach to the transfer, creation and tracing of proprietary rights in general. The book sets out the current state of the law and discusses a vast body of case law. It is argued that the scope of proprietary relief following defective transfers of property is quite limited. Legal or equitable title in the transferred property remains vested in the transferor if his intention to execute the transaction is virtually absent altogether. If only equitable ownership is retained, a resulting trust comes into being. If legal and equitable ownership passes, the law of rescission might provide a power in rem which equips the respective party with a proprietary interest. Apart from that, however, no proprietary relief is available in defective transfer cases. In particular, constructive trusts have no role to play in this context. Proprietary Consequences in Defective Transfers of Ownership is a comprehensive work of interest to academic and professional readers alike.

More and more people are turning to human rights courts to seek protection against prejudice, disadvantage or exclusion on account of their cultural and economic particularities. Human rights courts are thus increasingly faced with the difficult task of deciding these cases, which raise a number of complex and contested legal questions. To what extent can courts accommodate cultural diversity, protect all kinds of groups or interfere in socio-economic policy? This book argues that one of the problems encountered in dealing with such cases is the courts' tendency to assess them from a 'compartmentalised' or fragmentary perspective. This line of reasoning isolates or places into 'boxes' the various interrelated components of the right holder's claim and the norms concerning the case to their detriment. This book critiques this reductionist approach that is out of touch with real life and which, moreover, tends to leave the roots of the alleged violations intact. To counterbalance this tendency, an innovative, integrated and person-centered approach to adjudicating claims of cultural difference and economic disadvantage is put forward. Drawing on the concepts of intersectionality, indivisibility and normative interdependence, the book presents specific notions and methods for approaching the appreciation of rights holders, harms and norms in a holistic manner. A wide selection of case law from both the European and the Inter-American courts of human rights supports the normative framework developed in this book. The sample mostly includes cases brought by Muslims, Roma, Travelers, indigenous peoples, afro-descendants and people living in poverty.Cultural Difference and Economic Disadvantage in Regional Human Rights Courts: An Integrated View combines legal theory with practical insights in analysing both cultural an economic issues, which are rarely addressed together in human rights legal scholarship. It also offers a context-sensitive and relational view of human rights law that puts rights holders at the heart of the legal analysis, taking heed of the social structures within which legal frameworks operate. The book makes for compelling reading for students, academics and practitioners working in the fields of human rights law, jurisprudence, constitutional law, legal theory and feminist and cultural studies.

Commercial relationships give rise to diverse forms of legal obligation in private law, including contract, tort, agency, company law and partnership. More controversially, equity and the law of restitution have a less defined and somewhat ambulatory role in regulating the affairs of commercial parties. Nevertheless, their impact is manifest in the commercial arena through the distinct types of liability they engender and the remedies that are imposed. This collection draws together the views of leading international scholars and judges to explore the nature and extent of this impact from two perspectives. Five chapters primarily address this impact at a macro-level, focusing on the roles of equity and the law of restitution in terms of legal taxonomy, doctrine and policy. In contrast, five further chapters primarily address this impact at a micro-level, focusing on selected liabilities and remedies within equity and the law of restitution. This bifocal approach enables a holistic appreciation of some important ways in which equity and the law of restitution affect or may affect commerce, with a view to fostering further debate over the fundamental issues at stake.

Routledge QandAs give you the tools to practice and refine your exam technique, showing you how to apply your knowledge to maximum effect in an exam situation. Each book contains essay and problem-based questions on the most commonly examined topics, complete with expert guidance and fully worked model answers that help you to: Plan your revision: introducing how best to approach revision in each subject Know what examiners are looking for: identifying and explaining the main elements of each question to help you understand the best approach providing marker annotation to show how examiners will read your answer Gain marks, and avoid common errors: identifying common pitfalls students encounter in class and in assessment providing revision advice to help you aim higher in essays and exams Understand and remember the law: using diagrams as overviews for each answer to demonstrate how the law fits together The series is also supported by an online resource that allows you to test your progress during the run-up to exams. Features include: multiple choice questions, bonus QandAs and podcasts. www.routledge.com/cw/revision

Privatization creates gainers and losers. Increasingly, governments, particularly those in developing countries, are coming to realize that privatization can have a very severe economic impact and raises problems of equity. Yet remedial actions are often inadequate and unsystematic. In "Privatization and Equity", the authors look at some of the problems brought about by the change to private ownership. They identify factors which can lead to greater inequality, including changes in market structure, foreign ownership and operating policies. They also highlight the consequences of ignoring considerations of equity. In the short term these can discredit privatization programmes, and in the long term might even see them reversed.

The Optimize series is designed to show you how to apply your knowledge in assessment. These concise revision guides cover the most commonly taught topics, and provide you with the tools to: Understand the law and remember the details using diagrams and tables throughout to demonstrate how the law fits together Contextualise your knowledge identifying and explaining how to apply legal principles for important cases providing cross-references and further reading to help you aim higher in essays and exams Avoid common misunderstandings and errors identifying common pitfalls students encounter in class and in assessment Reflect critically on the law identifying contentious areas that are up for debate and on which you will need to form an opinion Apply what you have learned in assessment presenting learning objectives that reflect typical assessment criteria providing sample essay and exam questions, supported by end-of chapter feedback The series is also supported by comprehensive online resources that allow you to track your progress during the run-up to exams.

