The book discusses homogenisation principles and mixing rules for the determination of the macroscopic dielectric and magnetic properties of different types of media. The effects of structure and anisotropy are discussed in detail, as well as mixtures involving chiral and nonlinear materials. High frequency scattering phenomena and dispersive properties are also discussed. The book includes analysis of special phenomena that the mixing process can cause, such as the difference in character between a mixture and its constituent parts. Mixing results are applied to different materials in geophysics and biology. Reference is also made to the historical perspectives of dielectric modelling. Examples are included throughout the text. Aimed at students with research interests in electromagnetics or materials science, the book is also useful as a textbook in universities, as a handbook of mixing principles, and as a sourcebook for composite material design.

Appropriate for courses in System Identification. This book is a comprehensive and coherent description of the theory, methodology and practice of System Identification—the science of building mathematical models of dynamic systems by observing input/output data. It puts the user in focus, giving the necessary background to understand theoretical foundation and emphasizing the practical aspects of the options and choices that face the user. The Second Edition has been updated to include material on subspace methods, non-linear black box models—such as neural networks—and methods that use frequency domain data.

Integral transform methods provide effective ways to solve a variety of problems arising in the engineering, optical and physical sciences. This concise, easy-to-follow reference text introduces the use of integral transforms, with a detailed discussion of the widely applicable Laplace and Fourier transforms. It is suitable as a self-study for practising engineers and applied mathematics, as well as a textbook for students in graduate-level courses in optics, engineering sciences, physics and mathematics. In most sections, applications relevant to engineers and applied scientists are used in place of formal proofs. Numerous examples, exercise sets, illustrations and tables enhance the book's usefulness as a teaching tool and reference.

With this authoritative, easy-to-follow guide, you can design and specify electrical systems for virtually any commercial building easily, efficiently, and accurately. Youll be able to submit lower bids, foster greater client satisfaction, and encounter fewer problems during construction. Electrical Design Guide for Commercial Buildings shows you step by step how to organize, layout and circuit, and complete the design of electrical power and telephone/communications systems for commercial and industrial buildings. This handy guide gives you all the information and tables you need within a comprehensive step-by-step map of the entire design process. You also get a rich assortment of schematics, sample details, typical floor plans, and model documents, the 10 most-used NEC tables, pro-level tips on energy conservation and cost cutting, and help withÑand even source code forÑfrequently used computer applications. Whether pro or novice, youll find the key to better, faster, and cheaper electrical design for commercial buildings inside this book.

How do corporations achieve change? In the first analytic book about Hewlett-Packard, Deone Zell also offers an ethnography of corporate redesign, documenting Hewlett-Packard's radical reorganization of both a manufacturing and a research division. Because she writes from within the process as it unfolds, Zell is able to demonstrate how the inclusion of employees in every step of redesign can inspire the knowledge and commitment to transform an organization.

Hewlett-Packard is among a growing number of companies in the United States exploring what is called sociotechnical systems (STS) redesign. As competitive pressures have grown, interest in STS has increased because it has the potential to catalyze comprehensive organizational change and avoid the pitfalls of a piecemeal or small-scale approach. STS works from the ground up, involving front-line employees in analysis and redesign of the entire organization and in explicit examination of an organization's culture.

In Hewlett-Packard's California Personal Computer Division, production operators worked alongside managers to redesign their printed circuit assembly line into self-managing teams of employees. In the Santa Clara Division, a very different workforce of engineers, initially unwilling to standardize their creativity, had to develop commercial applications and become more responsive to customers in order to survive.

On the basis of Hewlett-Packard's success, Zell concludes that, with top-level support and a high investment of resources at the outset, redesign can inspire relatively rapid change, especially suitable for organizations in fast-paced environments. As one H-P manager commented, "Empowerment is no longer a nice thing to do. It is now a business imperative."

