In 1961, Moore and Miljanic in collaboration with N. L Kusters developed the current comparator, for which a patent was granted in 1964. Since that time they and their associates have applied this technique toward advancing the art of electrical measurement. The current comparator comprises a special configuration of concentric toroidal magnetic cores and windings which enable the physical realisation of a very precise ampere-turns ratio standard. It provides the basis for the precise measurement of various electrical quantities at both direct and alternating currents using current ratio techniques. Applications include the calibration of instrument transformers, measurement of the losses of high voltage capacitors and inductive reactors, measurement of the short circuit losses of large power transformers, the calibration of power and energy meters, an alternating current impedance bridge, direct current resistance measurements, the calibration of high direct current metering systems and shunts, a seven decade direct current potentiometer, and a 20 bit digital-to-analogue converter. The book presents the basic theory of the current comparator, methods of construction leading to high ratio accuracies, and the operating principles of the various applications.

This book covers theoretical methods for the design of continuous time controllers for linear multivariate systems. It is intended for use by those wishing to build on a first course in control systems, either to expand their knowledge as practising engineers or as postgraduate students doing higher degrees in control engineering. Based on material used in graduate courses taught by Professor Balasubramanian at the University of New Brunswick, this book brings together state space and frequency domain design methods for linear multivariable systems. It compares their similarities and highlights the advantages or disadvantages of the various approaches for particular applications. Divided into eleven chapters this book covers in some depth: state space design methods, frequency domain methods for multivariable systems, characteristic locus desiqn methods and stochastic control problems.

'To the surprise of some undergraduates, processes do not carry labels marking their variables nor, alas, are they conveniently classified into linear, nonlinear, stochastic, etc., categories. The ability to come to terms with this situation is a prerequisite for anyone proposing to succeed in an industrial environment.' This quotation from Chapter 1 characterises the viewpoint of the book, which is concerned with the application of control theory to real problems in their industrial context. The book is structured around the following beliefs: *(a) Economic aspects must be considered at an early stage of any project. *(b) Simple techniques and ready-made manufacturer's solutions should be applied wherever possible. *(c) More advanced techniques will be received enthusiastically in those applications where they can offer a genuine contribution. *(d) Control systems using distributed microprocessor power will have an impact that is difficult to exaggerate. Control engineers must become familiar with the concepts involved. *(e) Familiarity with a wide range of applications is indispensable in developing an efficient approach in the field of applied control theory. This second edition includes new material and supporting references on: * robotics control * programmable logic controllers * self-tuning controllers * distributed computer control systems * biotechnological control The book should be accessible to a wide variety of engineers. Preferably they should have an elementary knowledge of automatic control theory.

Silicon The expert reference on sustainable and energy-efficient production of photovoltaic-grade silicon materials Electrochemical methods, in particular molten-salt approaches, are a cost-effective, energy-efficient, and highly sustainable approach for producing solar-grade silicon. Surface micro- and nanostructuring methods for effective light harvesting, silicon electrorefining in molten salts, electrodeposition of photoresponsive films, and other related processes are likely to replace conventional carbothermic production methods. Silicon: Electrochemistry, Production, Purification and Applications presents an up-to-date summary of recent experimental and technological developments in the field, highlighting sustainable and energy-efficient processes for high-grade silicon production for a variety of photovoltaic and energy applications. Presented in a logical and concise format, this authoritative volume details the fundamental properties and technical processes of metal-grade silicon production and describes the various electrochemical methods for high-grade silicon production. Topics include silicon surface modification, chemical-physical structuring, porous and black silicon, electrochemical Si surface structuring and anodizing in molten salts, and more. Reviews the sustainable and energy-efficient production and purification of photovoltaic-grade silicon materials Summarizes recent progress in sustainable processes for high-grade silicon production Describes electrochemical methods for silicon production such as electrolysis, electrodeposition, and electrorefining Concludes with a discussion of future challenges and opportunities Written by a leading researcher in the field, Silicon: Electrochemistry, Production, Purification and Applications is a valuable resource for chemists and material scientists in academia and industry, particularly those working in sustainable energy development, photovoltaics, light harvesting efficiency, solar-to-chemical conversion, and production of solar-grade silicon, batteries, photoelectrodes, or silicon-based semiconductors.

