The global financial, economic and sovereign debt crisis since 2008 has led to increases in political disaffection among citizens, a loss of legitimacy of political institutions, the discredit of mainstream parties and the rise of extremist or anti-system political alternatives. This comparative volume sheds greater light on this critical juncture in the recent history of the European Union (EU) by focusing on the evolution of attitudes of national political elites. It examines whether the crisis has affected the legitimacy of the EU integration project as perceived by national political elites and, consequently, if the elite consensus that constituted one of the most solid fundamentals supporting that project has been eroded. Analysing these changes across the different dimensions in which support for the EU is organized and its relationship with the evolution of support towards European integration among citizens in member states, the book addresses a basic question: How have these events affected the perceptions of the EU of national political elites? Ultimately, it sheds light on the evolution of the relationship between the perception of the EU and the national contexts, as well as the likely evolution of the project of European integration in the near future. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of political elites, EU politics, European integration, political parties, and more broadly to comparative politics, European studies and sociology.

Integrating environmental policies into the policies of all other sectors is the core European environmental policy. But there has been no thorough investigation of the political process involved. This volume provides the first. It analyses the process of policy integration - the greening of public policy - across the relevant sectors and countries. It finds significant variation from sector to sector and from country to country, and analyses the reasons for this. (Surprisingly the UK, traditionally the 'dirty man' of Europe is far more actively engaged than environmental 'progressives' such as Germany.) It identifies the obstacles to integration and offers solutions for policy formulation, decision making and implementation at the relevant political levels.

Contents:
1. Introduction: social exclusion, partnership and local governance - new problems, new policy discourses in the European Union John Benington and Mike Geddes
2. Social exclusion and partnership in the European Union Mike Geddes and John Benington
3. Partnerships against exclusion in a Nordic welfare state: a difficult mix? Mikko Kautto and Matti Heikkila
4. Local partnerships and social exclusion in France: experiences and ambiguities Patrick le Gales and Patricia Loncle-Moriceau
5. Grassroots local partnerships in Germany: instruments for social inclusion and economic integration? Karl Birkholzer and Gunter Lorenz
6. Catalysts for change? Public policy reform through local partnership in Ireland Jim Walsh
7. Partnership and local development in Portugal: from 'globalised localism' to a new form of collective action? Fernanda Rodrigues and Steven Stoer
8. A new approach to partnership: the Spanish case Jordi Estivill
9. Local partnership and social exclusion in the UK: a stake in the market? Mike Geddes
10. Partnerships as networked governance? Legitimation, innovation and problem solving John Benington
11. Local partnerships, welfare regimes and local governance: a process of regime restructuring? Mike Geddes and Patrick le Gales

This book is the first to be dedicated entirely to the European Semester -- a new framework for policy coordination across European Union (EU) member states. The Semester represents a major advancement in EU governance. Created in 2010 in the wake of the financial and sovereign debt crises and revamped in 2015, it was intended to provide a new socio-economic governance architecture to coordinate national policies without transferring legal sovereignty to EU level. The papers in this collection are written by authors who have already contributed to this literature and have conducted original research for their studies. The book offers an empirical and theoretical assessment of the European Semester, examining its implications along three critical axes, running respectively between the economic and the social, the supranational and the intergovernmental, and the technocratic and democratic poles of EU governance. The book concludes that the European Semester challenges established theoretical understandings of EU governance, as it is a prime example of the complexity that supersedes simple polar oppositions. The chapters were originally published in a special issue of the Journal of European Public Policy.

This is an overview of the interactions between the world's dominant country and the world's most developed institution. The book examines the major events in the history of US-EU relations, and suggests that changes in the international political economy play a key role in shaping this relationship: the US and the EU are in a constant state of competition and cooperation that varies by issue and policy area.

Why is Germany? What is its place in a newly reorganised Europe? Can there be a "new Germany"? And if so, what would it be? After the crimes of the Nazis, the Cold War and the subsequent division of Germany, and the unification of Germany and of Europe, these questions are difficult and vital.

This volume of new work is not a collection by like-minded 'usual suspects'. Instead, the editors have brought together radically different viewpoints and concerns. Richard van Weizsäcker, former President of the Federal Republic of Germany, reflects on Goethe's legacy and the process of European union, while the filmaker Monika Treut addresses the fate of German cinema and the peril of 'international oblivion'. Writing on Berlin's new Jewish Museum and other memorials, the state of multiculturalism in Germany, or the future of German culture in a unified Europe, these voices lay before us the questions that face not only Germany but anyone concerned with Germany's history and the future of Europe.

