The statistical analysis of real estate data has received increasingly more attention during the last decade. Property owners, investors and banks are looking for cost-effective and reliable means to assess the value of single properties or even property portfolios. Additionally, building operating charges have turned out to be a major determinant of profitability of real estate investment, and the Europe-wide introduction of the energy certification for buildings in 2002 enhances the importance of accurate assessment of the energy efficiency of buildings even more. The main purpose of this thesis is to apply approaches that address nonlinearity and spatial or cluster-specific heterogeneity simultaneously on real estate price and cost data. A particularly broad and rich framework for semiparametric modeling is provided by structured additive regression (STAR) models. In STAR-models, continuous covariates are modeled as P(enalized)-splines. Furthermore, possibly correlated discrete random effects for spatial indexes, functions of two dimensional surfaces and (spatially) varying coefficient terms may also be estimated using this methodology.

The first part of this volume collates papers from the Second Mansfield Symposium, which examined the areas of equity, trusts and restitution. The second part addresses the emerging field of equitable compensation and its implications.

Trust disputes can be tremendously costly, in terms of legal fees, hiring experts and lost opportunity costs, as well as the costs attendant with the often emotionally charged atmosphere that can pit family members against one another. Despite the high toll, trust litigation continues to increase around the world - both in the number of matters being initiated and the amounts in controversy - as trust instruments become increasingly important vehicles in the management and transfer of wealth of various sizes. Preventing a fire is substantially less costly than fighting one. Identifying and appreciating the potential causes of trust disputes puts settlors, trust officials and beneficiaries in the best position to prevent a dispute from developing or accelerating. This Special Report examines the causes of trust disputes and explores the steps that settlors, trustees, beneficiaries and others can take during each stage of a trust's lifecycle - design, execution, administration and termination - to reduce the risk of sparking a dispute. Supported by real world experience and input from leading international trust practitioners, including estate planners, general counsel and experienced trust litigators, this Special Report delves into key concepts such as: thoughtful design of a trust's governance; incorporating flexibility and adaptability into a trust structure; the need for constructive communication and engagement between fiduciaries and beneficiaries; practices and procedures trust officials should consider implementing in trust administration; and how trustees and beneficiaries can avoid adding fuel to the fire once a dispute arises. The authors also examine the benefits of involving different perspectives, including those of experienced trust litigators, at various stages of the trust's lifecycle, and offer practitioner insight into the measures and approaches both fiduciaries and beneficiaries should consider taking when a dispute first presents itself. Filled with real-world practitioner guidance, perspective and insight on issues of critical importance to fiduciaries, trust officials and beneficiaries alike, this Special Report is essential reading.

In Patel v Mirza [2016] UKSC 42, nine justices of the Supreme Court of England and Wales decided in favour of a restitutionary award in response to an unjust enrichment, despite the illegal transaction on which that enrichment was based. Whilst the result was reached unanimously, the reasoning could be said to have divided the Court. Lord Toulson, Lady Hale, Lord Kerr, Lord Wilson, Lord Hodge and Lord Neuberger favoured a discretionary approach, but their mode of reasoning was described as 'revolutionary' by Lord Sumption (at [261]), who outlined in contrast a more rule-based means of dealing with the issue; a method with which Lord Mance and Lord Clarke broadly agreed. The decision is detailed and complex, and its implications for several areas of the law are considerable. Significantly, the reliance principle from Tinsley v Milligan [1994] 1 AC 340 has been discarded, as has the rule in Parkinson v College of Ambulance Ltd [1925] KB 1. Patel v Mirza, therefore, can fairly be described as one of the most important judgments in general private law for a generation, and it can be expected to have ramifications for the application of the illegality doctrine across a wide range of disciplinary areas. Unless there is legislative intervention, which does not seem likely at the present time, Patel v Mirza is set to be of enduring significance. This collection will provide a crucial set of theoretical and practical perspectives on the illegality defence in English private law. All of the authors are well established in their respective fields. The timing of the book means that it will be unusually well placed as the 'go to' work on this subject, for legal practitioners and for scholars.

This book is the fourth in a series of essay collections on defences in private law. It addresses defences to liability arising in equity. The essays range from those adopting a mainly doctrinal perspective to others that explore the law from a more philosophical perspective. Some essays concentrate on specific defences, while others are concerned with the links between defences, or with how defences relate to the structure of the law of equity generally. One aim of the book is to shed light on equitable doctrines by analysing them through the lens of defences. The essays offer original contributions to this complex, important but neglected field of scholarly investigation. The contributors - judges, practitioners and academics - are all distinguished jurists. The essays are addressed to all of the major common law jurisdictions.