This practical handbook provides communication systems engineers with guidance in the application of error-control coding. It emphasizes the fundamental concepts of coding theory while minimizing the use of mathematical tools...demonstrates the role of coding in communication system design...shows the performance gains achievable with coding...illustrates how codes should be used and how to select the right code parameters...discusses the decoding techniques that should be considered and how they are implemented...and examines how detailed performance results are obtained.

This book presents developments in analysis and design techniques for control systems. Included are exciting results for feedback systems using complex variable methods, the important concept of robustness in controller design and the increasingly important topic of decentralized control for large scale systems. These and many other contributions illustrate the great activity and rapid progress which has taken place in the subject over the past few years. Only by bringing these contributions together under one cover can the practising engineer in industry and indeed the engineer in university or polytechnic keep fully informed on the 'state of the art' on a number of different fronts. Application of the theoretical developments and practical aspects of the subject are not forgotten; analysis and design of a nuclear boiler and some direct digital control system design procedures are but two topics discussed in the present book. Several of the chapters are followed by problems on the subject matter and worked solutions to most of these problems are given at the end of the book. This aspect will find favour with many readers since such contributions are often a great help in the understanding of the subject matter.

The variety and scope of primary and secondary battery applications in domestic goods and capital equipment for civilian and military uses has steadily grown over the years. Annual global sales of the battery business are exceeding GBP4000 million, encouraging a number of books on individual battery systems. This book is intended to bring together the key features of five electrochemical power sources. Outlining the historical background and basic principles of the direct conversion of electrochemical energy into DC electricity, this book also gives salient details of the manufacturing processes, performances under different conditions of operations and the services for which the batteries are mainly used. This books aims to provide information to graduate electrochemists, engineers working in universities and technical colleges, in Government and other technological institutions, and particularly those engaged in the development of portable power sources and in the design and use of equipment using these devices.

SEA ICE The latest edition of the gold standard in sea ice references In the newly revised second edition of Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing, a team of distinguished researchers delivers an in-depth review of the features and structural properties of ice, as well as the latest advances in geophysical sensors, ice parameter retrieval techniques, and remote sensing data. The book has been updated to reflect the latest scientific developments in macro- and micro-scale sea ice research. For this edition, the authors have included high-quality photographs of thin sections from cores of various ice types, as well as a comprehensive account of all major field expeditions that have systematically surveyed sea ice and its properties. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to ice physics and physical processes, including ice morphology and age-based structural features Practical discussions of radiometric and radar-scattering observations from sea ice, including radar backscatter and microwave emission The latest techniques for the retrieval of sea ice parameters from space-borne and airborne sensor data New chapters on sea ice thermal microwave emissions and on the impact of climate change on polar sea ice Perfect for academic researchers working on sea ice, the cryosphere, and climatology, Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing will also benefit meteorologists, marine operators, and high-latitude construction engineers.

When originally published in the early 1940s, this series was hailed in the New York Times because it emphasizes "method of thought, and not mere acquisition of facts." This volume extends the circuit theory begun in the first volume into the field of magnetic circuits, and covers both heavy-current power and light-current control, measurement, and communication applications of magnetic materials and transformers.

