The development of immunization has been one of the most striking features in the control of infectious disease in the twentieth century. This book takes into account the need for a simple, concise account of immunization procedures not only in the UK and USA but also in other countries, and to this end a special chapter on immunization in developing countries has been included. Following two introductory chapters, there are nine chapters on various diseases and the vaccines that have been developed to combat them. In each of these chapters, a short discussion of the epidemiology of the disease and the history of immunization against it is followed by a description of the vaccine, its efficacy, contraindications to its use and future developments. These are followed by four general chapters on vaccines for travel, vaccines for selective use, passive immunization and immunization in tropical environments and the book concludes with a chapter on the smallpox vaccination and one on new vaccines. The demand for this book follows the popularity of a series of articles on immunization which appeared in Update. These have been expanded and largely rewritten. I have drawn on many expert sources and have made an effort to provide a balanced and non-controversial opinion with a discussion of alternative procedures where indicated.

Learn from leading experts the latest information on cardiac issues seen most often in a pediatric office. The scope of focus includes signs and symptoms, management of patients with acquired or congenital heart disease, cardiac implications of common infectious diseases, preventive cardiology strategies, and other issues that are frequently managed or evaluated by the primary care clinician. Topics include: Evaluation of the Patient Common Signs and Symptoms Congenital Heart Disease Cardiomyopathies and Channelopathies Acquired Cardiac Diseases Infectious Diseases Preventive Cardiology Strategies General Issues in Primary Cardiac Care More than 130 full color photos and illustrations enhance disease recognition and clinical decision-making. In addition, the resource features information on preventive cardiology strategies, patient evaluation, and more issues in primary cardiac care.

The much anticipated practical educational manual for General Practice (GP) trainers, programme directors, and other teachers and educators in primary care has finally arrived. This extensive, full-colour guide is written by a select group of hands-on educators who are passionate and knowledgeable. The book captures their wisdom and vast experience in an accessible and practical way.

Although it’s aimed at GP training, there are many chapters in this book that are relevant and transferrable to teachers and educators in areas outside of General Practice (and worldwide). We are sure that GP appraisers, Foundation Year trainers and other medical/nursing student educators will find the detailed comprehensive explorations inspirational.

Beautifully presented, the chapters cover a wide educational framework employing a variety of presentational methods such as flowcharts, diagrams, conversational pieces, scenarios and anecdotes. Each chapter has a corresponding webpage containing over 300 additional resources - providing practical tools as well as additional reading material.

This book was awarded the Royal College of GP’s ‘Paul Freeling Prize’ in 2013 for merititious work in the field of General Practice education. It is also used as the foundation textbook for the Postgraduate Certificate in Medical Education (PGCE) in at least seven UK universities. The Essential Handbook for GP Training and Education adopts a relaxed, personable approach to primary care education that won't leave you with a headache.

Table of Contents

GP TRAINING IN THE UK

The Structure of GP Training in the UK

The GP Trainer and Practice Manager

The Training Programme Director

THE FUNDAMENTALS OF TEACHING

Powerful Hooks - aims, objectives and ILOs

A Smorgasbord of Educational Methods

Teaching from Scratch

The Skilful Art of Giving Feedback

Teaching Gems

EDUCATIONAL THEORY THAT MATTERS

Exploring and Creating a Learning Culture

Five Pearls of Educational Theory

Learning and Personality Styles in Practice

TEACHING GROUPS OF PEOPLE

How Groups Work – the dynamics

Teaching and Facilitating Small Groups

How to Teach Large Groups

TAKING CENTRE STAGE

How to Run a Course

Presentation Magic

SPECIAL AREAS OF TRAINING

Using the Creative Arts

The Simulated Patient – your walking, talking, learning tool

Multiple Trainee Practices – a rough and ready guide

Understanding and Teaching about Diversity

Supporting GP Trainees Who Graduated Outside the UK

Interprofessional Learning

THE CONSULTATION

Road Maps for Teaching on the Consultation

Doing Balint

MRCGP, SUPERVISION AND ASSESSMENT

MRCGP in a Nutshell

Effective Clinical Supervision

Effective Educational Supervision

Reflection and Evaluation

Assessment and Competence

Quality – how good are we?

THE TRAINEE IN DIFFICULTY

The Trainee Experiencing Difficulty

The Top Five Educational Difficulties

First Aid for the Remedial Trainee

MANAGEMENT AND I.T.