Now in its third edition, English Private Law, edited by Professor Andrew Burrows QC FBA, has established itself as a key point of reference on English private law for lawyers in the UK and throughout the world. The book acts as an accessible first point of reference for practitioners approaching a private law issue for the first time, whilst simultaneously providing a lucid, concise and authoritative overview of all the key areas of private law. This includes contract, tort, unjust enrichment, land law, trusts, intellectual property, succession, family, companies, insolvency, private international law and civil procedure. Each section is written by an acknowledged expert, using their experience and understanding to provide a clear distillation and analysis of the subject. This new edition includes all the recent developments since the publication of the second edition, covering some areas that were previously not addressed including arbitration in civil procedure, the Human Rights Act 1998 in tort law, and regulatory reform in the light of the global financial crisis. No other single text provides such comprehensive and lucid coverage of the whole of English private law as this one - the book's depth of analysis, combined with its ease of reference, make it a favourite among academics and students worldwide. This title is an ideal quick reference for practitioners to fall back on when a client raises a point outside their normal area of expertise as well as for academics, overseas libraries, and practitioners overseas who want a one-stop resource on English private law.

Text, Cases and Materials on Equity and Trusts has been considerably revised to broaden the focus of the text in line with most LLB core courses to encompass equity, remedies and injunctions and to take account of recent major statutory and case law developments. The new edition features increased pedagogical support to outline key points and principles and improve navigation; 'notes' to encourage students to reflect on areas of complexity or controversy; and self-test questions to consolidate learning at the end of each chapter. New to this edition: is a detailed examination of The Civil Partnership Act 2004 and the Charities Act 2006 important case law developments such as Stack v Dowden (constructive trusts and family assets), Oxley v Hiscock (quantification of family assets), Barlow Clowes v Eurotrust (review of the test for dishonesty), Abou-Ramah v Abacha (dishonest assistance and change of position defence), AG for Zambia v Meer Care & Desai (review of the test for dishonesty), Horley Town Football Club (gifts to unincorporated association), Re Loftus (defences of limitation, estoppel and laches), Templeton Insurance v Penningtons Solicitors (Quistclose trust and damages) and many more are new chapters on the equitable remedies of specific performance, injunctions, rectification, rescission and account are extracts from the Law Commission's Reports and consultation papers on 'Sharing Homes' and 'Trustee Exemption Clauses' as well as key academic literature and debates. The structure and style of previous editions have been retained, with an emphasis on introductory text and case extracts of sufficient length to allow students to develop analytical and critical skills in reading legal judgments. Substantial author commentary helps the text give the flow, coherence and direction of a textbook whilst providing the reader with a wide range of primary and secondary material from a variety of sources. A supporting Companion Website provides twice-annual updates to the cases and legislation discussed within the text; answers to the questions contained within the text, and sample essay questions. http://www.routledgecavendish.com/textbooks/9780415442947

Eileen Spring presents an interpretation of the history of inheritance among the English gentry and aristocracy. In a work that recasts both the history of real property law and the history of the family, she argues that one of the principal and determinative features of upper-class inheritance was the virtual exclusion of females from land holding. Tracing the gradual nullification of common law rules under which 40 per cent of English land would have been inherited or held by women, Spring seeks to makes possible a fuller understanding of the social history of land law.

This useful resource has experienced over a decade of success, bringing together both venture capital and private equity organizations into one comprehensive directory. This new edition has been extensively updated, offering valuable, current, and detailed information to individuals, entrepreneurs, and businesses worldwide. This 2017 edition of The Directory of Venture Capital & Private Equity Firms is the most current, comprehensive picture of this dynamic industry to date, and includes over 300 new firms and over 1,000 new partners. These numbers bring the total number of firms to over 3,000 firms, over 1,000 branches, and over 12,000 partners. In addition, users will find more than 15,000 portfolio companies listed. The Directory of Venture Capital & Private Equity Firms is organized into four major sections: Domestic Firms, Canadian Firms, Domestic Associations, and International Firms, each of which are listed alphabetically by name. All domestic, Canadian, and international profiles include: a mission statement, industry group preferences, portfolio companies, geographic preferences, average and minimum investments, and investment criteria. Each firm's partners are listed with extensive background information, such as education (including degree and school), professional background (including previous positions and companies), and directorships held. The specificity of both the firm and its partners add to the value of each firm's profile. Information for firms headquartered overseas includes name, phone, fax, email and website. This directory also contains five valuable indexes: College/University Index: Offers an alphabetical list of nearly 800 educational institutions worldwideaEURO"and the venture capital executives who attended them. Each listing includes the reference number of the affiliated VC firm of the executive listed. Executive Index: An alphabetical list by last name of the more than 12,000 key partners and the listing number of their affiliated firm. Geographic Index: Organizes all firms by state for domestic listings and by country for international listings. Industry Preference Index: Alphabetically lists the more than 200 industry segments and the names of the firms that invest in them. Portfolio Companies Index: Alphabetically lists the more than 15,000 companies that received venture capital from a listed firm, and is referenced to that listing.

With the global economy in crisis, there is great need for a deeper understanding of Australia's economic place in the world - both today and throughout history. This new edition of Barrie Dyster and David Meredith's highly successful book is fully updated and includes three new chapters covering until the end of 2011. The book explores the evolution of Australia's position in the global economy from the start of the twentieth century through to the present day, examining the international and local economies of five key historical periods. With a focus on trade, foreign investment and immigration, the book considers periods both of growth and decline. By using historical perspectives to explain the present and give direction to the future, this unique book presents a rich account of Australia's position within a global economic context. It is an essential resource for students and lecturers of Australian economic history.