The development of database technology has currently reached the stage of deductive database systems which use Horn clauses for defining relations. An important characteristic of these systems is the clear separation of logic and control. However, the programmer cannot affect the control part of a deductive database system. To eliminate this deficiency, this monograph presents a so-called expert deductive database system that allows explicit control of the deduction process. The system consists of an object-level describing the logical aspects of a problem and of a meta-level that contains application-specific control information affecting the object-level deduction process. For example, object-level rules can be disregarded, and some tuples deduced at the object-level can be preferred to others. Besides the architecture of this system, the book also identifies some important possibilities of deduction control which are explained by characteristic examples.

Software design patterns are known to play a vital role in enhancing the quality of software systems while reducing development time and cost. However, the use of these design patterns has also been known to introduce problems that can significantly reduce the stability, robustness, and reusability of software. This book introduces a new process for creating software design patterns that leads to highly stable, reusable, and cost-effective software. The basis of this new process is a topology of software patterns called knowledge maps. This book provides readers with a detailed view of the art and practice of creating meaningful knowledge maps. It demonstrates how to classify software patterns within knowledge maps according to their application rationale and nature. It provides readers with a clear methodology in the form of step-by-step guidelines, heuristics, and quality factors that simplify the process of creating knowledge maps. This book is designed to allow readers to master the basics of knowledge maps from their theoretical aspects to practical application. It begins with an overview of knowledge map concepts and moves on to knowledge map goals, capabilities, stable design patterns, development scenarios, and case studies. Each chapter of the book concludes with an open research issue, review questions, exercises, and a series of projects.

Welcome Sun users. This guide will be your key to understanding your Sun workstation. Within these pages you will find out how to use all of the basic functions and capabilities in a minimal amount of time. From SunView to Security, from Backups to Permissions, you will find out what you need quickly. This book is not intended to replace the current Sun docu mentation. It is a fast learning tool for you to become a functional Sun user quickly. Each chapter will cover the basic information needed to allow you to use that area efficiently. The chapters on UNIX file systems and permissions are for beginners' reference and will aid in learning the file system. All examples will refer to the machine name 1 tahoe. This is done to make the references to a system prompt consistent and avoid confusion. You should use this book in conjunction with the Sun manual pages included with your system. When referencing system com mands or functions, the manual pages will give you the additional capabilities which will prove invaluable in the future. I hope you enjoy this book and your new Sun workstation."

With the SPARC (Scalable Processor ARChitecture) architecture and system software as the underlying foundation, Sun Microsys terns is delivering a new model of computing-easy workgroup computing-to enhance the way people work, automating processes across groups, departments, and teams locally and globally. Sun and a large and growing number of companies in the computer industry have embarked on a new approach to meet the needs of computer users and system developers in the 1990s. Originated by Sun, the approach targets users who need a range of compatible computer systems with a variety of application soft ware and want the option to buy those systems from a choice of vendors. The approach also meets the needs of system developers to be part of a broad, growing market of compatible systems and software-developers who need to design products quickly and cost-effecti vel y. The SPARe approach ensures that computer systems can be easy to use for all classes of users and members of the workgroup, end users, system administrators, and software developers. For the end user, the SPARC technologies facilitate system set-up and the daily use of various applications. For the system administrator supporting the computer installation, setting up and monitoring the network are easier. For the software developer, there are ad vanced development tools and support. Furthermore, the features of the SPARC hardware and software technologies ensure that SPARC systems and applications play an important role in the years to come."

Although no-one is, probably, too enthused about the idea, it is a fact that the development of most empirical sciences to a great extent depends on the development of data analysis methods and techniques, which, due to the necessity of application of computers for that purpose, actually means that it practically depends on the advancement and orientation of computer statistics. Every other year the International Association for Statistical Computing sponsors the organizition of meetings of individual s professiona77y involved in computational statistics. Since these meetings attract professionals from allover the world, they are a good sample for the estimation of trends in this area which some believe is a statistics proper while others claim it is computer science. It seems, though, that an increasing number of colleagues treat it as an independent scientific or at least technical discipline. This volume contains six invited papers, 41 contributed papers and, finally, two papers which are, formally, software descriptions, but it was agreed by the Program Committee that they should be included in a separate section entitled "Notes about new developments in statistical software," due to their special significance for current trends in computational statistics.