The Virtual World of E-Learning

Growing Tomorrow’s Leaders Today – leadership skills

With all the attention heaped upon the most deadly sexually transmitted infection of all, HIV, other non-fatal forms of infection have been somewhat neglected, and even overlooked in sexual education. However, incidences of STIs such as chlamydia and gonorrhoea have been dramatically and silently rising in many parts of the world in recent years - though receiving far less attention. It is now recognized that this is a major public health issue, affecting thousands of people, irrespective of background, education or social class.
In Sexually Transmitted Infections: The Facts, David Barlow, for thirty years a consultant physician at a large London teaching hospital, describes, in a readable, sensible and light style, the common and rare conditions which are seen in clinic. Case histories drawn from real patients illustrate many of the pitfalls and problems that can arise from misunderstanding how diseases such as herpes or genital warts are transmitted. An important and novel section explains how and why the seemingly reliable tests from a hospital laboratory can be misleading and, in many cases, actually wrong. This new edition has been brought up-to-date with coverage of the new HPV vaccine for cervical cancer, recent work on the aetiology of bacterial vaginosis, evidence on the treatment and management of genital herpes simplex, and a totally revived section on HIV and AIDS.
Using the early section on symptoms, the reader is rapidly pointed to the relevant section of the book for explanations and reassurance. Providing essential information on all the main forms of sexually transmitted infections, the book delivers essential, accessible, pragmatic, information that should be read by all adults.

Compact, hand-carried ultrasound devices are revolutionizing how healthcare providers practice medicine in nearly every specialty. The 2nd Edition of this award-winning text features all-new chapters, a greatly expanded video library, and new review questions to keep you fully up to date with the latest technology and its applications. Access to this product, which may be at the discretion of your institution, is up to 3 years of online and perpetual offline access. Elsevier reserves the right to restrict or remove access due to changes in product portfolio or other market conditions. Provides comprehensive guidance for any specialty on the latest point-of-care ultrasound applications for physicians and other health care providers. Helps you interpret findings with a peer-reviewed, online video library with more than 1,000 ultrasound videos of normal and pathologic findings. These videos are complemented by anatomical illustrations and text descriptions to maximize learning. Offers new online resources, including over 120 clinical cases and 350 review questions in every chapter. Features fully updated content throughout, plus all-new chapters on hemodynamics, transesophageal echocardiography, transcranial Doppler ultrasound, pediatrics, neonatology, and 2nd/3rd trimester pregnancy. Shares the knowledge and expertise of expert contributors who are internationally recognized faculty from more than 60 institutions. Recipient of British Medical Association's President's Choice Award and Highly Commended in Internal Medicine at the BMA Medical Book Awards 2015 (first edition). Enhanced eBook version included with purchase gives you access to all the text, figures, videos, cases, review questions, and references while on the go.

Die einzige wissenschaftlich fundierte Monografie zur Nikotinabhangigkeit: Eindringlich und basierend auf den neuesten wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen schildern die Autoren die Auswirkungen des Rauchens auf die menschliche Gesundheit. Damit schliessen sie eine Lucke in der deutschsprachigen Literatur. Detailliert beschreiben sie die durch Tabak verursachten Erkrankungen. Sie erlautern Praventionsmassnahmen insbesondere fur Kinder und Jugendliche sowie die Vor- und Nachteile gangiger Therapien, um Rauchern den Entzug zu erleichtern. UEbersichtlich und systematisch behandelt die 2., vollstandig uberarbeitete und aktualisierte Auflage ein einmalig breit gefachertes Spektrum: Geschichte des Tabaks, Epidemiologie der Tabakabhangigkeit, u.v.a.m.

Taking a look at the most common sensory issues kids face, Raising Kids With Sensory Processing Disorders offers a compilation of unique, proven strategies that parents can implement to help their children move beyond their sensory needs. This updated second edition: Shows parents how to characterize their child's sensory issues into one of several profiles. Helps parents find the best adaptations and changes to their child's everyday routines. Provides a week-by-week series of activities and checklists. Helps improve children's performance on tasks like homework, transitions between activities, and interactions with friends. Is written by parents and occupational therapists. Whether it's having to remove tags from clothing or using special dimmed lighting when they study, kids with sensory disorders or special sensory needs often need adaptations in their everyday lives in order to find success in school and beyond.