Bethan Marshall traces the competing traditions of English teaching and considers their relevance to the current debate through an analysis of English teachers' views about themselves and their subject. The findings are based on a highly original research method in which teachers were asked to respond to and comment upon five different descriptions of their approaches to English teaching.
English Teachers - The Unofficial Guide:
*contextualises current debates about English teaching within the subject's contested history
*provides a vehicle for teachers to reflect on their own practice and locate themselves within the debate
*opens up the debate on assessment practices within English teaching.

Bethan Marshall traces the competing traditions of English teaching and considers their relevance to the current debate through an analysis of English teachers' views about themselves and their subject. The findings are based on a highly original research method in which teachers were asked to respond to and comment upon five different descriptions of their approaches to English teaching.
English Teachers - The Unofficial Guide:
*contextualises current debates about English teaching within the subject's contested history
*provides a vehicle for teachers to reflect on their own practice and locate themselves within the debate
*opens up the debate on assessment practices within English teaching.

It is now widely accepted that transport is becoming increasingly unsustainable and that strong policy intervention is required to reduce both the growth in transport demand and the environmental costs of transport. This book challenges conventional approaches to transport by moving away from trend based analysis towards the use of scenarios to identify alternative sustainable transport futures. It both summaries the development of EU transport policy and presents a critique. The policy context is widened to include the global changes taking place in economics, society and technology. It develops new methodologies for policy making for the next 25 years.

Soon after the signing in January 1972 of Britain's Treaty of Acccession to the European Community, Sir Con O'Neill, a key figure in the events leading to its successful conclusion, was commissioned by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office to write an internal history of the preceding negotiations.
His account provides a detailed analysis of negotiations which had an impact on Britain's relations with its European neighbours, and insights into the processes of multilateral diplomacy.

Contents:
List of illustrations, Notes on contributors. Preface. Introduction: integration and the politics of community in the New Europe Morten Kelstrup and Michael Williams 1.Europe is not where its supposed to be R.B.J. Walker 2.International theory and European integration Steve Smith 3.European communities in a neo-medieval global polity: the dilemmas of faliryland? N.J. Rennger 4.The art of war and the construction of peace: toward a virtual theory of international relations James Der Derian 5.Sovereignty, anarchy and law in Europe: when legal norms turn into political facts Marlene Wind 6.Gendered communitites: the ambiguous attraction of Europe Lene Hansen 7.Contested community: migration and the question of the political in the EU Jef Huysmans 8.When two become one: internal and external securitisations in Europe Didier Bigo 9.The European Central Bank and the problem of authority Randall D. Germain 10.'And never the twain shall meet?' The EU's quest for legitimacy and enlargement Lykke Friis and Anna Murphy 11.The EU as a secutiry actor: reflections from a pessimistic constructivist on post-soverign security orders Ole Waever Index.

Jacques Delors became a household name during his decade as President of the European Commission. His conversion of the Commission presidency into a highly public and political role took many Euro-watchers by surprise. He acquired the image of a strong leader overstepping the boundaries of his formal authority, and his fame and notoriety quickly surpassed that of his predecessors. This study explores the combination of personal, political and other factors which lay behind the "Delors phenomenon" and assesses Delors' legacy for political leadership and institutional reform in the European Union. It addresses questions including the role of individual leaders in contemporary politics and the contested legitimacy of the EU as a political system. Drake traces the development of Delors' thinking and expertise on European integration, and draws on his public life after the European Commission for additional perspectives on his Commission presidency. Drawing on exclusive interviews with Delors, this comprehensive, accessibly written study of his life and Commission presidency should be a useful resource for students of all levels in European and French politics, as well as the general re

Jacques Delors became a household name during his decade as President of the European Commission. His conversion of the Commission presidency into a highly public and political role took many Euro-watchers by surprise. He acquired the image of a strong leader overstepping the boundaries of his formal authority, and his fame and notoriety quickly surpassed that of his predecessors. This study explores the combination of personal, political and other factors which lay behind the "Delors phenomenon" and assesses Delors' legacy for political leadership and institutional reform in the European Union. It addresses questions including the role of individual leaders in contemporary politics and the contested legitimacy of the EU as a political system. Drake traces the development of Delors' thinking and expertise on European integration, and draws on his public life after the European Commission for additional perspectives on his Commission presidency. Drawing on exclusive interviews with Delors, this comprehensive, accessibly written study of his life and Commission presidency should be a useful resource for students of all levels in European and French politics, as well as the general re