Learn how to ensure optimal efficiency! Save money, resources--and guesswork--with this invaluable reference that can help you evaluate and improve transformer efficiency in electrical power systems more reliably. The author, a professional electrical system efficiency expert, clearly explains: the typical causes of poor efficiency in transformer load and no-load losses; traditional efficiency improvement methods, such as the use of larger conductors and properly sizing transformers; effective new solutions, including the use of amorphous steel and cryogenics, laser-etched silicon steel, and advanced design transformers. A diskette is included with the book containing the Environmental Protection Agency's Distribution Transformer Cost Evaluation Model (DTCEM), version 1.1. This program helps engineers perform the complex economic analyses needed to accurately determine the cost-effectiveness and emission reduction potential of high-efficiency transformers. It also provides the information necessary for facilities to weigh purchases of high-efficiency distriubtion transformers against competing resource options. Sure to be of ongoing benefit to any cost-conscious utility engineer or commercial and industrial engineer manager, this timely book plus computer program not only highlights a potentially significant savings opportunity, it also provides a sensible framework for evaluating losses and making more intelligent purchasing decisions.

Managing your CPD as a professional engineer. Are you making the most of your abilities and experience? This practical guide, designed specifically for engineers and technical professionals, will help you to realise much more of your potential through considered and structured CPD. It will help you to analyse where you wish to take your career, based on the clear identification and ongoing development of your competencies and skills. It explains how to base your CPD not just on courses but also on capturing your day-to-day learning. Details of personal development planning software and other useful resources are given, including how to use the internet and distance learning in your CPD. The role of the professional institutions, and the importance of coaching and mentoring are also discussed. Through a very readable text, with many practical diagrams and real-life case studies, you will develop a clear understanding of what CPD is and, more importantly, what it could do for you.

Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries technical exhibitions, held for the benefit of both cognoscente and the general public alike, have presented a mirror to the progress of science, engineering and, towards the second half of the 19th century and throughout the 20th century, to electrical technology. Exhibitions themselves are important not only to provide a given generation with a summary of its current capability but also to present a forum for new inventions and techniques, often shown to the public for the first time. The special requirements of exhibitions are also productive of new developments such as sophisticated lighting techniques, use of dioramas, new concepts in architecture, the first use of moving pavements and exploitation of new ideas in mass travel, such as monorail or magnetic levitation railways. Here the history of such public exhibitions is traced from their beginnings towards the end of the 18th century to the present day, with particular reference to their presentation of electrical invention and manufacture. The key factors determining this progression are described, together with the influence of competing nations in the changing format of these presentations. The book will be of interest to all those engineers who are interested in how their speciality has been presented to a wider public in the past and provide a pointer to its continued presence in the media for the decades ahead.

How can a company decide where to concentrate its expertise? Why are some companies better at exploiting their strengths than others? Is there a link between the range of a company's activities and its success and profitability? These are just some of the questions at the heart of a make or buy strategy for manufacturing business. Most companies will face issues such as these at some time or other, and in resolving them will determine the future shape of the business - for better or worse. Based on original research and case experience, this book presents a structured approach to making these important decisions. By drawing on the collective knowledge of people in the company, a make or buy strategy can be developed which focuses manufacturing capability on the factors critical to business success. The key aspects covered include: the links between business strategy, vertical integration in manufacturing industry, and business performance; why a make or buy strategy is central to manufacturing capability and business results; the difference between strategic, tactical and component make or buy issues; the best practice approach to make or buy decisions; what is involved in developing an optimal make or buy strategy for a business; how to apply the approach to your own business. The book is aimed at directors and managers from manufacturing companies concerned with developing their capabilities and focusing their strengths, but many other people in manufacturing, finance, engineering, purchasing and service operations will find something of value in this book.

This book explains the hazards associated with electricity in its many forms, including electromagnetic radiation. It describes methods of reducing risks to health and to the environment, giving rules and codes of practice to be followed. Guidelines are also given for the use of electrical equipment in specialised environments (such as locations subject to explosive gases and flammable dusts), the guarding of machine tools and the control of earth currents. Human safety and care for the environment are of increasing concern and the broad scope of the book makes it essential reading for those involved in engineering and technology at all levels; no specialised knowledge of electro-technology is presumed. It is a reference book for personnel responsible for their company's safety policy and for municipal authorities (particularly in Commonwealth countries) and other bodies concerned with technical training, industrial development and planning.

This is the story of the "other" Thomas Edison--not the heroic lone inventor, but Edison the businessman, industrialist, and successful manager of one of the world's largest industrial research laboratories. Tracing his career from his boyhood to his death in 1931, Edison and the Business of Innovation reveals Edison to be an entrepreneur of extraordinary vision. From extensive research in the Edison archives at West Orange, New Jersey, Andre Millard presents new information about Edison the businessman and provides new interpretations of old issues.

