Heterogeneous wireless networking, which is sometimes referred to as the fourth-generation (4G) wireless, is a new frontier in the future wireless communications technology and there has been a growing interest on this topic among researchers and engineers in both academia and industry. This book will include a set of research and survey articles featuring the recent advances in theory and applications of heterogeneous wireless networking technology for the next generation (e.g., fourth generation) wireless communications systems. With the rapid growth in the number of wireless applications, services and devices, using a single wireless technology such as a second generation (2G) and third generation (3G) wireless system would not be efficient to deliver high speed data rate and quality-of-service (QoS) support to mobile users in a seamless way. Fourth generation (4G) wireless systems are devised with the vision of heterogeneity in which a mobile user/device will be able to connect to multiple wireless networks (e.g., WLAN, cellular, WMAN) simultaneously. This book intends to provide a unified view on the state-of-the-art of protocols and architectures for heterogeneous wireless networking. The contributed articles will cover both the theoretical concepts and system-level implementation issues related to design, analysis, and optimization of architectures and protocols for heterogeneous wireless access networks.

Software-based cryptography can be used for security applications where data traffic is not too large and low encryption rate is tolerable. But hardware methods are more suitable where speed and real-time encryption are needed. Until now, there has been no book explaining how cryptographic algorithms can be implemented on reconfigurable hardware devices. This book covers computational methods, computer arithmetic algorithms, and design improvement techniques needed to implement efficient cryptographic algorithms in FPGA reconfigurable hardware platforms. The author emphasizes the practical aspects of reconfigurable hardware design, explaining the basic mathematics involved, and giving a comprehensive description of state-of-the-art implementation techniques.

"Multicast Sockets: Practical Guide for Programmers" is a hands-on, application-centric approach to multicasting (as opposed to a network-centric one) that is filled with examples, ideas, and experimentation. Each example builds on the last to introduce multicast concepts, frameworks, and APIs in an engaging manner that does not burden the reader with lots of theory and jargon. The book is an introduction to multicasting but assumes that the reader has a background in network programming and is proficient in C or Java. After reading the book, you will have a firm grasp on how to write a multicast program.
Features:
* Author team of instructor and application programmer is reflected in this rich instructional and practical approach to the subject material
* Only book available that provides a clear, concise, application-centric approach to programming multicast applications and covers several languages C, Java, and C# on the .NET platform
* Covers important topics like service models, testing reachability, and addressing and scoping.
* Includes numerous examples and exercises for programmers and students to test what they have learned"

Network Science, Nonlinear Science and Infrastructure Systems has been written by leading scholars in these areas. Its express purpose is to develop common theoretical underpinnings to better solve modern infrastructural problems. It is felt by many who work in these fields that many modern communication problems, ranging from transportation networks to telecommunications, Internet, supply chains, etc., are fundamentally infrastructure problems. Moreover, these infrastructure problems would benefit greatly from a confluence of theoretical and methodological work done with the areas of Network Science, Dynamical Systems and Nonlinear Science. This book is dedicated to the formulation of infrastructural tools that will better solve these types of infrastructural problems.

These proceedings gather cutting-edge papers exploring the principles, techniques, and applications of Microservices in Big Data Analytics. The ICETCE-2019 is the latest installment in a successful series of annual conferences that began in 2011. Every year since, it has significantly contributed to the research community in the form of numerous high-quality research papers. This year, the conference's focus was on the highly relevant area of Microservices in Big Data Analytics.

This book explores potentially disruptive and transformative healthcare-specific use cases made possible by the latest developments in Internet of Things (IoT) technology and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Healthcare data can be subjected to a range of different investigations in order to extract highly useful and usable intelligence for the automation of traditionally manual tasks. In addition, next-generation healthcare applications can be enhanced by integrating the latest knowledge discovery and dissemination tools. These sophisticated, smart healthcare applications are possible thanks to a growing ecosystem of healthcare sensors and actuators, new ad hoc and application-specific sensor and actuator networks, and advances in data capture, processing, storage, and mining. Such applications also take advantage of state-of-the-art machine and deep learning algorithms, major strides in artificial and ambient intelligence, and rapid improvements in the stability and maturity of mobile, social, and edge computing models.