Recognizing that many skin disorders have a predilection to occur at specific sites, Goodheart’s Same- Site Differential Diagnosis, 2nd Edition, is organized in a convenient, head-to-toe fashion so physicians can quickly reach a differential diagnosis between skin disorders that are often confused with each other. Drs. Herbert P. Goodheart Mercedes E. Gonzalez presents hundreds of full-color images of common skin disorders side by side with their clinical look-alikes or other diagnostic possibilities that occur at the same anatomic site for easy comparison. Ideal for the non-dermatologist and dermatologists in training, this fully updated, highly illustrated text is invaluable for all clinicians who are on the front line of diagnosing and treating skin disorders.    Helps you narrow the number of diagnostic possibilities and reach a specific diagnosis or differential diagnosis quickly and accurately.  Presents differential diagnoses by region, along with key physical findings, pertinent laboratory tests, and historical information to help you arrive at a definitive diagnosis.  Describes the step-by-step management of each condition on a facing page, including brief listings of recommended first-line and alternative therapies.  Features new introductory material including an explanation of how to use the book and a glossary of basic dermatologic terminology with descriptions of primary and secondary cutaneous lesions and reaction patterns.  Contains more than 150 new, full-color images covering variations of clinical presentation, including more images of people of color.  Includes four new chapters: Fever and Rash, Cutaneous Manifestations of Pregnancy, Cutaneous Manifestations of HIV Disease, and Cutaneous Manifestations of COVID-19.  Features a new trim size and new interior design that improve readability and visual appeal.  Uses extensive cross referencing that directs the reader to other body sites that describe the same disorder.   Contains a useful appendix with g illustrated diagnostic and therapeutic techniques.   , Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience  Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone.  Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.  ,

The revised, updated Fifth Edition of this pocket book is a handy reference to consult when making bedside interpretations of clinical data. Remarkably complete for its small size, the book lists nearly 200 symptoms, physical signs, laboratory test results, and radiologic findings and their differential diagnoses.

This edition has a new, more user-friendly two-color design, tabs indicating sections, and shortened lists of the most common diagnoses. An expanded section on HIV infection covers new manifestations, including immune reconstitution syndrome. The infectious disease chapter has been revised to reflect its increasing importance in clinical medicine, the emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria, and the threat of bioterrorism.

Older people have complex and unique primary care needs. The frequent occurrence of co-morbidities, polypharmacy, psychological, social and functional impairments can impact on the way problems present making the diagnosis and treatment more challenging for the primary care physician. The provision of healthcare is becoming more community-based and national service frameworks have highlighted the special healthcare needs of older people. This means that treating older patients will become an even larger proportion of the daily work of the general practitioner. Packed full of practical and down to earth advice for clinicians specialising in the care of older people, this book examines real problems that present on a day-to-day basis in the primary care environment. It provides GPs with specific advice and guidance to help them in the management of the often complex conditions that present in older people. Written by practising clinicians who are experts in the field, this book covers a diverse range of subjects from stroke medicine to incontinence to the role that the voluntary sector plays in the care of older people. It includes clinical case scenarios throughout and colour photographs in chapters on areas such as ophthalmology and dermatology enable readers to effortlessly understand the points being made. Easy to read and with most chapters co-authored by a specialist and a general practitioner, this book provides GPs, community and practice nurses, and those specialising in the care of older patients with an indispensable resource they can use to find practical advice from specialists in the field, including tips on differential diagnosis and summaries of the existing evidence-base and guidelines on treatment.

This volume addresses gaps in the existing literature of global mental health by focusing on the ethical considerations that are implicit in discussions of health policy. In line with trends in clinical education around the world today, this text is explicitly designed to draw out the principles and values by which programs can be designed and policy decisions enacted. It presents an ethical lens for understanding right and wrong in conditions of scarcity and crisis, and the common controversies that lead to conflict. Additionally, a focus on the mental health response in "post-conflict" settings, provides guidance for real-world matters facing clinicians and humanitarian workers today. Global Mental Health Ethics fills a crucial gap for students in psychiatry, psychology, addictions, public health, geriatric medicine, social work, nursing, humanitarian response, and other disciplines.

Designed for primary care clinicians, this book is about patients who suffer with long term pain. Written in a distinct, friendly style, it analyses ideas about pain from the simple to the complex and provides up-to-date and relevant information written by doctors whose practice is either wholly or substantially related to people with pain. It provides examples of everyday patients to provide clinicians with the confidence to prescribe and treat patients with more difficult pain. In an attempt to 'demystify' some areas of pain medicine it also includes details of the science behind common conditions and their remedies in order to emphasise the psychological and social impacts of pain.