One of the most significant developments in telecommunications in the last decade, the very small aperture terminal (VSAT), as part of a satellite communications network, is the culmination of technology that allows earth terminals to be located on users' premises to provide data, voice and even video services. Networks based on VSATs can be established rapidly and reconfigured to respond to changing communications needs in a flexible and cost-effective manner. In 28 chapters written by individuals who have made major contributions to the VSAT scene, Very Small Aperture Terminals describes the key technology underlying these systems, representative systems from leading vendors, link budgets, system protocols, data distribution based on television broadcasting, service provision, economic and, perhaps most importantly, regulatory issues. Very Small Aperture Terminals is essential reading for anyone involved in telecommunications systems management or the engineering aspects, from equipment manufacturers to those who will use the systems. The technology and systems chapters will be of interest to practising engineers and postgraduate engineering students who require an introduction to the subject. Those with responsibilities for licensing and regulation will find their functions put into context.

In its original form, this widely acclaimed primer on the fundamentals of quantized semiconductor structures was published as an introductory chapter in Raymond Dingle's edited volume (24) of Semiconductors and Semimetals. Having already been praised by reviewers for its excellent coverage, this material is now available in an updated and expanded "student edition." This work promises to become a standard reference in the field. It covers the basics of electronic states as well as the fundamentals of optical interactions and quantum transport in two-dimensional quantized systems. This revised student edition also includes entirely new sections discussing applications and one-dimensional and zero-dimensional systems.
Key Features
* Available for the first time in a new, expanded version
* Provides a concise introduction to the fundamentals and fascinating applications of quantized semiconductor structures

One of the main fields of study in the control of dynamical systems has been the effective control of time-varying systems with uncertain parameters and external disturbances. In contrast to stochastic adaptive controllers with identification algorithms, the deterministic control of uncertain time-varying systems has a fixed nonlinear feedback controller, which operates effectively over a specified magnitude range of a class of system variations. If the variations satisfy certain matching conditions, complete insensitivity to system uncertainties can be achieved. The two main approaches are Variables Structure and Lyapunov control. The contents of this book reflect the research output of many authors. The chapters include material of an introductory nature as well as some of the latest research results. Attention has also been focussed upon some of the main areas of application, which include electric motor drives, robotics and flight control systems. The book should prove useful to control designers, theoreticians and graduate students.

Recent progress in the design and production of digital signal processing (DSP) devices has provided significant new opportunities to workers in the already extensive field of signal processing. It is now possible to contemplate the use of DSP techniques in cost-sensitive wide bandwidth applications, thereby making more effective use of the large body of available signal processing knowledge. Digital signal processing, long the province of telecommunications is, in both research and applications contexts, of growing importance in fields of medical signal analysis, industrial control (particularly robotics), in the analysis and synthesis of speech and in both audio and video entertainment systems. The growing demand for engineering skills in these areas has led to the writing of this book and the presentation of the material of the book at an lEE-sponsored Vacation School at the University of Leicester. This book is different from others in the field in that it not only presents the fundamentals of DSP ranging from data conversion to z-transforms and spectral analysis, extending this into the areas of digital filtering and control, but also gives significant detail of the new devices themselves and how to use them. In addition to presenting the basic theory and describing the devices and how to design with them, the material is consolidated by extensive use of real examples in specific case studies. The book is directed at readers with first degree level training in engineering, physical sciences or mathematics and with some understanding of electronics, and is appropriate for design engineers in industry, users of DSP devices in scientific research and in all technical development areas associated with the processing of signals for display, storage, transmission or control.

This book covers theoretical methods for the design of continuous time controllers for linear multivariate systems. It is intended for use by those wishing to build on a first course in control systems, either to expand their knowledge as practising engineers or as postgraduate students doing higher degrees in control engineering. Based on material used in graduate courses taught by Professor Balasubramanian at the University of New Brunswick, this book brings together state space and frequency domain design methods for linear multivariable systems. It compares their similarities and highlights the advantages or disadvantages of the various approaches for particular applications. Divided into eleven chapters this book covers in some depth: state space design methods, frequency domain methods for multivariable systems, characteristic locus desiqn methods and stochastic control problems.