Use and development of database and expert systems can be found in all fields of computer science. The aim of this book is to present a large spectrum of already implemented or just being developed database and expert systems. Contributions cover new requirements, concepts for implementations (e.g. languages, models, storage structures), management of meta data, system architectures, and experiences gained by using traditional databases in as many areas of applications as possibble (at least in the fields listed). The aim of the book is to inspire a fruitful dialogue between developement in practice, users of database and expert systems, and scientists working in the field.

This book springs from a conference held in Stockholm in May June 1988 on Culture, Language and Artificial Intelligence. It assembled more than 300 researchers and practitioners in the fields of technology, philosophy, history of ideas, literature, lin guistics, social science, etc. It was an initiative from the Swedish Center for Working Life, based on the project AI-Based Systems and the Future of Language, Knowledge and Responsibility in Professions within the COST 13 programme of the European Commission. Participants in the conference, or in some cases researchers related to its aims, were chosen to contribute to this book. It was preceded by Knowledge, Skill and Artificial Intelligence (ed. B. G6ranzon and 1. Josefson, Springer-Verlag, London, 1988) and will be followed by Dialogue and Technology (ed. M. Florin and B. Goranzon, Springer-Verlag, London, 1990). The contributors' thinking in this field varies greatly; so do their styles of writing. For example: contributors have varied in their choice of 'he' or 'he/she' for the third person. No distinction is intended but chapters have been left with the original usage to avoid extensive changes. Similarly, individual contributor's preferences as to notes or references lists have been followed. We want to thank our researcher Satinder P. Gill for excellent work with summaries and indexes, and Sandi Irvine of Springer Verlag for eminent editorial work."

In this book the consequent use of probability theory is proposed for handling uncertainty in expert systems. It is shown that methods violating this suggestion may have dangerous consequences (e.g., the Dempster-Shafer rule and the method used in MYCIN). The necessity of some requirements for a correct combining of uncertain information in expert systems is demonstrated and suitable rules are provided. The possibility is taken into account that interval estimates are given instead of exact information about probabilities. For combining information containing interval estimates rules are provided which are useful in many cases.

Dieser Informatik-Fachbericht ist der Tagungsband der 6. ITG/GI-Fachtagung "Kommunikation in verteilten Systemen," Stuttgart, 22.-24.2.1989, in einer in zweijahrigem Turnus stattfindenden Tagungsreihe. Er enthalt 60 originare Beitrage aus den Gebieten Kommunikationsdienste und -protokolle, Standardisierung, Kommunikations- und Transaktionsmechanismen in verteilten Systemen, Last- und Funktionsverbund in heterogenen Rechnernetzen, Beschreibungs-, Entwicklungsmethoden und -werkzeuge, Technik lokaler Hochgeschwindigkeitsnetze, Mobilfunknetze, Breitband-Vermittlungstechnik auf ATM-Basis, Kopplung heterogener Netze, Netzdiagnose, Verkehrsmessungen, Netzverwaltung (Netzmanagement), Modellierung und Leistungsbewertung, Netzplanung, verteilte Datenbanken, Buroautomatisierung, Fertigungsautomatisierung, Individual-Strassenverkehr. Das Buch vermittelt einen Uberblick uber den Stand der Technik und Wissenschaft auf dem Gebiet der Kommunikation in verteilten Systemen. Es ist der sechste Band in einer in zweijahrigem Turnus stattfindenden Tagungsreihe."

This is a collection of papers from the Symposium on Formal Techniques in Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems held at the University of Warwick on 22-23 September 1988. The papers cover a variety of subjects in these areas and illustrate different approaches to modeling safety critical systems. Important notions of time, synchrony, redundancy and replication are examined using assertional reasoning, temporal logic and the logics of knowledge. The volume will be invaluable to researchers in formal modeling of concurrency, real-time and fault-tolerance, and to software engineers in safety-critical applications.

This book contains the papers presented at the 2nd IPMU Conference, held in Urbino (Italy), on July 4-7, 1988. The theme of the conference, Management of Uncertainty and Approximate Reasoning, is at the heart of many knowledge-based systems and a number of approaches have been developed for representing these types of information. The proceedings of the conference provide, on one hand, the opportunity for researchers to have a comprehensive view of recent results and, on the other, bring to the attention of a broader community the potential impact of developments in this area for future generation knowledge-based systems. The main topics are the following: frameworks for knowledge-based systems: representation scheme, neural networks, parallel reasoning schemes; reasoning techniques under uncertainty: non-monotonic and default reasoning, evidence theory, fuzzy sets, possibility theory, Bayesian inference, approximate reasoning; information theoretical approaches; knowledge acquisition and automated learning.