Equity and Trusts: A Problem-Based Approach creates a fresh approach to learning through the use of integrated realistic case studies designed to simulate how the law works in practice. With comprehensive coverage of the complete equity and trusts curriculum, unlike other textbooks, it integrates a thorough exposition of the legal rules with applied problem-solving opportunities, highlighting the legal issues and providing essential context for the law. The book's goal is to familiarise students with a more active and practical approach to equity and trusts that will deepen their knowledge and understanding. Written in a clear and concise style but without sacrificing detail or analysis, Judith Riches not only provides students with a full and wide-ranging account of the law, but also helps them to develop the analytical and problem-solving skills they will need to succeed in their studies and beyond. Key features include: Case studies at the start of each chapter provide real-world context to each topic and help to familiarise readers with the legal language and style they will encounter Apply Your Learning boxes invite students to reflect and consolidate on the content covered in order to apply the law back to the case study Consider This boxes present variations to the case studies and alternative scenarios to challenge students to take their application of the law to the next level Key Cases and Statutes boxes reinforce the essential role of cases and legislation in the development and application of land law and help students identify key sources of legal authority for revision purposes Tutor Tips highlight important issues and opportunities to impress tutors and examiners without interrupting the flow of the text

Routledge Lawcards are your complete, pocket-sized guides to key examinable areas of the undergraduate law curriculum and the CPE/GDL. Their concise text, user-friendly layout and compact format make them an ideal revision aid. Helping you to identify, understand and commit to memory the salient points of each area of the law, shouldn't you make Routledge Lawcards your essential revision companions? Fully updated and revised with all the most important recent legal developments, Routledge Lawcards are packed with features: Revision checklists help you to consolidate the key issues within each topic Colour coded highlighting really makes cases and legislation stand out Full tables of cases and legislation make for easy reference Boxed case notes pick out the cases that are most likely to come up in exams Diagrams and flowcharts clarify and condense complex and important topics '...an excellent starting point for any enthusiastic reviser. The books are concise and get right down to the nitty-gritty of each topic.' - Lex Magazine Routledge Lawcards are supported by a Companion Website offering: Flashcard glossaries allowing you to test your understanding of key terms and definitions Multiple Choice Questions to test and consolidate your revision of each chapter Advice and tips to help you better plan your revision and prepare for your exams Titles in the Series: Commercial Law; Company Law; Constitutional Law; Contract Law; Criminal Law; Employment Law; English Legal System; European Union

This work deals with the liability of the holding company for the debts of its insolvent subsidiaries. In analyzing the current position under English law, the work challenges as outmoded and inadequate the virtual dogma that a holding company is not answerable for the debts of its insolvent subsidiaries. The study identifies four separate and distinct types of behavioural practices within corporate groups which may prejudice the interests of external creditors or otherwise constitute an abuse of the corporate form; the subservient subsidiary situation; the inadequately financed subsidiary situation; the integrated economic enterprise situation; and the group persona situation. After weighing the various arguments for and against a change in the law and concluding that reform is called for, the study proceeds to submit some radical proposals for reform. The basic thrust of the reform proposals is that in a number of well-defined situations entity law should give way to an enterprise analysis and holding company liability should be imposed for the debts of insolvent subsidiaries.

Succession, Wills and Probate is an ideal textbook for those taking an undergraduate course in this surprisingly vibrant subject, and also provides a clear and comprehensive introduction for professionals. Against an account of the main social and political themes of succession law, the book gives detailed explanations of core topics such as alternatives to wills and the making, altering and revocation of wills. It also explains personal representatives and how they should deal with a deceased person's estate and interpret and implement the will. Gifts may fail, estates may be insolvent or a person may die intestate, without a will at all. Increasingly relatives and others seek to challenge the will, for example on the grounds of the testator's capacity or under the law of family provision. This third edition is edited, updated and revised to take account of new legislation and case law across all the relevant issues, including a new final chapter dealing with the potentially contentious issues that are becoming more central to professional work in the field of succession.

How we distribute our assets after death is no longer a question for a small wealthy section of society: increasing numbers of people must now decide how to structure wills and to bequeath money and possessions across generations: not only to family and kin but to charities and institutions also. This path-breaking study offers an empirical study of 800 English wills and uses the material to reflect upon what they tell us of contemporary family and kin relationships. It will be of great interest to lawyers, anthropologists, sociologists and social historians.

Based on papers given at a conference at King's College, London, in 1998, Foundations of Charity brings together established scholars in the fields of charity law, public law, and trusts law, and internationally recognized writers on social policy and legal philosophy, from England and Wales, Scotland, Australia, Canada and the United States. The contributors take an iconoclastic approach to the legal definition of charitable status, and provide an in-depth analysis of key concepts in charity law and administration, such as 'public benefit' and 'political activity'. The combination of their different perspectives on 'charity' produces a varied, stimulating, and challenging collection. It should be useful reading for academics, practising lawyers and voluntary sector managers who are looking for a sustained critique of 'charity'.