The current political, economic and financial crises facing the EU reveal a deeper cultural, indeed spiritual, malaise - a crisis in 'the soul of Europe'. Many observers are concluding that the EU cannot be restored to health without a new appreciation of the contribution of religion to its past and future, and especially that of its hugely important but widely neglected Christian heritage, which is alive today even amidst advancing European secularization. God and the EU offers a fresh, constructive and critical understanding of Christian contributions to the origin and development of the EU from a variety of theological, national and political perspectives. It explains the Christian origins of the EU; documents the various ways in which it has been both affirmed and critiqued from diverse theological perspectives; offers expert, theologically-informed assessments of four illustrative policy areas of the EU (religion, finance, environment, science); and also reports on the place of religion in the EU, including how religious freedom is framed and how contemporary religious actors relate to EU institutions and vice versa. This book fills a major gap in the current debate about the future of the European project and will be of interest to students and scholars of religion, politics and European studies.

Author Biography:
John Franceschina is Associate Professor of Drama at Pennsylvania State University.

Despite the non-territorialised strategic goals of the EU 2020 Strategy, the long-term aim of EU Cohesion Policy to promote harmonious development of the European territory - social, economic, and 'territorial cohesion' - remains a central goal of achieving a more cohesive EU territory. This book examines the 'territorial dimension' of EU Cohesion Policy, specifically assessing territorial impacts at the various spatial levels, engaging theoretically and empirically with the notion and role of the 'territorial dimension' within a strongly fragmented EU policymaking process, and examining more generally EU Cohesion Policy, as the main driver of the EU territorial development process. It provides an updated and fresh theoretical discussion on the precise meaning of the 'territorial dimension' of policies and the relatively recent EU policy evaluation technique, known as 'Territorial Impact Assessment' (TIA). Assessing the history, relevance, efficiency and effectiveness of these procedures, it presents several empirical findings on the implementation of specific territorial-focus and place-based financial instruments, as part of the Territorial Agendas and the EU goal of achieving a more integrated, territorial approach. This text will be of key interest to scholars, students and practitioners of spatial planning and cohesion policy, European sector policies and European spatial planning, and more broadly to European and EU studies/politics, regional economic geography and public policy.

The development of the European Union has been one of the most profound advances in European politics and society this century. Yet the institutions of Europe and the 'Eurocrats' who work in them have constantly attracted negative publicity, culminating in the mass resignation of the European Commissioners in March 1999. In this revealing study, Cris Shore scrutinises the process of European integration using the techniques of anthropology, and drawing on thought from across the social sciences. Using the findings of numerous interviews with EU employees, he reveals that there is not just a subculture of corruption within the institutions of Europe, but that their problems are largely a result of the way the EU itself is constituted and run. He argues that European integration has largely failed in bringing about anything but an ever-closer integration of the technical, political and financial elites of Europe - at the expense of its ordinary citizens. This critical anthropology of European integration is essential reading for anyone with an interest in the culture and politics of the EU.

This book studies the reactions by external actors, including the European Union, to the events unfolding in the Arab world beginning in December 2010. In particular, contributors look at external actors' attempts to balance their desire for stability with their normative principles toward human rights and democracy. The book compares the action (and inaction) of the EU with other international and regional players, including the United States, Russia, Turkey and Israel, and assesses the response of these actors to the Arabellions' events, analysing changes in their approaches to the Arab region. The contributions to this book answer three questions: (1) How have external actors assessed the 'Arabellions' and what role did they see for themselves in this context? (2) Which goals and instruments did external actors pursue toward the MENA region? In particular, how did they deal with conflicting goals, such as support for human rights and democracy, on the one hand, and concerns about security and stability, on the other? (3) How can we explain the varying responses of external actors to the Arabellions? This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of European Integration.