Der vorliegende Band enthalt die Beitrage zur Fachtagung "Informationsbedarfsermittlung und -analyse fur den Entwurf " "von Informationssystemen," die von der Fachgruppe EMISA der Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI) an der Universitat Linz im Juli 1987 durchgefuhrt wurde. Die Fachgruppe EMISA beschaftigt sich mit Methoden und Werkzeugen fur den Entwurf von Informationssystemen. Dabei haben verschiedene Tagungen der Fachgruppe spezielle Phasen oder Probleme des Entwurfsvorganges detailliert untersucht. Die Linzer Fachtagung ist vor allem denjenigen Fragen gewidmet, die am Beginn des Entwurfs von Informationssystemen stehen. Obwohl der Phase der Informationsbedarfsermittlung und -analyse im Lebenszyklus eines Informationssystems zentrale Bedeutung zukommt, wird sie bislang noch immer wesentlich weniger beherrscht als die nachfolgenden Entwicklungsschritte. Die Fachtagung sollte daher Praktikern und Wissenschaftlern Gelegenheit geben, die zur Losung anstehenden Probleme zu identifizieren und existierende Ansatze zu diskutieren. Das Tagungsprogramm uberdeckt die gesamte Bandbreite von Erfahrungen mit bereits in der Praxis eingesetzten Verfahren bis zur Prasentation des aktuellen Standes der Entwicklung neuer Methoden."

The present volume contains edited versions of the communications presented at an International Workshop on "Expert Systems in Production Engineering," held in Spa, Belgium, in 1986. Introductory papers on Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems are complemented by case studies of Expert Systems in practice, primarily, in the area of Mechanical Engineering and discussions of the possibilities and the limitations of Expert Systems.

The Seventh International Conference on Automated Deduction was held May 14-16, 19S4, in Napa, California. The conference is the primary forum for reporting research in all aspects of automated deduction, including the design, implementation, and applications of theorem-proving systems, knowledge representation and retrieval, program verification, logic programming, formal specification, program synthesis, and related areas. The presented papers include 27 selected by the program committee, an invited keynote address by Jorg Siekmann, and an invited banquet address by Patrick Suppes. Contributions were presented by authors from Canada, France, Spain, the United Kingdom , the United States, and West Germany. The first conference in this series was held a decade earlier in Argonne, Illinois. Following the Argonne conference were meetings in Oberwolfach, West Germany (1976), Cambridge, Massachusetts (1977), Austin, Texas (1979), Les Arcs, France (19S0), and New York, New York (19S2). Program Committee P. Andrews (CMU) W.W. Bledsoe (U. Texas) past chairman L. Henschen (Northwestern) G. Huet (INRIA) D. Loveland (Duke) past chairman R. Milner (Edinburgh) R. Overbeek (Argonne) T. Pietrzykowski (Acadia) D. Plaisted (U. Illinois) V. Pratt (Stanford) R. Shostak (SRI) chairman J. Siekmann (U. Kaiserslautern) R. Waldinger (SRI) Local Arrangements R. Schwartz (SRI) iv CONTENTS Monday Morning Universal Unification (Keynote Address) Jorg H. Siekmann (FRG) .

The Illiac IV was the first large scale array computer. As the fore runner of today's advanced computers, it brought whole classes of scientific computations into the realm of practicality. Conceived initially as a grand experiment in computer science, the revolutionary architecture incorporated both a high level of parallelism and pipe lining. After a difficult gestation, the Illiac IV became operational in November 1975. It has for a decade been a substantial driving force behind the develooment of computer technology. Today the Illiac IV continues to service large-scale scientific aoolication areas includ ing computational fluid dynamics, seismic stress wave propagation model ing, climate simulation, digital image processing, astrophysics, numerical analysis, spectroscopy and other diverse areas. This volume brings together previously published material, adapted in an effort to provide the reader with a perspective on the strengths and weaknesses of the Illiac IV and the impact this unique computa tional resource has had on the development of technology. The history and current status of the Illiac system, the design and architecture of the hardware, the programming languages, and a considerable sampling of applications are all covered at some length. A final section is devoted to commentary."