This book presents the proceedings of the 2nd EAI International Conference on Technology, Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Education (TIE' 2018), which took place at Ravensbourne University London, London, UK, on September 4, 2018. The central theme of the conference is emerging technologies in relation to business, education, social and political needs that make modern society flourish. The proceedings feature papers from a cross-disciplinary audience that explore the process of creativity and innovation. The goal is that the various disciplines can learn from each other and see how they might benefit from the cross-fertilization of practices.

"Satellite Network Robust QoS-aware Routing" presents a novel routing strategy for satellite networks. This strategy is useful for the design of multi-layered satellite networks as it can greatly reduce the number of time slots in one system cycle. The traffic prediction and engineering approaches make the system robust so that the traffic spikes can be handled effectively. The multi-QoS optimization routing algorithm can satisfy various potential user requirements. Clear and sufficient illustrations are also presented in the book. As the chapters cover the above topics independently, readers from different research backgrounds in constellation design, multi-QoS routing, and traffic engineering can benefit from the book.

Fei Long is a senior engineer at Beijing R&D Center of 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation.

This book is a collection of articles studying various Steiner tree prob lems with applications in industries, such as the design of electronic cir cuits, computer networking, telecommunication, and perfect phylogeny. The Steiner tree problem was initiated in the Euclidean plane. Given a set of points in the Euclidean plane, the shortest network interconnect ing the points in the set is called the Steiner minimum tree. The Steiner minimum tree may contain some vertices which are not the given points. Those vertices are called Steiner points while the given points are called terminals. The shortest network for three terminals was first studied by Fermat (1601-1665). Fermat proposed the problem of finding a point to minimize the total distance from it to three terminals in the Euclidean plane. The direct generalization is to find a point to minimize the total distance from it to n terminals, which is still called the Fermat problem today. The Steiner minimum tree problem is an indirect generalization. Schreiber in 1986 found that this generalization (i.e., the Steiner mini mum tree) was first proposed by Gauss."

Optical Networks - Architecture and Survivability, is a state-of-the-art work on survivable and cost-effective design of control and management for networks with IP directly over Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology (or called Optical Internet). The authors address issues of signaling mechanisms, resource reservation, and survivable routing and wavelength assignment. Special emphasis has been given to the design of meshed, middle-sized, and wavelength-routed networks with dynamic traffic in the optical domain, such as the next-generation Metropolitan Area Network.

Research and development engineers, graduate students studying wavelength-routed WDM networks, and senior undergraduate students with a background in algorithms and networking will find this book interesting and useful. This work may also be used as supplemental readings for graduate courses on internetworking, routing, survivability, and network planning algorithms.

QoS is an important subject which occupies a central place in overall packet network technologies. A complex subject, its analysis involves such mathematical disciplines as probability, random variables, stochastic processes and queuing. These mathematical subjects are abstract, not easy to grasp for uninitiated persons.

QoS in Packet Networks is written with two objectives. The first explains the fundamental mathematical concepts used in QoS analysis as plainly as possible, in layman's terms to afford the reader a better appreciation of the subject of QoS treated in this book. The second explains in plain language, the various parts of QoS in packet networks, to provide the reader with a complete view of this complex and dynamic area of communications networking technology. Discussion of the functional requirements of the packet networks to provide QoS is included.

AD HOC NETWORKS: Technologies and Protocols is a concise in-depth treatment of various constituent components of ad hoc network protocols. It reviews issues related to medium access control, scalable routing, group communications, use of directional/smart antennas, network security, and power management among other topics. The authors examine various technologies that may aid ad hoc networking including the presence of an ability to tune transmission power levels or the deployment of sophisticated smart antennae. Contributors to this volume include experts that have been active in ad hoc network research and have published in the premier conferences and journals in this subject area.

AD HOC NETWORKS: Protocols and Technologies will be immensely useful as a reference work to engineers and researchers as well as to advanced level students in the areas of wireless networks, and computer networks.

