This book introduces the powerful Finite-Difference Time-Domain method to students and interested researchers and readers. An effective introduction is accomplished using a step-by-step process that builds competence and confidence in developing complete working codes for the design and analysis of various antennas and microwave devices. This book will serve graduate students, researchers, and those in industry and government who are using other electromagnetics tools and methods for the sake of performing independent numerical confirmation. No previous experience with finite-difference methods is assumed of readers. Key features Presents the fundamental techniques of the FDTD method at a graduate level, taking readers from conceptual understanding to actual program development. Full derivations are provided for final equations. Includes 3D illustrations to aid in visualization of field components and fully functional MATLAB (R) code examples. Completely revised and updated for this second edition, including expansion into advanced techniques such as total field/scattered field formulation, dispersive material modeling, analysis of periodic structures, non-uniform grid, and graphics processing unit acceleration of finite-difference time-domain method.

We all enjoy the benefits of the 'information age' but we may not be aware of the range of technologies and infrastructure that underpins the Internet and the services that it supports. There are many companies involved in the business of providing and operating such resources. This book attempts to explain the complex interplay between the companies, how their businesses operate, and how they seek to make a profit. The authors consider how telecommunications companies tackle the challenging Information and Communication Technology market place - how they make a case for investment, develop and market products, and how they operate telecommunications networks and computer-server resources. Topics covered include: an introduction to the telecommunications business; regulation; business strategy; corporate finance and governance; network economics; network strategy and planning; customers and marketing; product management; network and service operations; and people and organisation development. In particular, this book provides a comprehensive introduction to the tools for analysing markets, constructing business cases and providing customer service - all with specific reference to telecommunications and reallife case studies. The authors have based this book on the material used to teach Masters Degree students over the last 10 years, as well as drawing on their knowledge gained through a combined experience of over 80 years working within the industry. Understanding Telecommunications Business is essential for undergraduate and graduate students studying telecommunications, and will also find a place on the bookshelves of the many people already working in the industry, or considering joining it. Although selfcontained, this book forms a companion to Understanding Telecommunications Networks, which is also in the IET Telecommunications series.

Practical Communication Theory, 2nd Edition enables the reader to quickly and easily generate the answers to real-world problems encountered in specifying, testing, and fielding any type of systems that involve radio propagation. It deals with free space radio propagation and propagation near the ground and over the ridge lines. As a bonus, this book also includes a special antenna and propagation slide rule, with unique scales, along with detailed explanations, and examples, of how to use it. Now in its second edition, Practical Communication has been updated to include new material on radio propagation near the earth in communication bands, which also explains how to use the slide rule scales for each of the appropriate propagation modes. The section on dynamic range has been expanded and there is additional material on knife-edge diffraction. The appendices have also been updated to include extra propagation formulae and graphs.

This book provides comprehensive coverage of 3D vision systems, from vision models and state-of-the-art algorithms to their hardware architectures for implementation on DSPs, FPGA and ASIC chips, and GPUs. It aims to fill the gaps between computer vision algorithms and real-time digital circuit implementations, especially with Verilog HDL design. The organization of this book is vision and hardware module directed, based on Verilog vision modules, 3D vision modules, parallel vision architectures, and Verilog designs for the stereo matching system with various parallel architectures. * Provides Verilog vision simulators, tailored to the design and testing of general vision chips * Bridges the differences between C/C++ and HDL to encompass both software realization and chip implementation; includes numerous examples that realize vision algorithms and general vision processing in HDL * Unique in providing an organized and complete overview of how a real-time 3D vision system-on-chip can be designed * Focuses on the digital VLSI aspects and implementation of digital signal processing tasks on hardware platforms such as ASICs and FPGAs for 3D vision systems, which have not been comprehensively covered in one single book * Provides a timely view of the pervasive use of vision systems and the challenges of fusing information from different vision modules * Accompanying website includes software and HDL code packages to enhance further learning and develop advanced systems * A solution set and lecture slides are provided on the book's companion website The book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in computer vision and embedded systems, as well as chip and FPGA designers. Senior undergraduate students specializing in VLSI design or computer vision will also find the book to be helpful in understanding advanced applications.

This book addresses the need to establish measurement standards for electromagnetic fields to produce accurate results and is ideal for engineers concerned with measurement techniques. While it provides a review of fundamental properties of electromagnetic fields and the simple antennas that can generate and receive such fields, the main focus of this book is dedicated to the analysis of the accuracy of measurements and field standards using a range of radiating structures. It is designed to help develop the following measurement standards: proper calibration of the measuring instrument, external environmental factors that affect accuracy and competence and training of the instrument operator. As such, it is ideal for practicing engineers in the field of antennas, electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic propagation who are concerned with measurement techniques.This is a companion book to "Electromagnetic Measurements of the Near Field."