With the proliferation of GPS devices in daily life, trajectory data that records where and when people move is now readily available on a large scale. As one of the most typical representatives, it has now become widely recognized that taxi trajectory data provides rich opportunities to enable promising smart urban services. Yet, a considerable gap still exists between the raw data available, and the extraction of actionable intelligence. This gap poses fundamental challenges on how we can achieve such intelligence. These challenges include inaccuracy issues, large data volumes to process, and sparse GPS data, to name but a few. Moreover, the movements of taxis and the leaving trajectory data are the result of a complex interplay between several parties, including drivers, passengers, travellers, urban planners, etc. In this book, we present our latest findings on mining taxi GPS trajectory data to enable a number of smart urban services, and to bring us one step closer to the vision of smart mobility. Firstly, we focus on some fundamental issues in trajectory data mining and analytics, including data map-matching, data compression, and data protection. Secondly, driven by the real needs and the most common concerns of each party involved, we formulate each problem mathematically and propose novel data mining or machine learning methods to solve it. Extensive evaluations with real-world datasets are also provided, to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of using trajectory data. Unlike other books, which deal with people and goods transportation separately, this book also extends smart urban services to goods transportation by introducing the idea of crowdshipping, i.e., recruiting taxis to make package deliveries on the basis of real-time information. Since people and goods are two essential components of smart cities, we feel this extension is bot logical and essential. Lastly, we discuss the most important scientific problems and open issues in mining GPS trajectory data.

This book introduces the Internet access for vehicles as well as novel communication and computing paradigms based on the Internet of vehicles. To enable efficient and reliable Internet connection for mobile vehicle users, this book first introduces analytical modelling methods for the practical vehicle-to-roadside (V2R) Internet access procedure, and employ the interworking of V2R and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) to improve the network performance for a variety of automotive applications. In addition, the wireless link performance between a vehicle and an Internet access station is investigated, and a machine learning based algorithm is proposed to improve the link throughout by selecting an efficient modulation and coding scheme. This book also investigates the distributed machine learning algorithms over the Internet access of vehicles. A novel broadcasting scheme is designed to intelligently adjust the training users that are involved in the iteration rounds for an asynchronous federated learning scheme, which is shown to greatly improve the training efficiency. This book conducts the fully asynchronous machine learning evaluations among vehicle users that can utilize the opportunistic V2R communication to train machine learning models. Researchers and advanced-level students who focus on vehicular networks, industrial entities for internet of vehicles providers, government agencies target on transportation system and road management will find this book useful as reference. Network device manufacturers and network operators will also want to purchase this book.

Dokumentenmanagementprojekte sind ganzheitliche Projekte. Organisatorische, technische und menschliche Faktoren entscheiden uber Erfolg oder Mierfolg. Das DMS-Handbuch hilft fruhzeitig Fehler zu erkennen und zu vermeiden. Es ist eine Pflichtlekture fur jeden, der sich mit dem Gedanken tragt, ein Dokumentenmanagementsystem einzufuhren. Schritt fur Schritt wird der Leser durch die einzelnen Projektstufen gefuhrt. Mit Hilfe von Tabellen, Charts und Diagrammen wird eine komplexe Materie ubersichtlich dargestellt. Ein ausfuhrliches Glossar mit Begriffserklarungen der Fachtermini und eine Fulle von Checklisten machen das Buch zum unentbehrlichen Begleiter.

Embedded systems take over complex control and data processing tasks in diverse application ?elds such as automotive, avionics, consumer products, and telec- munications. They are the primary driver for improving overall system safety, ef?ciency, and comfort. The demand for further improvement in these aspects can only be satis?ed by designing embedded systems of increasing complexity, which in turn necessitates the development of new system design methodologies based on speci?cation, design, and veri?cation languages. The objective of the book at hand is to provide researchers and designers with an overview of current research trends, results, and application experiences in c- puter languages for embedded systems. The book builds upon the most relevant contributions to the 2008 conference Forum on Design Languages (FDL), the p- mier international conference specializing in this ?eld. These contributions have been selected based on the results of reviews provided by leading experts from - search and industry. In many cases, the authors have improved their original work by adding breadth, depth, or explanation.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Foundations of Information and Knowledge Systems, FoIKS 2022, held in Helsinki, Finland, in June 2022. The 13 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions. The papers address various topics such as information and knowledge systems, including submissions that apply ideas, theories or methods from specific disciplines to information and knowledge systems. Examples of such disciplines are discrete mathematics, logic and algebra, model theory, databases, information theory, complexity theory, algorithmics and computation, statistics and optimization.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Innovations for Community Services, I4CS 2022, held in Delft, The Netherlands, in June 2022. The 15 full papers and 5 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 43 submissions. Three invited papers were also included in the volume. The papers focus on topics such as services for critical infrastructure; network architecture for communities; applications and services supporting work and life; community data and visualization; technology empowers industry processes; and future community support.