This is the first book entirely devoted to providing a perspective on the state-of-the-art of cloud computing and energy services and the impact on designing sustainable systems. Cloud computing services provide an efficient approach for connecting infrastructures and can support sustainability in different ways. For example, the design of more efficient cloud services can contribute in reducing energy consumption and environmental impact. The chapters in this book address conceptual principles and illustrate the latest achievements and development updates concerning sustainable cloud and energy services. This book serves as a useful reference for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students and practitioners interested in the design, implementation and deployment of sustainable cloud based energy services. Professionals in the areas of power engineering, computer science, and environmental science and engineering will find value in the multidisciplinary approach to sustainable cloud and energy services presented in this book.

Embedded systems have been almost invisibly pervading our daily lives for several decades. They facilitate smooth operations in avionics, automotive electronics, or telecommunication. New problems arise by the increasing employment, interconnection, and communication of embedded systems in heterogeneous environments: How secure are these embedded systems against attacks or breakdowns? Therefore, how can embedded systems be designed to be more secure? How can embedded systems autonomically react to threats? Facing these questions, Sorin A. Huss is significantly involved in the exploration of design methodologies for secure embedded systems. This Festschrift is dedicated to him and his research on the occasion of his 60th birthday.

This book presents a detailed overview of a rapidly emerging topic in modern communications: cognitive wireless networks. The key aspects of cognitive and cooperative principles in wireless networks are discussed in this book. Furthermore, 'Cognitive Wireless Networks' advocates the concept of breaking up the cellular communication architecture by introducing cooperative strategies among wireless devices. Cognitive wireless networking is the key to success in handling the upcoming dynamic network configurations and exploiting this cross-over to the fullest extent.

An aerial robot is a system capable of sustained flight with no direct human control and able to perform a specific task. A lighter than air robot is an aerial robot that relies on the static lift to balance its own weight. It can also be defined as a lighter than air unmanned aerial vehicle or an unmanned airship with sufficient autonomy. Lighter than air systems are particularly appealing since the energy to keep them airborne is small. They are increasingly considered for various tasks such as monitoring, surveillance, advertising, freight carrier, transportation.

This book familiarizes readers with a hierarchical decoupled planning and control strategy that has been proven efficient through research. It is made up of a hierarchy of modules with well defined functions operating at a variety of rates, linked together from top to bottom. The outer loop, closed periodically, consists of a discrete search that produces a set of waypoints leading to the goal while avoiding obstacles and weighed regions. The second level smoothes this set so that the generated paths are feasible given the vehicle's velocity and accelerations limits. The third level generates flyable, timed trajectories and the last one is the tracking controller that attempts to minimize the error between the robot measured trajectory and the reference trajectory.

This hierarchy is reflected in thestructure and contentof the book. Topics treated are: Modelling, Flight Planning, Trajectory Design and Control. Finally, some actual projects are described in the appendix. This volume will prove useful for researchers and practitioners working in Robotics and Automation, Aerospace Technology, Control and Artificial Intelligence.

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In a knowledge economy urban form and functions are primarily shaped by global market forces rather than urban planning. As the role of knowledge in wealth creation becomes a critical issue in cities, urban administrations and planners need to discover new approaches to harness the considerable opportunities of abstract production for a global order. ""Creative Urban Regions"" explores the utilization of urban technology to support knowledge city initiatives, providing scholars and practitioners with essential fundamental techniques and processes for the successful integration of information technologies and urban production. Converging timely research on a multitude of cutting-edge urban information communication technology issues, this ""Premier Reference Source"" will make a valuable addition to every reference library.

ISGC 2009, The International Symposium on Grid Computing was held at Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan in April 2009 bringing together prestigious scientists and engineers worldwide to exchange ideas, present challenges/solutions and introduce future development in the field of Grid Computing. Managed Grids and Cloud Systems in the Asia-Pacific Research Community presents the latest achievements in grid technology including Cloud Computing. This volume also covers international projects in Grid Operation, Grid Middleware, E-Science applications, technical developments in grid operations and management, Security and Networking, Digital Library and more. The resources used to support these advances, such as volunteer grids, production managed grids, and cloud systems are discussed in detail. This book is designed for a professional audience composed of grid users, developers and researchers working in the grid computing. Advanced-level students focusing on computer science and engineering will find this book valuable as a reference or secondary text book.