The rapid proliferation of EU agencies represents one of the most significant changes to the EU's organisational set-up in past decades. At the same time, this development has significantly affected regulatory policy-making in the EU. This volume assembles the most renowned scholars in the field to address the key themes and challenges that agency governance in the EU poses to effective and legitimate policy-making. The first theme addresses the causes and dynamics of the creation and design of regulatory bodies in EU governance, focusing not only on EU agencies but also on alternatives to the agency format, such as regulatory networks. Second, once agencies are established, the book goes on to explore the consequences and trajectories of agency governance. How effective and autonomous are EU agencies? How does EU agency governance transform existing patterns of executive governance in the EU? Third, the book addresses the design of EU agencies as independent, non-majoritarian institutions poses pressing questions with a view to their legitimacy and accountability. The volume appeals to scholars and practitioners interested in the development and transformation of executive governance in the EU. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of European Public Policy.

This is the first scholarly look at the likely future of the EU after next year's Intergovernmental Conference (IGC) which will probably be more important to the future of Europe than was the Maastricht Treaty. Since Maastricht it has become clear that the future developments are less certain with regard to the EU and integration. The IGC will try and resolve tensions such as "widening", Europe to include former communist countries while also trying to "deepen" Europe with increased political and economic integration; providing a framework which is acceptable to those countries who favor more integration and an early move to monetary union. Reforming the European Union provides comprehensive coverage of these key issues and adopts an interdisciplinary approach, combining political science, economics and law.

The European Union is widely held to suffer from a democratic deficit, and this raises a wider question: can democracy at all be applied to decision-making bodies beyond the nation state? Today, the EU is a highly complex entity undergoing profound changes. This book asks how the type of cooperation that the EU is based on can be explained; what are the integrative forces in the EU and how can integration at a supra-national level come about?
The key thinkers represented in this volume stress that in order to understand integration beyond the nation state, we need new explanatory categories associated with deliberation because a supranational entity as the EU posesses far weaker and less well-developed means of coercion - bargaining resources - than do states. The most appropriate term to denote this is the notion of 'deliberative supranationalism'. This pioneering work, headed by major writers such as Habermas, Schlesinger and Bellamy, brings a new perspective to this key issue in contemporary politics and political theory.

Europe Since 1945 is an exciting new survey of the history of Europe since the end of World War Two. In the second half of the twentieth century Europe has known a period of peace and stability unprecedented in its history and virtually unparalleled in the rest of the world. Europe explains the reasons for this state of affairs.
Thought- provoking and wide ranging, this book discusses political, economic, social and cultural change in modern Europe. Covering both Western and Eastern Europe comprehensively and featuring extensive analysis of the 1990s, this book includes examination of:
* the Cold War
* War at the edges - Northern Ireland and Yugoslavia
* the European Union
* the issues of Nationalism
* the end of the dictatorships
* economic prosperity, the EEC and the Euro
* the break-up of the European Empires and the consequences.

International Relations Theory and the Politics of European Integration focuses on the roles of community, power and security, within the European Union. It features contributions from highly respected international scholars, and covers subjects such as:
· sovereignty and European integration
· the EU and the politics of migration
· the internationalisation of military security
· the EU as a security actor
· money, finance and power
· the quest for legitimacy with regards to EU enlargement.

Including specially commissioned articles and produced in association with JCMS, The Journal of Common Market Studies Annual Review, covers the key developments in the European Union, its member states, and acceding and/or applicant countries in 2019. Written by leading experts in their respective fields covering a wide array of political, economic and legal issues Includes Thomas Christiansen's Annual Lecture on the ability of the European institutional architecture to adapt in face of repeated crises Other articles cover the appointment of the first woman president the European Commission, the complex relationship between media coverage and citizens' engagement with the EU, citizens' rights vis-a-vis the ongoing process of Brexit, the impact of national elections (especially Italy and France) on EU politics, and the 2019 European Parliament elections in key member state Also an opportunity to reflect on the ten years since the Greek Crisis, the impact of austerity politics on the rise of anti-EU sentiments, the future of the European Neighbourhood Policy and finally the EU's role as a climate change actor The Annual Review is the most up-to-date and authoritative source of information for practitioners, scholars, students and researchers of European integration as well as for general readers who simply want to know more about the European Union and have a pluralism of voices

The Australian Metropolis provides a single-volume introduction to the development of urban planning. It fills the need for a convenient, initial resource for anyone interested in the broad evolutionary sweep of modern planning. By setting the evolution of Australian planning within its broader societal context, The Australian Metropolis presents a balanced appraisal of the positive, negative and ambivalent legacies resulting from attempts to plan Australia's major cities. This book is the winner of two Royal Australian Planning Institute Awards for Planning Excellence in 2000/2001, including the New South Wales' Division Prize for Planning Scholarship in February 2001.