Wasserstoff Aus der Praxis für die Praxis – umsetzungsorientierter Überblick über Technologie, Anwendungen und Ökonomie des Energieträgers Wasserstoff Wasserstoff etabliert sich zunehmend als ernstzunehmender Energieträger in Ergänzung bzw. als Alternative zu konventionellen, fossilen Brennstoffen. Dank staatlicher Förderung und privatwirtschaftlicher Forschungs- und Entwicklungstätigkeiten kann der Anteil von Wasserstoff im europäischen Energiemix mittelfristig auf 10-15% steigen und so einen wichtigen Beitrag leisten zur umweltfreundlichen Elektrizitäts- und Wärmeversorgung sowie zu nachhaltigeren Mobilitätslösungen. Das Buch der beiden langjährigen Berater und Dozenten, Christian Synwoldt und David Novak, beleuchtet aus Praxissicht Technologie, Anwendungen und politische und ökonomische Aspekte des alternativen Energieträgers Wasserstoff. Die Autoren behandeln dabei im Technologie-Teil die chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften, die Herstellung von Wasserstoff im industriellen Maßstab, dessen Transport und Speicherung sowie die Hauptanwendungsfelder Mobilität, Elektrizitätsversorgung und Wärmeversorgung. Im Ökonomie-Teil widmen sich die Autoren den staatlichen und privatwirtschaftlichen Aktivitäten in Deutschland und Europa, die eine Ausweitung des Wasserstoffanteils am Energiemix zum Ziel haben. Das Buch richtet sich an Studierende und Praktiker der Technik-, Umwelt- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Nachhaltigkeitsforscher in Wissenschaft und Praxis, Lehrende sowie Entscheiderinnen und Entscheider in Politik und Wirtschaft.

This book develops a consistent macroscopic theory of electromagnetism and discusses the relation between circuit theory and filed theory. The theory is developed in successive steps from the Lorentz force, the integral form of Maxwell's equations in free space, and suitable macroscopic models of polarized and magnetized matter.It covers the electromagnetism of moving bodies and the process of electromechanical energy conversion; introduces a power-series technique for analyzing quasi-static fields and quasi-stationary systems; it emphasizes the synthesis of fields as opposed to the analysis of fields. Presented in an appendix, the reader will also find, the four-dimensional relativistic formulation of macroscopic electrodynamics.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Learn the basics of electronics and start designing and building your own creations! This follow-up to the bestselling Practical Electronics for Inventors shows hobbyists, makers, and students how to design useful electronic devices from readily available parts, integrated circuits, modules, and subassemblies. Practical Electronic Design for Experimenters gives you the knowledge necessary to develop and construct your own functioning gadgets. The book stresses that the real-world applications of electronics design-from autonomous robots to solar-powered devices-can be fun and far-reaching. Coverage includes: * Design resources * Prototyping and simulation * Testing and measuring * Common circuit design techniques * Power supply design * Amplifier design * Signal source design * Filter design * Designing with electromechanical devices * Digital design * Programmable logic devices * Designing with microcontrollers * Component selection * Troubleshooting and debugging

The Wiley Handbook of Science and Technology for Homeland Security is an essential and timely collection of resources designed to support the effective communication of homeland security research across all disciplines and institutional boundaries. Truly a unique work this 4 volume set focuses on the science behind safety, security, and recovery from both man-made and natural disasters has a broad scope and international focus.

The Handbook: Educates researchers in the critical needs of the homeland security and intelligence communities and the potential contributions of their own disciplines Emphasizes the role of fundamental science in creating novel technological solutions Details the international dimensions of homeland security and counterterrorism research Provides guidance on technology diffusion from the laboratory to the field Supports cross-disciplinary dialogue in this field between operational, R&D and consumer communities

Classical electromagnetism - one of the fundamental pillars of physics - is an important topic for all types of physicists from the theoretical to the applied. The subject is widely recognized to be one of the most challenging areas of the physics curriculum, both for students to learn and for lecturers to teach. Although textbooks on electromagnetism are plentiful, hardly any are written in the question-and-answer style format adopted in this book. It contains nearly 300 worked questions and solutions in classical electromagnetism, and is based on material usually encountered during the course of a standard university physics degree. Topics covered include some of the background mathematical techniques, electrostatics, magnetostatics, elementary circuit theory, electrodynamics, electromagnetic waves and electromagnetic radiation. For the most part the book deals with the microscopic theory, although we also introduce the important subject of macroscopic electromagnetism as well. Nearly all questions end with a series of comments whose purpose is to stimulate inductive reasoning and reach various important conclusions arising from the problem. Occasionally, points of historical interest are also mentioned. Both analytical and numerical techniques are used in obtaining and analyzing solutions. All computer calculations are performed with MathematicaCO (R) and the relevant code is provided in a notebook; either in the solution or the comments.