This book describes the struggle to introduce a mechanism that enables next-generation information systems to maintain themselves. Our generation observed the birth and growth of information systems, and the Internet in particular. Surprisingly information systems are quite different from conventional (energy, material-intensive) artificial systems, and rather resemble biological systems (information-intensive systems). Many artificial systems are designed based on (Newtonian) physics assuming that every element obeys simple and static rules; however, the experience of the Internet suggests a different way of designing where growth cannot be controlled but self-organized with autonomous and selfish agents. This book suggests using game theory, a mechanism design in particular, for designing next-generation information systems which will be self-organized by collective acts with autonomous components. The challenge of mapping a probability to time appears repeatedly in many forms throughout this book. The book contains interdisciplinary research encompassing game theory, complex systems, reliability theory and particle physics. All devoted to its central theme: what happens if systems self-repair themselves?

This book describes the design and implementation of Cloud Armor, a novel approach for credibility-based trust management and automatic discovery of cloud services in distributed and highly dynamic environments. This book also helps cloud users to understand the difficulties of establishing trust in cloud computing and the best criteria for selecting a service cloud. The techniques have been validated by a prototype system implementation and experimental studies using a collection of real world trust feedbacks on cloud services. The authors present the design and implementation of a novel protocol that preserves the consumers' privacy, an adaptive and robust credibility model, a scalable availability model that relies on a decentralized architecture, and a cloud service crawler engine for automatic cloud services discovery. This book also analyzes results from a performance study on a number of open research issues for trust management in cloud environments including distribution of providers, geographic location and languages. These open research issues illustrate both an overview of the current state of cloud computing and potential future directions for the field. Trust Management in Cloud Services contains both theoretical and applied computing research, making it an ideal reference or secondary text book to both academic and industry professionals interested in cloud services. Advanced-level students in computer science and electrical engineering will also find the content valuable.

This book explores how novel digital services, including e-services, digital platforms and mobile apps, are increasingly being innovated through open processes. It investigates how and why organizations invite external developers to participate in their innovation, often catalyzed by contests and the provision of open data, with the aim of designing digital services that go beyond the capability of the organizations themselves. Taking a contest driven approach to innovation, the book provides an accessible yet comprehensive introduction to the area of open digital innovation. It offers an analysis of key scientific principles underlying open innovation and based on these provides practical tools for improving the digital innovation process. Furthermore, the book introduces instruments for managing innovation contests, in particular for overcoming innovation barriers and for harnessing the power of motivating factors. It serves as a text for graduate and undergraduate courses in digital innovation and entrepreneurship, but is also a valuable resource for managers as well as policy makers in the field of open digital innovation.

This book describes state-of-the-art approaches to Fog Computing, including the background of innovations achieved in recent years. Coverage includes various aspects of fog computing architectures for Internet of Things, driving reasons, variations and case studies. The authors discuss in detail key topics, such as meeting low latency and real-time requirements of applications, interoperability, federation and heterogeneous computing, energy efficiency and mobility, fog and cloud interplay, geo-distribution and location awareness, and case studies in healthcare and smart space applications.

The efficient management of a consistent and integrated database is a central task in modern IT and highly relevant for science and industry. Hardly any critical enterprise solution comes without any functionality for managing data in its different forms. Web-Scale Data Management for the Cloud addresses fundamental challenges posed by the need and desire to provide database functionality in the context of the Database as a Service (DBaaS) paradigm for database outsourcing. This book also discusses the motivation of the new paradigm of cloud computing, and its impact to data outsourcing and service-oriented computing in data-intensive applications. Techniques with respect to the support in the current cloud environments, major challenges, and future trends are covered in the last section of this book. A survey addressing the techniques and special requirements for building database services are provided in this book as well.