The papers in this volume are the refereed technical papers presented at ES 2002, the Twenty-second SGAI International Conference on Knowledge Based Systems and Applied Artificial Intelligence, held in Cambridge in December 2002. The papers in this volume present new and innovative developments in the field, divided into sections on Machine Learning, Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Knowledge Acquisition, Constraint Satisfaction and Scheduling, and Natural Language Processing. This is the nineteenth volume in the Research and Development series. The series is essential reading for those who wish to keep up to date with developments in this important field. The Application Stream papers are published as a companion volume under the title Applications and Innovations in Intelligent Systems X.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Expert Systems, Knowledge-based Systems

Contents: Technical programme chairman's introduction.- Best technical paper.- Session 1a: Machine Learning 1.- Session 1b: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning 1.- Session 2a: Machine Learning 2.- Session 2b: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning 2.-Session 3b: Knowledge representation and Reasoning 3.- Session 4: Constraint satisfaction and Scheduling.- Session 5: Natural Language Processing.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods, TABLEAUX 2003, held in Rome, Italy in September 2003. The 20 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. All current issues surrounding the mechanization of logical reasoning with tableaux and similar methods are addressed in the context of a broad variety of logic calculi.

The papers in this volume are the referred Applications papers presented at ES 2002, the Twenty-second SGES international Conference on Knowledge Based Systems and Applied Artificial Intelligence, to be held in Cambridge during December 2002. The Application stream is the largest annual showcase in Europe of real applications using AI technology. Papers presented in this volume describe the application of AI to address real-world problems, including commerce, manufacturing and defence and every major AI technique; and highlight critical areas of success (and failure) and present the benefits and lessons of value to other developers. This is the tenth volume in the Applications and Innovations in Intelligent Systems series. The series serves as a key reference as to how AI technology has enabled organisations to solve complex problems and gain significant business benefits. The Technical Stream papers are published as a companion volume under the title Research and Development in Intelligent Systems XIX.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Formal Approaches to Agent-Based Systems, FAABS 2002, held in Greenbelt, MD, in October 2002. The 18 revised full papers and 5 poster papers presented together with 9 panel statements and summaries were carefully selected for presentation during two rounds of reviewing and improvement. Among the topics addressed are formal models for agent communication, communication protocols, logic-based agents, statechart frameworks, formal specification of agent interaction, space shuttle applications, automated satellite ground operations, formal verification, agent control, multi-agent coordination, agent languages, mobile agent testing, battlefield agents, XML, autonomous agents, etc.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, EKAW 2002, held in Siguenza, Spain in October 2002. The 20 revised full papers and 14 revised short papers presented together with an invited contribution were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 110 submissions. The papers address all current issues in knowledge processing and key ingredients for building the semantic web, such as ontologies, knowledge modeling and representation, languages and tools, knowledge management, and knowledge acquisition.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Cooperative Information Agents, CIA 2002, held in Madrid, Spain, in September 2002.The revised papers - 15 full and 8 short - presented together with 4 invited contributions, were carefully reviewed and selected from 59 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on information agents for mobile computing environments, interaction and negotiation, information gathering and collaborative filtering, agent-based information and knowledge management, agent communication and cooperation, and information agent mobility.

This book constitutes the refereed preceedings of the 6th European Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, ECCBR 2002, held in Aberdeen, Scotland, UK in September 2002The 31 revised full research papers and 14 revised application papers presented togehter with 2 invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. All current issues in case-based reasoning, ranging from foundational and methodological issues to advanced applications in various fields are addressed.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Automated Deduction, CADE - 18, held in Copenhagen, Denmark, in July 2002.The 27 revised full papers and 10 system descriptions presented together with three invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected from 70 submissions. The book offers topical sections on description logics and the semantic Web, proofcarrying code and compiler verifications, non-classical logics, system descriptions, SAT, model generation, CASC, combination and decision procedures, logical frameworks, model checking, equational reasoning, and proof theory.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 2002, held in Borovets, Bulgaria. in July 2002.The 27 revised full papers presented together with two invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers are organized in topical sections on data and knowledge structures, information retrieval, natural language, ontology and semantics, interfaces and applications, and logical and mathematical foundations.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Knowledge Management, PAKM 2002, held in Vienna, Austria in December 2002. The 54 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 90 submissions. The papers presented are dealing with knowledge management issues in the Internet age from the technological and business points of view as well as from the organizational and cultural viewpoints.