This book presents a wide ranging coverage of principles, state-of-the-art design and up-to-date applications of microstrip antennas; Includes detailed explanations of a variety of analytical techniques from transmission line theory to moments methods and their applications to CAD; Covers the numerous patch designs and array configurations giving many examples of practical applications; Discusses microstrip technology in detail including substrates, processing and environmental aspects; Addresses measurement methods particular to printed antennas such as substrate and connector characterisation and near field probing; Application areas covered include antennas for satellite terrestrial and mobile communications, conformal and aerospace antennas, phased arrays, hyperthermia applicators and millimetric antennas.

The result of a joint effort between representatives of private industry and academia, the publication is divided into sections on elements, alloys, insulators and compound semi-conductors. An index and bibliography are lacking. Numerous simple graphs and charts are provided, in fact most of the boo

The temperature on earth varies over a wide range whereas man can only work comfortably in a quite narrow temperature range that has to be artificially maintained. In addition, many industries have extensive requirements for temperature control. Thus control engineers are called upon very frequently to design temperature control loops. A general knowledge of control engineering is of course useful in designing temperature control loops.However, temperature control has some special features: (i) asymmetries caused by the usually differing mechanisms of heating and cooling (ii) complex nonlinear heat-transfer effects (iii) highly application-dependent measurement problems. The intention of this book is to treat the theory and practice of temperature measurement and control, and important related topics such as energy management and air pollution, at a level suitable for engineering and science undergraduate and postgraduate students, and in a manner designed to make the book valuable to practising engineers. There are no specific prerequisites for the book although a knowledge of elementary control theory could be useful. The philosophy of the book is a compromise between fundamentals and practical guidelines. It is the author's firm belief that it is highly desirable to obtain a good insight into theoretical fundamentals (deeper than can be justified on grounds of immediate utility) before embarking on practical applications. The aim has been to produce a practically oriented text within a firm theoretical outline. The first half of the book is an application oriented survey of temperature measurement techniques and devices. The second half is concerned mainly with temperature control in both simple and complex situations. There are chapters on heat sources, commercially available controllers, temperature control in buildings and energy conservation. The book ends with an appendix that rapidly surveys the underpinning thermodynamic theory.

In 1961, Moore and Miljanic in collaboration with N. L Kusters developed the current comparator, for which a patent was granted in 1964. Since that time they and their associates have applied this technique toward advancing the art of electrical measurement. The current comparator comprises a special configuration of concentric toroidal magnetic cores and windings which enable the physical realisation of a very precise ampere-turns ratio standard. It provides the basis for the precise measurement of various electrical quantities at both direct and alternating currents using current ratio techniques. Applications include the calibration of instrument transformers, measurement of the losses of high voltage capacitors and inductive reactors, measurement of the short circuit losses of large power transformers, the calibration of power and energy meters, an alternating current impedance bridge, direct current resistance measurements, the calibration of high direct current metering systems and shunts, a seven decade direct current potentiometer, and a 20 bit digital-to-analogue converter. The book presents the basic theory of the current comparator, methods of construction leading to high ratio accuracies, and the operating principles of the various applications.

'To the surprise of some undergraduates, processes do not carry labels marking their variables nor, alas, are they conveniently classified into linear, nonlinear, stochastic, etc., categories. The ability to come to terms with this situation is a prerequisite for anyone proposing to succeed in an industrial environment.' This quotation from Chapter 1 characterises the viewpoint of the book, which is concerned with the application of control theory to real problems in their industrial context. The book is structured around the following beliefs: *(a) Economic aspects must be considered at an early stage of any project. *(b) Simple techniques and ready-made manufacturer's solutions should be applied wherever possible. *(c) More advanced techniques will be received enthusiastically in those applications where they can offer a genuine contribution. *(d) Control systems using distributed microprocessor power will have an impact that is difficult to exaggerate. Control engineers must become familiar with the concepts involved. *(e) Familiarity with a wide range of applications is indispensable in developing an efficient approach in the field of applied control theory. This second edition includes new material and supporting references on: * robotics control * programmable logic controllers * self-tuning controllers * distributed computer control systems * biotechnological control The book should be accessible to a wide variety of engineers. Preferably they should have an elementary knowledge of automatic control theory.