A comprehensive review to the synthesis, properties, and applications of diarylethene-based molecular photoswitches Diarylethene Molecular Photoswitches: Concept and Functionalities provides the fundamental concepts of molecular photoswitches and includes information on how the bistable photoswitches of diarylethenes modulate the functions of materials and biological activities. Written by Masahiro Irie (the inventor of photochromic diarylethene compound), the book explores the reaction mechanism, photoswitching performance, photoswitchable crystals, and the myriad applications of diarylethenes based photoswitches. This book offers academics, chemists, and engineers an essential resource for understanding the molecular photoswitches and provides a guide to the development of new photoresponsive materials. The author explores the applications based on diarylethene and its dirivatives to Field-Effect Transistors, Metal-Organic Frameworks including nanoparticles, super-resolution fluorescence microscopies, drug release, and self-healing materials. This important book: * Offers a guide to diarylethene derivatives, the most widely studied compounds worldwide among the photochromic compounds * Includes the basic concepts of molecular photoswitches * Explores the myraid applications grounded in diarylethene and its derivatives * Presents an authortative text from the inventor of the photochromic diarylethene compound Written for materials scientists, organic, polymer, and physical chemists, and electronics engineers, Diarylethene Molecular Photoswitches offers an introduction to the topic and includes recent developments in the field.

Reviews of the Fifth Edition: ..".a well-established text for undergraduate and graduate students...a good reference for engineers." ("IEEE Circuits & Devices Magazine, "November/December 2006)..".will serve very well for a number of courses in electrical and computing engineering...can also be used as a reference by practicing engineers who want to know about microcomputers." ("Computing Reviews.com, "December 14, 2005)"Long recognized for its clear and simple presentation of the principles and basic tools required to design typical digital systems..." ("IEEE Computer Magazine, "August 2005)"Fundamentals of Digital Logic and Microcomputer Design "has long been hailed for its clear and simple presentation of the principles and basic tools required to design typical digital systems, such as microcomputers. In this Sixth Edition, the author focuses on computer design at three levels: the device level, the logic level, and the system level. Basic topics are covered, such as number systems and Boolean algebra, combinational and sequential logic design, as well as more advanced subjects such as assembly language programming and microprocessor-based system design. Numerous examples are provided throughout the text, including a complete tutorial for compiling and debugging a C-Program using the MPLAB. A solutions manual is available to instructors who adopt this text for a university course.

The first comprehensive examination of optical switching: where the field is and where it's going

With its potential to unlock a significant portion of the optical fiber bandwidth, optical switching has attracted a great deal of attention from the telecommunications industry. While much has been published on the subject in individual articles, Optical Switching is the first to cohesively present the topic in a single book. The three authors examine and discuss all the challenges involved in the commercialization of optical switching. Readers are brought up to date with the latest advances in research as well as the technological hurdles that researchers and engineers still face.

One of the first topics addressed in the book is the optical switch fabric, the device that can redirect optical signals according to instructions that it receives from the switch control unit. The authors explore key issues surrounding optical switch fabrics, including the parameters taken into account when evaluating optical switching technologies, the potential applications of optical switches in networks, the most popular optical switching technologies, and the manufacture of switches with large port counts.

