Economics for Business and Managementoffers an exciting introduction to the principles and applications of microeconomics and macroeconomics to the global business problems faced by today's decision makers: * What are the characteristics for successful entry into new international markets? * How can 'sustainability' affect decision making within businesses? * Why are today's global investors so concerned about national debt issues? * In what ways does an awareness of cultural differences improve decision making by international marketing and human resource strategists? * What strategies can companies such as BP use to repair damaged global reputations? It is an ideal text for introductory courses in economics with a business and management focus and more general business environment courses with an economic underpinning. Visit the fantastic website at www.pearsoned.co.uk/griffithswall to find extra practice questions, interactive activities, quizzes and exam style practice questions with instant feedback, as well as podcasts, news articles, animated professional power points slides and a testbank of questions.

The world is a veritable stage for superpowers. Major historical events are best viewed as the outcomes of games played by superpowers for their own economic interests. The objective of this book is to explore the primary cause of global historical events. A global economic disparity (GED) motivates superpowers to pursue their interests and results in the corresponding global historical event (GHE). This book explores the causal relationships between GEDs and GHEs that stand out in recent global history since the first Industrial Revolution, taking a geoeconomic approach which encompasses economics, international political affairs, history, and geography. The book confirms the causalities between GEDs and GHEs. It is a pioneering work that provides a unique but powerful policy implication: in order to alleviate international conflicts and tensions between superpowers, it is necessary to reduce GEDs. And since it is virtually impossible for a few superpowers to reduce the GEDs, the world economy needs a multipolar economic system for global stability through competition. The book was written shortly after the world economy was trapped within downward spirals caused by the US financial crisis and its contagion. As a collective representation of GEDs in various areas, the financial disparity is a central part of GEDs. The book rigorously examines the financial crisis (2008-2014) in the United States and the Fed's response, a program of quantitative easing (QE) implemented in three phases, while bearing in mind that the origin of the current crisis is not solely the financial sector or stock markets, but worldwide economic disequilibrium. This book also focuses on the details for the causal relationships prevailing in several major areas: human resources, raw materials, energy, environment, and poverty.

This report is a partial result of the China's Quarterly Macroeconometric Model (CQMM), a project developed and maintained by the Center for Macroeconomic Research (CMR) at Xiamen University. The CMR is one of the Key Research Institutes of Humanities and Social Sciences sponsored by the Ministry of Education of China, focusing on China's economic forecast and macroeconomic policy analysis. The CMR started to develop the CQMM for purpose of short-term forecasting, policy analysis, and simulation in 2005. Based on the CQMM, the CMR and its partners hold press conferences to release forecasts for China' major macroeconomic variables. Since July, 2006, twenty-two quarterly reports on China's macroeconomic outlook have been presented and eleventh annual reports have been published. This 23rd quarterly report is to be presented at the Forum on China's Macroeconomic Outlook and Press Conference of CQMM on October 27, 2017. This conference is jointly held at Oxford University by Oxford Prospects and Global Development Centre, University of Oxford, Center for Macroeconomic Research at Xiamen University, and Economic Information Daily at Xinhua News Agency.

Although economic theory has increased our understanding of some economic problems, it has rendered others, including the problem of capital accumulation, growth, and development, more difficult to understand. Focusing on capitalist economic systems, this book develops a theoretical approach to the study of aggregate capital dynamics. The theory is developed within the Keynesian framework of aggregate thinking and builds on the work of such Cambridge economists as Robinson, Kaldor, and Pasinetti. The approach helps to resolve some theoretical difficulties within the Keynesian framework for studying aggregate investment behavior. Dompere also provides a criticism of the neoclassical investment theory and the general neoclassical theoretical framework for studying aggregate capital accumulation, investment, and growth. Reexamining some questions on investment that earlier theorists have tried to answer, this study develops some of the basic ideas of Keynes, Robinson, Kaldor, and Pasinetti into a general theoretical system that allows an optimal aggregate capital and investment to be determined for a given information set.

The sustainability of public pension systems has become an important aspect for governments and institutions worldwide. This book addresses the multiple elements that influence the sustainability of pension systems with a special focus on central and eastern European countries. Supported by the results of econometric empirical studies, the authors discuss and analyse areas like social economy versus capitalist economy, globalization versus glocalization, population aging versus birth and fertility, emigration versus immigration, early retirement versus prolongation versus professional activity, the sustainability of public pension systems versus the adequacy of benefits provided, public pension systems compared to private pension funds and taxation of salary incomes versus subsidization of state social insurance.