All long-term illnesses, whatever their diagnosis, have much in common. The difficulties and challenges that come with illness, and the strategies to overcome them, are shared by most patients. Managing an illness effectively and tackling the difficulties it causes can greatly improve how you feel and your quality of life. This book identifies the challenges posed by illness and suggests a wide variety of ways in which you might meet them. Key to this is the idea of becoming expert in managing your own illness and learning how best to deal with it. The authors accept that you know more than them about how you experience it, so that rather than telling you what to do, they offer a tool box from which you may pick the strategies that best suit you. The two authors, one a person with a long-term illness and one a doctor, combine their expertise and experience to offer a practical and comprehensive guide along your own unique journey. If you have a long-term illness, or if you care for someone who does, then this is a book for you.

Working in the outpatient clinic is a key training experience for medical students. When they arrive at the clinic, students may discover that their time on the inpatient wards does not necessarily prepare them to perform well in the outpatient setting. Everything is different in the clinic, from the nature and context of the patient encounter to the student's role in note-writing, oral case presentation, and case discussion with the attending physician. The purpose of this book is to guide students as they transition to the world of 15-minute appointments, telemedicine, cyberchondriasis, motivational interviewing, shared medical appointments, and real-time informatics. The aim is to give students a clear understanding of their role in a variety of clinic settings, to evaluate and present their patients well, maximize learning, and provide excellent care for their patients. Excelling in the Clinic explains the process of becoming an effective, efficient, and scholarly worker in the primary care clinic.

Doctors, patients, investigators, administrators, and policymakers who assign diagnoses assume three elements: the name describes an entity with conceptual or evidentiary boundaries, the person setting the name has a high degree of certainty, and the name has a consensus definition. This book challenges this practice and offers an alternative to assigning diagnoses: quantitating diagnostic uncertainty in personal and public medical plans. This book offers the stakeholders' views participating in a workshop, sponsored by the Barbara Volcker Center/Hospital for Special Surgery, taking place in April 2020, about uncertain diagnoses. Chapters examine the circumstances in which diagnosis names are "unassignable", either because patients do not fit within diagnostic "boxes" or because health abnormalities evolve and change over time. In addition, the book deconstructs the processes of diagnosis and explores how different stakeholders used diagnosis names for various purposes. In examining pertinent questions, the book offers a roadmap to achieving consensus definitions or including measures of uncertainty in personal care, research, and policy. Diagnoses Without Names: Challenges for Medical Care, Research, and Policy is an essential resource for physicians and related professionals, residents, fellows, and graduate students in internal medicine, rheumatology, and clinical immunology as well as investigators, administrators, policymakers.

The need to expand expertise in cancer genetics beyond highly specialized genetics clinics is increasingly being recognized. In response, this practical book provides oncologists, specialist nurses, genetic counsellors, family doctors, and geneticists with comprehensive and easy-to-use guidelines on risk assessment and appropriate management.
The book focuses on common familial cancers such as breast, colorectal, ovary, prostate and melanoma, and separate chapters cover cancer predisposing syndromes such as neurofibromatosis, familial adenomatous polyposis and their management.

This book assembles many of the foremost writers and clinicians in the field of team-based primary care to share their own relational reflections. It features narratives from fields such as integrated behavioral health, integrated primary care, primary care behavioral health, medical family therapy, health psychology, primary care psychology, and clinical social work. The key focus of the chapters are the relationships that are formed during primary care delivery. The book is organized into six core chapters: Family of Origin, Teachers and Mentors, Our Patients and Ourselves, Colleagues and Collaborators, Clinician as Patient, and Death and Loss. Each chapter contains a variety of styles and formats of narrative medicine, including personal reflections, story-telling, and poetry. Connections in the Clinic will be of interest to a wide audience of clinicians and educators dedicated to a reflective or story-telling approach to healing.

This book provides a practical, evidence-based overview of the supportive care of patients with urological failure, covering issues such as quality of life measurements, the role of the multidisciplinary team, and psychological and social support for patients, families and carers. The book focuses on chronic symptoms such as chronic prostatitis. It begins by looking at quality of life measurements, self-help strategies, the role of the interdisciplinary team, and psychological and social support. It then moves on to clinical chapters which cover issues such as patients who present with hematuria, urinary retention, urinary incontinence, neurological disease affecting the urinary tract, chronic prostatitis, and infertility; ending with a chapter on supportive care for the urology patient and family in the future. The book places a special emphasis on symptomatic interventions, particularly in the setting where the course of the illness cannot be modified.

This book serves as a comprehensive reference for the basic principles of caring for older adults, directly corresponding to the key competencies for medical student and residents. These competencies are covered in 10 sections, each with chapters that target the skills and knowledge necessary for achieving competency. Each of the 45 chapters follow a consistent format for ease of use, beginning with an introduction to the associated competency and concluding with the most salient points for mastery. Chapters also includes brief cases to provide context to the clinical reasoning behind the competency, strengthening the core understanding necessary to physicians of the future. Written by expert educators and clinicians in geriatric medicine, Geriatric Practice is key resource for students in geriatric medicine, family and internal medicine, specialties, hospice and nursing home training, and all clinicians studying to work with aging patients.