This book offers detailed coverage of color, colorants, the coloring of materials, and reproducing the color of materials through imaging. It combines the clarity and ease of earlier editions with significant updates about the advancement in color theory and technology. Provides guidance for how to use color measurement instrumentation, make a visual assessment, set a visual tolerance, and select a formulation Supplements material with numerical examples, graphs, and illustrations that clarify and explain complex subjects Expands coverage of topics including spatial vision, solid-state lighting, cameras and spectrophotometers, and translucent materials

For courses in Electronic Communications and Communication Systems. Maintaining the tradition of previous editions, this ninth edition includes up-to-date coverage of the latest in electronic communications and concepts. The material presented reflects advancements and developments in all aspects of electronic communications such as mobile communications, satellite communications, digital signal processing and SS7 signaling. Electronic Workbench Multisim simulations appear at the end of each chapter and in-text learning aids further develop students' analytical and troubleshooting skills.

This text/reference is a detailed look at the development and use of integral equation methods for electromagnetic analysis, specifically for antennas and radar scattering. Developers and practitioners will appreciate the broad-based approach to understanding and utilizing integral equation methods and the unique coverage of historical developments that led to the current state-of-the-art. In contrast to existing books, "Integral Equation Methods for Electromagnetics" lays the groundwork in the initial chapters so students and basic users can solve simple problems and work their way up to the most advanced and current solutions. This is the first book to discuss the solution of two-dimensional integral equations in many forms of their application and utility. As 2D problems are simpler to discuss, the student and basic reader can gain the necessary expertise before diving into 3D applications. This is also the first basic text to cover fast integral methods for metallic, impedance, and material geometries. It will provide the student or advanced reader with a fairly complete and up-to-date coverage of integral methods for composite scatterers.

This book presents both fundamental knowledge and latest achievements of this rapidly growing field in the last decade. It presents a complete and concise picture of the the state-of-the-art in the field, encompassing the most active international research groups in the world. Led by contributions from leading global research groups, the book discusses the functionalization of semiconductor surface. Dry organic reactions in vacuum and wet organic chemistry in solution are two major categories of strategies for functionalization that will be described. The growth of multilayer-molecular architectures on the formed organic monolayers will be documented. The immobilization of biomolecules such as DNA on organic layers chemically attached to semiconductor surfaces will be introduced. The patterning of complex structures of organic layers and metallic nanoclusters toward sensing techniques will be presented as well.

In a society predicated on information, the media has a pervasive presence. From government policy to leisure television, the information age touches us all. The papers collected in this book constitute some of today's leading analyses of the information industry. Together, these essays represent a needed foundation for understanding the present state and future development of the mass media. Current trends in communications as well as media impact on public opinion are studied and reported on.

This book provides the practicing engineer with a concise listing of commercial and open-source modeling and simulation tools currently available including examples of implementing those tools for solving specific Modeling and Simulation examples. Instead of focusing on the underlying theory of Modeling and Simulation and fundamental building blocks for custom simulations, this book compares platforms used in practice, and gives rules enabling the practicing engineer to utilize available Modeling and Simulation tools. This book will contain insights regarding common pitfalls in network Modeling and Simulation and practical methods for working engineers.

This second edition is an extensive modernization of the bestselling introduction to the subject of adaptive array sensor systems. With the number of applications of adaptive array sensor systems growing each year, this look at the principles and fundamental techniques that are critical to these systems is more important than ever before. "Introduction to Adaptive Arrays, 2nd Edition" is organized as a tutorial, taking the reader by the hand and leading them through the maze of jargon that often surrounds this highly technical subject. It is easy to read and easy to follow, as fundamental concepts are introduced with examples before more current developments and techniques are introduced. Problems at the end of each chapter serve both instructors and professional readers by illustrating and extending the material presented in the text. Both students and practicing engineers will easily gain familiarity with the modern contribution that adaptive arrays have to offer practical signal reception systems.

In the tradition of The Fantastic Adventures of Nikola Tesla, The Anti-Gravity Handbook and The Free Energy Device Handbook, science and UFO author David Hatcher Childress takes us into the incredible world of Nikola Tesla and his amazing inventions. Tesla's rare article, 'The Problem of Increasing Human Energy with Special Reference to the Harnessing of the Sun's Energy' is included. This lengthy article was originally publishing in the June 1900 issue of The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine and it was the outline for Tesla's master blueprint for the world. Tesla's fantastic vision of the future, including wireless power, anti-gravity, free energy and highly advanced solar power. Also included are some of the papers, patents and material collected on Tesla at the Colorado Spring Tesla Symposiums. Tesla was the inventor of the radio before Marconi, and when he demonstrated wireless remote control to the US Navy in the late 1890s, they replied that it was too advanced! Tesla was an eccentric visionary and probably the greatest inventor who ever lived. His basic inventions power the world of today. What was his vision of tomorrow? Find out in The Tesla Papers.