Relying on new statistical and archival material, this book tells the story of the operation of the international monetary system of the mid-nineteenth century. It seeks to explain how this system was able to weather the impact of the California and Australia gold discoveries. It shows how France contributed to global financial stability by standing ready to exchange silver from gold at a fixed rate - a consequence of its bimetallic system. This book also shows how France's decision to change its domestic monetary rules caused the emergence of the gold standard in 1873, and thus offers a new interpretation of the global monetary history of the nineteenth century.

This book discusses risk management, product pricing, capital management and Return on Equity comprehensively and seamlessly. Strategic planning, including the required quantitative methods, is an essential part of bank management and control. A thorough introduction to the advanced methods of risk management for Credit Risk, Counterparty Credit Risk, Market Risk, Operational Risk and Risk Aggregation is provided. In addition, directly applicable concepts and data such as macroeconomic scenarios for strategic planning and stress testing as well as detailed scenarios for Operational Risk and advanced concepts for Credit Risk are presented in straightforward language. The book highlights the implications and chances of the Basel III and Basel IV implementations (2022 onwards), especially in terms of capital management and Return on Equity. A wealth of essential background information from practice, international observations and comparisons, along with numerous illustrative examples, make this book a useful resource for established and future professionals in bank management, risk management, capital management, controlling and accounting.

This book offers an assessment of theories of distribution and growth after Keynes. It presents an overview of the main contributions with a particular focus on the development of post-Keynesian/Kaleckian models.In the first part of the book, Eckhard Hein presents a comprehensive overview of the main approaches towards distribution and growth including the contributions of Harrod and Domar, old and new neoclassical theories including the fundamental capital controversy critique, the post-Keynesian contributions of Kaldor, Pasinetti, Thirlwall and Robinson, and finally the approaches by Kalecki and Steindl. In the second part of the book neo- and post-Kaleckian models are gradually developed, introducing saving from wages, international trade, technological progress, interest and credit. Issues of ?financialisation? are also explored and empirical results related to the different models are presented. This unique book is designed for courses in distribution and growth in graduate programmes or at the advanced undergraduate level. It can also be used as supplementary reading for classes in macroeconomics. The book should also be of value for researchers interested in issues of distribution and growth.

This book has studied the principle, essence and development law of sharing economics. First of all, it analyzes the inevitability of sharing economics as the mainstream and determines that its research object is the social resources of the production, gathering, exchange, use, distribution and value creation disciplines. Secondly, it defines and analyzes the connotation, scope, concept, characteristics, research hypothesis, property right attribute, constituent elements and income distribution of the sharing economics which aims to improve the efficiency of resource allocation and reduce the market transaction cost. This book is characterized by the construction of a theoretical system composed of contingency, cooperative consumption, cognitive surplus and impersonal transaction. This book provides readers with a theoretical theory of sharing economics and an important theoretical reference for innovative entrepreneurship.

This text aims to provide a survey of the state of knowledge in the broad area that includes the theories and facts of economic growth and economic fluctuations, as well as the consquences of monetary and fiscal policies for general economic conditions.

This book explores the origins of Arthur Laffer's economic theories and how they became a part of mainstream economic policy. Utilizing interviews and archival material, Laffer's life is traced from his early education through to his time working for the Nixon and Reagan administrations. Laffer's influence on Reaganomics is discussed alongside the development of supply-side economics, the shift towards neoliberal policies, and the Laffer curve. This book aims to contextualise the work of Laffer within archival research and wider economic trends. It will be relevant researchers and policy makers interested in the history of economic thought and the political economy.

For courses in Intermediate Macroeconomics. Macroeconomics traces the history, evolution, and challenges of Keynesian economics, presenting a comprehensive, detailed, and unbiased view of modern macroeconomic theory. This book narrates the evolution of economic theory, presenting the most recent and modern developments, without glossing over the fundamental disagreements among macroeconomists on both theory and policy. Major theories are presented and compared. Important agreements and differences are discussed. Demonstrations of the controversies are presented, which centre on well-defined theoretical differences. Many of the post-1970 developments in macroeconomics have been the result of dissatisfaction with the Keynesian theory and the policy prescriptions that follow from it. In order for students to understand the evolution of macroeconomics, the author presents the history of Keynesian thought by: Providing an up-to-date summary of the Keynesian position, including research that has come to be called the new Keynesian economics. Offering a detailed analysis of challenges to the Keynesian position.