Cicely Saunders is universally acclaimed as a pioneer of modern hospice care. Trained initially in nursing and social work, she qualified in medicine in 1958 and subsequently dedicated the whole of her professional life to improving the care of the dying and bereaved people. Founding St Christopher's Hospice in London in 1967, she encouraged a radical new approach to end of life care combining attention to physical, social, emotional and spiritual problems, brilliantly captured in her concept of 'total pain'. Her ideas about clinical care, education and research have been hugely influential, leading to numerous prizes and awards in recognition of her humanitarian achievements. In this book the sociologist and historian David Clark presents a selection of her vast correspondence, together with his own commentary. The letters of Cicely Saunders tell a remarkable story of vision, determination and creativity. They should be read by anyone interested in how we die in the modern world.

This book provides an account of the biogenic synthesis of nanomaterials by using different microorganisms. The chapters are focused on the biosynthesis of various metal and metal oxide nanosized materials by using bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, and algae, including mechanisms of microbial synthesis. Other chapters summarize recent developments of microbial-based nanostructures for the management of food-borne pathogens, plant pathogenic fungi, as nutrients, and biomedical applications. Microorganisms are discussed not only as biofactories for the synthesis of nanomaterials but also as removal agents of toxic metals from the environment. Exposure sources and ecotoxicity of microbially synthesized nanoparticles are also discussed.

People who suffer from chronic pain are typically found to be more anxious and fearful of pain than those who do not. Recent evidence has shown that the pain itself serves as a mechanism through which chronic pain is maintained over time. Even once the muscle or tissue damage is healed, a fear of further pain can lead to avoidance behavior, which over time, leads to deconditioning (e.g. decreased mobility, weight gain). This in turn leads to further experiences, negative expectancies, and strengthened avoidance. It is the reciprocal relationship between fear and avoidance that is thought to be responsible for maintaining pain behavior and disability.
With fear of pain known to cause significant suffering and functional disability, there is a need for a greater understanding of this condition. This is the first book to explore this topic. It starts by introducing the current theoretical positions regarding pain-related fear and anxiety along with relevant empirical findings. It then provides comprehensive coverage of assessment issues and treatment strategies. Finally, the book suggests further areas for investigation.
Pain-related fear and anxiety are now receiving considerable attention, and efficient and effective treatments are fast becoming available. This book will help guide and extend our understanding of a condition that has been shown to be associated with substantial suffering and disability.

This is the third book in a new international, multi-contributed series aimed at providing practical, clinical guidance on how to deal with difficult symptoms related to specific cancer sites. There are few more distressing problems for patients and families than the development of a primary or secondary brain tumor. Treatment is often palliative, though intensive, from the start. Little firm evidence exists to guide the physician in caring for patients with seizures refractory to standard treatment. Most of the work is based on case reports or personal experience. This book draws the information together in an easily accessible form so that the book can be read and referred to on the ward, or before a domiciliary visit.
Specialists in palliative care and oncology settings, working in the acute sector and in hospices, will find this book invaluable. It will also appeal to consultants as well as specialist registrars, clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners in palliative care, oncology and neurology.

There is increasing ethnic diversity in our society posing challenges for health professionals and health care. Existing texts on ethnicity and health are often esoteric and academic in focus, accessible to researchers and policy analysts rather than health practitioners. Other texts consider a single health topic or cultural group.

Ethnicity, Health and Primary Care is a new book, intended as a broad but concise and practical introduction to ethnicity and health care for a wide range of health professionals - general practitioners, GP registrars, practice and community nurses, bilingual workers, medical students and other health practitioners in training. Although focusing on primary care, the book's general principles and its clinical coverage will be highly relevant to other health and social care practitioners, in addition to those developing and commissioning health services.

Chapters have been written to enable busy practitioners and students to grasp the essentials quickly and easily. The book aims to stimulate readers to learn about and develop an effective approach to ethnic diversity in health care.

Rather than be an encyclopaedia of different ethnic groups and cultural practices, this book emphasises the need for practitioners to respond to people as individuals within a broader understanding of the diverse needs of communities. It thus promotes generic principles for good practice wherever diversity has an impact. Having underlined these principles the book considers major clinical topics and groups arguably of particular concern for the health of diverse ethnic communities.