The papers in this volume are the Applications papers presented at ES 2001, the Twenty-first SGES International Conference on Knowledge Based Systems and Applied Artificial Intelligence, held in Cambridge in December 2001.The scope of the Application papers has expanded over recent years to cover not just innovative applications using traditional knowledge based systems, but also to include applications demonstrating the whole range of AI technologies. These papers continue to illustrate the maturity of AI as a commercially viable technology to solve real world problems.This is the eighth volume in the "Applications and Innovations in Intelligent Systems" series. The series serves as a key reference as to how AI technology has enabled organisations to solve complex problems and gain significant business benefits.The Technical Stream papers from ES 2001 are published as a companion volume under the title "Research and Development in Intelligent Systems XVIII".

The recent rise of multimedia technology has turned visual communication into an everyday reality and made it necessary to achieve a better understanding of the role of diagrams and sketches in communication and in creative thought and problem-solving.Diagrammatic Representation and Reasoning is a wide-ranging, multidisciplinary overview of this area, covering relevant research in computer science, artificial intelligence, cognitive science and psychology.Key topics include:- Cognitive aspects of diagrammatic information;- Formal methods for computing with diagrams;- Applications of advanced diagrammatic systems.This book is a state-of-the-art survey that will be a valuable resource for researchers and students in the fields of cognitive science, artificial intelligence, human-computer interaction, and graphics and visualisation.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning with Uncertainty, ECSQARU 2001, held in Toulouse, France in September 2001.
The 68 revised full papers presented together with three invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from over a hundred submissions. The book offers topical sections on decision theory, partially observable Markov decision processes, decision-making, coherent probabilities, Bayesian networks, learning causal networks, graphical representation of uncertainty, imprecise probabilities, belief functions, fuzzy sets and rough sets, possibility theory, merging, belief revision and preferences, inconsistency handling, default logic, logic programming, etc.

Conditionals are omnipresent, in everyday life as well as in scientific environments; they represent generic knowledge acquired inductively or learned from books. They tie a flexible and highly interrelated network of connections along which reasoning is possible and which can be applied to different situations. Therefore, conditionals are important, but also quite problematic objects in knowledge representation.
This book presents a new approach to conditionals which captures their dynamic, non-proportional nature particularly well by considering conditionals as agents shifting possible worlds in order to establish relationships and beliefs. This understanding of conditionals yields a rich theory which makes complex interactions between conditionals transparent and operational. Moreover, it provides a unifying and enhanced framework for knowledge representation, nonmonotonic reasoning, belief revision, and even for knowledge discovery.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, ICCBR 2001, held in Vancouver, BC, Canada, in July/August 2001.The 36 revised full research papers and 14 revised full application papers presented together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 81 submissions. The papers address all current foundational and theoretical aspects of case-based reasoning as well as advanced applications in a variety of fields.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 2001, held in Stanford, CA, USA in July/August 2001.The 26 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the proceedings. The book offers topical sections on language and knowledge structures, logical and mathematical foundations of conceptual structures, conceptual structures for data and knowledge bases, conceptual structures and meta-data, and algorithms and systems.