More than 50,000 copies of this powerful study guide sold in the first edition! Covering a broad range of topics, from simple DC magnetic circuits to electronic control of DC and AC motors, all the concepts and their applications are clearly explained and illustrated. Includes hundreds of problems with detailed solutions to help students learn quickly and reaise test scores without investing unnecessary time. Ideal for undergraduate students of electrical engineering, for solo study, and as a refresher.

A guide to the application of the theory and practice of computing to develop and maintain software that economically solves real-world problem How to Engineer Software is a practical, how-to guide that explores the concepts and techniques of model-based software engineering using the Unified Modeling Language. The author--a noted expert on the topic--demonstrates how software can be developed and maintained under a true engineering discipline. He describes the relevant software engineering practices that are grounded in Computer Science and Discrete Mathematics. Model-based software engineering uses semantic modeling to reveal as many precise requirements as possible. This approach separates business complexities from technology complexities, and gives developers the most freedom in finding optimal designs and code. The book promotes development scalability through domain partitioning and subdomain partitioning. It also explores software documentation that specifically and intentionally adds value for development and maintenance. This important book: Contains many illustrative examples of model-based software engineering, from semantic model all the way to executable code Explains how to derive verification (acceptance) test cases from a semantic model Describes project estimation, along with alternative software development and maintenance processes Shows how to develop and maintain cost-effective software that solves real-world problems Written for graduate and undergraduate students in software engineering and professionals in the field, How to Engineer Software offers an introduction to applying the theory of computing with practice and judgment in order to economically develop and maintain software.

Gain a new perspective on how the brain works and inspires new avenues for design in computer science and engineering

This unique book is the first of its kind to introduce human memory and basic cognition in terms of physical circuits, beginning with the possibilities of ferroelectric behavior of neural membranes, moving to the logical properties of neural pulses recognized as solitons, and finally exploring the architecture of cognition itself. It encourages invention via the methodical study of brain theory, including electrically reversible neurons, neural networks, associative memory systems within the brain, neural state machines within associative memory, and reversible computers in general. These models use standard analog and digital circuits that, in contrast to models that include non-physical components, may be applied directly toward the goal of constructing a machine with artificial intelligence based on patterns of the brain.

Writing from the circuits and systems perspective, the author reaches across specialized disciplines including neuroscience, psychology, and physics to achieve uncommon coverage of:

Neural membranes

Neural pulses and neural memory

Circuits and systems for memorizing and recalling

Dendritic processing and human learning

Artificial learning in artificial neural networks

The asset of reversibility in man and machine

Electrically reversible nanoprocessors

Reversible arithmetic

Hamiltonian circuit finders

Quantum versus classical

Each chapter introduces and develops new material and ends with exercises for readers to put their skills into practice. Appendices are provided for non-experts who want a quick overview of brain anatomy, brain psychology, and brain scanning. The nature of this book, with its summaries of major bodies of knowledge, makes it a most valuable reference for professionals, researchers, and students with career goals in artificial intelligence, intelligent systems, neural networks, computer architecture, and neuroscience.

A solutions manual is available for instructors; to obtain a copy please email the editorial department at [email protected].

Many items we use in our daily lives - the traffic signals, motion sensors, fingerprint readers, cell phone cameras, bar code scanners, and DVD players - rely upon plastic optical systems to perform. Consequently, there is a growing need for individuals who are knowledgeable in the design, development, and production of such systems. This book provides an overview of the design of plastic optical systems and is structured along the lines of a typical development project. Following a brief background discussion, the advantages and disadvantages of plastic optics are considered. Next, the available materials and their properties are described, as well as the issues of material selection and specification. Various manufacturing methods are reviewed, followed by a chapter on design guidelines, leading into several design examples. Following the examples, the prototyping and testing of a design is covered. Finally, bringing the design to production is discussed. Several groups will benefit from the material presented, including optical engineers, technical managers, and engineers of other disciplines who need to design and develop plastic optical systems but lack the knowledge or training to do so. With the help of this book, readers should understand the benefits and limitations of plastic optical systems and be able to determine if this technology is appropriate for their applications. They will have the basic knowledge to undertake the design of these systems, should they choose to do so themselves, or they will be able to have the appropriate conversations with the individuals or companies they ask to perform the work.

A comprehensive and fascinating account of electrical and electronics history

Much of the infrastructure of today's industrialized world arose in the period from the outbreak of World War I to the conclusion of World War II. It was during these years that the capabilities of traditional electrical engineering--generators, power transmission, motors, electric lighting and heating, home appliances, and so on--became ubiquitous. Even more importantly, it was during this time that a new type of electrical engineering--electronics--emerged. Because of its applications in communications (both wire-based and wireless), entertainment (notably radio, the phonograph, and sound movies), industry, science and medicine, and the military, the electronics industry became a major part of the economy.