Next, the authors dedicate individual chapters to the three optical switching paradigms that are most promising: Optical Packet Switching (OPS) Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Optical Burst Switching (OBS)

Readers gain an in-depth understanding of the principles underlying each paradigm and each one's advantages and disadvantages. Illustrations are used extensively throughout the book to help readers visualize complex concepts and systems. The bibliography points readers tothe relevant literature for further investigation of particular topics.

For telecommunications and network engineers, this is the first source to bring together a current understanding of optical switching based on the latest research. It is also recommended as a supplement for courses on advanced optical networks to introduce students to this important emerging technology.

A practical overview of CMOS circuit design, this book covers the technology, analysis, and design techniques of voltage reference circuits. The design requirements covered follow modern CMOS processes, with an emphasis on low power, low voltage, and low temperature coefficient voltage reference design. Dedicating a chapter to each stage of the design process, the authors have organized the content to give readers the tools they need to implement the technologies themselves. Readers will gain an understanding of device characteristics, the practical considerations behind circuit topology, and potential problems with each type of circuit.

Many design examples are used throughout, most of which have been tested with silicon implementation or employed in real-world products. This ensures that the material presented relevant to both students studying the topic as well as readers requiring a practical viewpoint. Covers CMOS voltage reference circuit design, from the basics through to advanced topicsProvides an overview of basic device physics and different building blocks of voltage reference designsFeatures real-world examples based on actual silicon implementationIncludes analytical exercises, simulation exercises, and silicon layout exercises, giving readers guidance and design layout experience for voltage reference circuitsSolution manual available to instructors from the book's companion website

This book is highly useful for graduate students in VLSI design, as well as practicing analog engineers and IC design professionals. Advanced undergraduates preparing for further study in VLSI will also find this book a helpful companion text.

Master MATLAB step-by-step

The MATLAB– "MATrix LABoratory"–computational environment offers a rich set of capabilities to efficiently solve a variety of complex analysis, simulation, and optimization problems. Flexible, powerful, and relatively easy to use, the MATLAB environment has become a standard cost-effective tool within the engineering, science, and technology communities. Excellent as a self-teaching guide for professionals as well as a textbook for students, Engineering and Scientific Computations Using MATLAB helps you fully understand the MATLAB environment, build your skills, and apply its features to a wide range of applications.

Going beyond traditional MATLAB user manuals and college texts, Engineering and Scientific Computations Using MATLAB guides you through the most important aspects and basics of MATLAB programming and problem-solving from fundamentals to practice. Augmenting its discussion with a wealth of practical worked-out examples and qualitative illustrations, this book demonstrates MATLAB’s capabilities and offers step-by-step instructions on how to apply the theory to a practical real-world problem. In particular, the book features:

• Coverage of a variety of complex physical and engineering systems described by nonlinear differential equations
• Detailed application of MATLAB to electromechanical systems
• MATLAB files, scripts, and statements, as well as SIMULINK models which can be easily modified for application-specific problems encountered in practice

Readable, user-friendly, and comprehensive in scope this is a welcome introduction to MATLAB for those new to the program and an ideal companion for engineers seeking in-depth mastery of the high-performance MATLAB environment.

The main topic of this book is quantum mechanics, as the title indicates. It specifically targets those topics within quantum mechanics that are needed to understand modern semiconductor theory. It begins with the motivation for quantum mechanics and why classical physics fails when dealing with very small particles and small dimensions. Two key features make this book different from others on quantum mechanics, even those usually intended for engineers: First, after a brief introduction, much of the development is through Fourier theory, a topic that is at the heart of most electrical engineering theory. In this manner, the explanation of the quantum mechanics is rooted in the mathematics familiar to every electrical engineer. Secondly, beginning with the first chapter, simple computer programs in MATLAB are used to illustrate the principles. The programs can easily be copied and used by the reader to do the exercises at the end of the chapters or to just become more familiar with the material.

Many of the figures in this book have a title across the top. This title is the name of the MATLAB program that was used to generate that figure. These programs are available to the reader. Appendix D lists all the programs, and they are also downloadable at http: //booksupport.wiley.com