These are the proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Cooperative Information Agents, held in Modena, Italy, September 6-8, 2001. Information agent technology has become one of the major key technologies for the Internet and the World Wide Web. It mainly emerged as a response to the challenges of cyberspace from both the technological and human user perspective. Development of information agents requires expertise from di?erent research disciplines such as Arti?cial Intelligence (AI), advanced databases and knowledge base systems, distributed information systems, information retrieval, and Human Computer Interaction (HCI). The ?fth international workshop on Cooperative Information Agents (CIA) continued the tradition by capturing the intrinsic interdisciplinary nature of the above research area by calling for contributions from di?erent research communities, and by promoting open and informative discussions on all related topics. In keeping with tradition, the workshop featured a sequence of regular and invited talks of excellence given by leading experts in the ?eld. This year the topics of the talks are mainly on the challenges of information agents in the upcoming age of ubiquitous and pervasive computing. These challenges are in particular due to the necessity of an e?cient utilization, evolution, and trust management of information agents for user-oriented information search, pro- sion, and visualization in networked computing environments with small, mobile, and embedded devices. A di?erent issue concerns the potential of agent-based support of massive distributed data warehousing worldwide.

Multimodal Interfaces represents an emerging interdisciplinary research direction and has become one of the frontiers in Computer Science. Multimodal interfaces aim at efficient, convenient and natural interaction and communication between computers (in their broadest sense) and human users. They will ultimately enable users to interact with computers using their everyday skills. These proceedings include the papers accepted for presentation at the Third International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (ICMI 2000) held in Beijing, China on 1416 O ctober 2000. The papers were selected from 172 contributions submitted worldwide. Each paper was allocated for review to three members of the Program Committee, which consisted of more than 40 leading researchers in the field. Final decisions of 38 oral papers and 48 poster papers were made based on the reviewers' comments and the desire for a balance of topics. The decision to have a single track conference led to a competitive selection process and it is very likely that some good submissions are not included in this volume. The papers collected here cover a wide range of topics such as affective and perceptual computing, interfaces for wearable and mobile computing, gestures and sign languages, face and facial expression analysis, multilingual interfaces, virtual and augmented reality, speech and handwriting, multimodal integration and application systems. They represent some of the latest progress in multimodal interfaces research.

This textbook provides a compact but comprehensive treatment that provides analytical and design steps to recurrent neural networks from scratch. It provides a treatment of the general recurrent neural networks with principled methods for training that render the (generalized) backpropagation through time (BPTT). This author focuses on the basics and nuances of recurrent neural networks, providing technical and principled treatment of the subject, with a view toward using coding and deep learning computational frameworks, e.g., Python and Tensorflow-Keras. Recurrent neural networks are treated holistically from simple to gated architectures, adopting the technical machinery of adaptive non-convex optimization with dynamic constraints to leverage its systematic power in organizing the learning and training processes. This permits the flow of concepts and techniques that provide grounded support for design and training choices. The author's approach enables strategic co-training of output layers, using supervised learning, and hidden layers, using unsupervised learning, to generate more efficient internal representations and accuracy performance. As a result, readers will be enabled to create designs tailoring proficient procedures for recurrent neural networks in their targeted applications.

These arethe proceedingsof the Fourth InternationalWorkshopon Cooperative Information Agents, held in Boston Massachusetts, USA, July 7-9, 2000. Cooperative information agent research and development focused originally onaccessingmultiple, heterogeneous, anddistributedinformationsources. Ga- ingaccesstothesesystems, throughInternetsearchengines, applicationprogram interfaces, wrappers, and web-based screens has been an important focus of - operative intelligent agents. Research has also focused on the integration of this information into a coherent model that combined data and knowledge from the multiple sources. Finally, this information is disseminated to a wide audience, giving rise to issues such as data quality, information pedigree, source reliability, information security, personal privacy, and information value. Research in - operative information agents has expanded to include agent negotiation, agent communities, agent mobility, as well as agent collaboration for information d- covery in constrained environments. TheinterdisciplinaryCIAworkshopseriesencompassesa widevarietyoft- ics dealing with cooperative information agents. All workshop proceedings have been published by Springer as Lecture Notes in Arti?cial Intelligence, Volumes 1202 (1997), 1435 (1998), and 1652 (1999), respectively. This year, the theme of the CIA workshop was The Future of Information Agents in Cyberspace, a very ?tting topic as the use of agents for information gathering, negotiation, correlation, fusion, and dissemination becomes ever more prevalent. We noted a marked trend in CIA 2000 towards addressing issues related to communities of agents that: (1) negotiate for information resources, (2) build robust ontologies to enhance search capabilities, (3) communicate for planning and problem so- ing, (4) learn and evolve based on their experiences, and (5) assume increasing degrees of autonomy in the control of complex systems."