Wills, Trusts, and Estate Administration for Paralegals provides a comprehensive overview of estate planning and probate in a manner that is straightforward and easy to read and understand. Instructor resources include an Instructor's Manual, PowerPoint lecture slides, and Test Bank, while a book companion site offers study resources for students. Teaching and Learning Experience: Includes frequent hypotheticals to illustrate key concepts and features. "The Hypothetical Family" is a running example introduced in Chapter 1 and continued throughout each chapter to exemplify a fictional, but life-like, estate planning and probate scenario. Drafting assignments are provided in each chapter, as well as the forms for every assignment. Covers all of the major topics, including ethical considerations, and offers solid review and application of concepts

Routledge Lawcards are your complete, pocket-sized guides to key examinable areas of the undergraduate law curriculum and the CPE/GDL. Their concise text, user-friendly layout and compact format make them an ideal revision aid. Helping you to identify, understand and commit to memory the salient points of each area of the law, shouldn't you make Routledge Lawcards your essential revision companions? Fully updated and revised with all the most important recent legal developments, Routledge Lawcards are packed with features: Revision checklists help you to consolidate the key issues within each topic Colour coded highlighting really makes cases and legislation stand out Full tables of cases and legislation make for easy reference Boxed case notes pick out the cases that are most likely to come up in exams Diagrams and flowcharts clarify and condense complex and important topics '...an excellent starting point for any enthusiastic reviser. The books are concise and get right down to the nitty-gritty of each topic.' - Lex Magazine Routledge Lawcards are supported by a Companion Website offering: Flashcard glossaries allowing you to test your understanding of key terms and definitions Multiple Choice Questions to test and consolidate your revision of each chapter Advice and tips to help you better plan your revision and prepare for your exams Titles in the Series: Commercial Law; Company Law; Constitutional Law; Contract Law; Criminal Law; Employment Law; English Legal System; European Union Law; Evidence; Equity and Trusts; Family Law; Human Rights; Intellectual Property Law; Jurisprudence; Land Law; Tort Law

Text, Cases and Materials on Equity and Trusts has been considerably revised to broaden the focus of the text in line with most LLB core courses to encompass equity, remedies and injunctions and to take account of recent major statutory and case law developments. The new edition features increased pedagogical support to outline key points and principles and improve navigation; 'notes' to encourage students to reflect on areas of complexity or controversy; and self-test questions to consolidate learning at the end of each chapter. New to this edition: is a detailed examination of The Civil Partnership Act 2004 and the Charities Act 2006 important case law developments such as Stack v Dowden (constructive trusts and family assets), Oxley v Hiscock (quantification of family assets), Barlow Clowes v Eurotrust (review of the test for dishonesty), Abou-Ramah v Abacha (dishonest assistance and change of position defence), AG for Zambia v Meer Care & Desai (review of the test for dishonesty), Horley Town Football Club (gifts to unincorporated association), Re Loftus (defences of limitation, estoppel and laches), Templeton Insurance v Penningtons Solicitors (Quistclose trust and damages) and many more are new chapters on the equitable remedies of specific performance, injunctions, rectification, rescission and account are extracts from the Law Commission's Reports and consultation papers on 'Sharing Homes' and 'Trustee Exemption Clauses' as well as key academic literature and debates. The structure and style of previous editions have been retained, with an emphasis on introductory text and case extracts of sufficient length to allow students to develop analytical and critical skills in reading legal judgments. Substantial author commentary helps the text give the flow, coherence and direction of a textbook whilst providing the reader with a wide range of primary and secondary material from a variety of sources. A supporting Companion Website provides twice-annual updates to the cases and legislation discussed within the text; answers to the questions contained within the text, and sample essay questions. http://www.routledgecavendish.com/textbooks/9780415442947

This collection of essays investigates the way in which modern private law apportions responsibility between multiple parties who are (or may be) responsible for the same legal event. It examines both doctrines and principles that share responsibility between plaintiffs and defendants, on the one hand, and between multiple defendants, on the other. The doctrines examined include those 'originating' doctrines which operate to create shared liabilities in the first place (such as vicarious and accessorial liability); and, more centrally, those doctrines that operate to distribute the liabilities and responsibilities so created. These include the doctrine of contributory (comparative) negligence, joint and several (solidary) liability, contribution, reimbursement, and 'proportionate' liability, as well as defences and principles of equitable 'allowance' that permit both losses and gains to be shared between parties to civil proceedings. The work also considers the principles which apportion liability between multiple defendants and insurers in cases in which the cause, or timing, of a particular loss is hard to determine. The contributions to this volume offer important perspectives on the law in the UK, USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, as well as a number of civilian jurisdictions. They explicate the main rules and trends and offer critical insights on the growth and distribution of shared responsibilities from a number of different perspectives - historical, comparative, empirical, doctrinal and philosophical.

This new textbook on equity and trusts law has been designed to cover all the main topics on undergraduate courses comprehensively but concisely. It offers a clear and accurate explanation of the law, presented in a systematic and logical order for learning and revision. The book is exceptionally accessible to students new to the subject.