Dawn of the Electronic Age?explores how this engineering knowledge and its main applications developed in various scientific, economic, and social contexts, and explains how each was profoundly affected by electrical technologies. It takes an international perspective and a narrative approach, unfolding the story chronologically.

Though a scholarly study (with sources of information given in endnotes for engineers and historians of science and technology), the book is intended for the general public.?Ultimately, it tells the story of the development of a new realm of engineering and its widespread applications during the remarkable and tragic period of two world wars and the decades in between.

This book is an essential resource for researchers involved in designing antennas and RCS calculations. It is also useful for students studying high frequency diffraction techniques. It contains basic original ideas of the Physical Theory of Diffraction (PTD), examples of its practical application, and its validation by the mathematical theory of diffraction. The derived analytic expressions are convenient for numerical calculations and clearly illustrate the physical structure of the scattered field. The text's key topics include: Theory of diffraction at black bodies introduces the Shadow Radiation, a fundamental component of the scattered field; RCS of finite bodies of revolution-cones, paraboloids, etc.; models of construction elements for aircraft and missiles; scheme for measurement of that part of a scattered field which is radiated by the diffraction (so-called nonuniform) currents induced on scattering objects; development of the parabolic equation method for investigation of edge-diffraction; and a new exact and asymptotic solutions in the strip diffraction problems, including scattering at an open resonator.

"Triple Play"is a combination of Internet access, voice communication (telephony), and entertainment services such as IP television and video on demand.

The erosion of the traditional voice service, together with the ever-increasing competition between companies, is pushing the telecommunications industry towards a major shift in its business models. Customers want more services in a more flexible way. Today, this shift can only be carried out by offering converged services built around the Internet Protocol (IP). Triple Play, a bundle of voice, video, and data services for residential customers, is the basis of this new strategy.

Hens and Caballero explain how and why the telecommunications industry is facing this change, how to define, implement and offer these new services, and describes the technology behind the converged network. "Triple Play" analyses a number of business strategies to minimise costs, while migrating infrastructures and offering new services.

"Triple Play: "Describes the elementary concepts of triple play service provision and gives detailed technical information to highlight key aspects.Discussed access networks, transport, signaling, service definition and business models.Covers the latest innovations in Triple Play services such as Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM), VDSL2 (Very High Speed DSL second generation), pseudowires andMultiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS).Explores video solutions (encoding, IPTV, VoD) alongside transmission and switching technologies (Ethernet, DSL, PON, NG-SDH).Includes a chapter on IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) and on fixed/mobile convergence.

"Triple Play: Building the Converged Network for IP, VoIP and IPTV" provides decision makers, engineers, telecommunications operators, network equipment manufacturers, installers and IT managers with a thorough understanding of the changes of traditional voice service and its impact upon the telecommunications industry.

The book introduces the reader to the major components of a high voltage system and the different insulating materials applied in particular equipments. During a review of these materials, measurable properties suitable for condition assessment are identified. Analyses are included of some of the insulation fault scenarios that may occur in power equipment. The basic facilities for carrying out tests on the internal and external insulation structures at high and low voltages are described. Tests and measurements according to specifications, on-site requirements and research investigations are considered. Advances in the application of digital techniques for detection and analyses of partial discharges are discussed and methods in use, or under development, for service condition monitoring are described. These include the utilization of new sensors, the solution of online problems associated with noise rejection and the adaptation of artificial intelligence techniques for incipient fault diagnosis. The subject matter of the book is suitable for final year courses in electrical power engineering, short courses in insulation condition assessment and postgraduate programmes. Power system engineers associated with high voltage equipment should find the book of value in relation to fault investigations, maintenance requirements, insulation testing and condition monitoring.

This classic opens with a history of the development of the infrared portion of the spectrum, probes the system engineering process, and then examines the characteristics of the successful system engineer. The next eleven chapters delve deeply into the elements of infrared technology. Chapter 13 explains the functional relationships between the various system elements and the effects of their interactions when assembled into a system. In Chapter 14 the reader is invited to watch the development of an infrared search system for commercial jet transports.
Part II contains an in-depth treatment of the applications of infrared techniques to the solution of military, industrial, medical, and scientific problems. It contains nearly 1400 annotated references to the infrared literature of the world. The annotations summarize the content, describe the hardware, details its performance and examine the significant results. The references are carefully arranged, extensively indexed, and does not contain citations to the classified or report literature, a feature appreciated by most readers. For those readers having the necessary credentials, Appendix 4 is a guide to the unpublished and classified literature of the infrared.