This volume contains the refereed technical papers presented at ES99, the Nineteenth SGES International Conference on Knowledge-Based Systems and Applied Artificial Intelligence, held in Cambridge in December 1999. The papers in this volume present new and innovative developments in the field, divided into sections on knowledge engineering, knowledge discovery, case-based reasoning, learning and knowledge representation and refinement. This is the sixteenth volume in the Research and Development series. The series is essential reading for those who wish to keep up to date with developments in this important field. The Application Stream papers are published as a companion volume under the title Applications and Innovations in Intelligent Systems VII.

If you are sitting in a basement room without a view - not to mention the bars in front of the windows - and writing a book, then you better have good company. I had the best company you could imagine. Waltraud Hiltl, Katja Markert, Martin Romacker, Klemens Schnattinger, Andreas Klee and I shared very little o?ce space, but plenty of chocolate, co?ee, champagne, and enthusiasm for our research. North German coolness and creativity sprang mostly from my colleagues in the second ?oor. I learned a lot from and laughed a lot with Nobi Br]oker, Susanne (Sue) Schacht, Manfred Klenner, Peter Neuhaus, Stefan Schulz, and Michael Strube. I thank my friend and partner Angela R]osch for motivational and te- nical support and for living together with someone who cares about strange things, works too much and does not improve in any way over the years. Special thanks go to my family who sometimes wondered what was going on when I started talking enthusiastically about "semantics," but they never let wane their encouragement for me. Kornel Marco provided great service by implementing parts of the system presented in this book. Joe Bush helped me polish up the text with his capabilities as an American native speaker. Remaining errors are entirely my fault and due to my lack of diligence. This book would not have seen the light of day without the dissertation grant through the Graduiertenkolleg "Menschliche & Maschinelle Intelligenz" funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)."

Computer-based diagnostic systems are among the most successful applications of knowledge-based systems (KBS) technology. Chris Price shows the best way to build effective diagnostic systems for different types of diagnostic problems by: - giving examples of different solutions to the problem of building effective diagnostic systems - helping you to decide on an appropriate strategy for building a diagnostic system to aid troubleshooting of that diagnostic problem - showing how to use diagnostic fault trees as a common representation for discussing different ways of approaching diagnosis. Computer-Based Diagnostic Systems is written in such a way as to make the material easy to understand even when you do not have easy access to the commercial tools.

Seit 1995 fuhrt das Standardwerk umfassend in die Konzepte der internationalen Norm fur Programmiersysteme von speicherprogrammierbaren Steuerungen ein. Den Autoren gelingt es, schwierige Inhalte anhand zahlreicher Beispiele, Abbildungen und Tabellen leicht verstandlich darzustellen. Sie klaren zudem Hintergrunde sowie Zusammenhange zu angrenzenden Fachgebieten auf. Die 4. Auflage wurde an den neuesten Stand der Normung angepasst. Geeignet ist das Lehr- und Nachschlagewerk fur Berufseinsteiger und -umsteiger ebenso wie fur Schuler und Studenten."

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Cooperative Information Systems, CIA'99, held in Uppsala, Sweden in July/August 1999.
The 16 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 46 submissions. Also included are ten invited contributions by leading experts. The volume is divided in sections on information discovery and management on the Internet; information agents on the Internet-prototypes systems and applications; communication and collaboration, mobile information agents; rational information agents for electronic business; service mediation and negotiation; and adaptive personal assistance.