This book provides an up-to-date overview of the development of the German financial system, with a particular focus on financialization and the financial crisis, topics that have increasingly gained attention since the crisis and the discussion on the secular stagnation started. The authors of the book-economists who have conducted extensive research in this area-offer a perspective on the financial system in the context of its importance for the overall economic system. The book not only provides detailed insights into Germany's financial system; it also takes a broader perspective on finance and connects it with current macroeconomic developments in Germany.

Macroeconomics of Climate Change in a Dualistic Economy: A Regional General Equilibrium Analysis generates significant, genuinely novel insights about dual economies and sustainable economic growth. These insights are generalize-able and applicable worldwide. The authors overcome existing limitations in general equilibrium modeling. By concentrating on tensions between green growth and dualism, they consider the global efforts against climate change and opposition by specific countries based on economic development needs. Using Turkey as their primary example, they address these two most discussed and difficult issues related to policy setting, blazing a path for those seeking an applied economic research framework to study such economic considerations.

First published in 1973, this book presents a systematic treatment of the conceptual framework as well as the practical problems of measurement of inequality. Alternative approaches are evaluated in terms of their philosophical assumptions, economic content, and statistical requirements. In a new introduction, Amartya Sen, jointly with James Foster, critically surveys the literature that followed the publication of this book, and also evaluates the main analytical issues in the appraisal of economic inequality and poverty.

This book employs a qualitative analysis of China's publicly financed construction sector, taking the system design as its point of departure and applying comprehensive evaluation techniques to create an index system for this type of construction - which in turn serves as a basis for quantitatively evaluating China's publicly financed construction sector. Given the fact that China's publicly financed construction sector is a very complex field of systems engineering involving multiple subsystems, as an important indicator of China's fiscal innovations since its reform and opening, publicly financed construction is now shifting from theory to practice, demonstrating that China has entered an era of fully publicly financed construction.

This proceedings volume presents current research and innovative solutions into capital markets, particularly in Poland. Featuring contributions presented at the 10th Capital Market Effective Investments (CMEI 2018) conference held in Miedzyzdroje, Poland, this book explores the future of capital markets in Poland as well as comparing it with the capital markets of other developed regions around the world. Divided into four parts, the enclosed papers provide a background into the theoretical foundations of capital market investments, explores different approaches-both classical and contemporary-to investment decision making, analyzes the behaviors of investors using experimental economics and behavioral finance, and explores practical issues related to financial market investments, including real case studies. In addition, each part of the book begins with an introductory chapter written by thematic editors that provides an outline of the subject area and a summary of the papers presented.

Providing an insider's examination of China's economic reform and its political implications, this text uses wide ranging primary materials, including interviews, surveys and author's own recollections of Deng Xiaoping and Zhao Ziyang. It aims to shed new light on the Chinese approach to reform, including its dual goal, dynamic gradualism and reform leadership. It assesses the vast social and political changes set forth by the reform, especially multiplying socio political problems, and the international ramifications of China's rise.

This volume presents selected articles from the 21st Eurasia Business and Economics Society (EBES) Conference, which was held in Budapest (Hungary) in 2017. The theoretical and empirical papers in this volume cover various areas of business, economics, and finance from a diverse range of regions. In particular, this volume focuses on the latest trends in consumer behavior, new questions in the development of organizational strategy, and the interaction of financial economics with industrial economics and policy.

This book investigates the existing and possible links between the concept of a Carbon Club and the Paris Agreement. In doing so the book defines those criteria that may lead to an effective establishment of a Carbon Club acting within the mandate of the Paris Agreement and identifies the key questions that such an option may help to tackle: Which low-carbon pathways are compatible with the new temperature targets set by the Paris Agreement? Can new entities like the Carbon Club have a decisive role in guaranteeing the alignment of the aggregate mitigating actions with the global objectives identified within the Paris Agreement? What role will be played by market and non-market approaches within the proposed framework? How can economic, social, and environmental sustainability be ensured during the implementation of the Agreement? How can justice and equity be encouraged between the Parties and all the involved actors as required by the Agreement? Which instruments can be designed and adopted to provide the expected degree of transparency for the new system? To respond to these questions the book adopts a holistic approach, able to emphasize the strong interrelations. The book discusses the opportunity to develop a Carbon Club within the Article 6 framework, and provides a feasible roadmap for its means of implementation, rules and governance structure. The final result is a feasible policy proposal that takes into account all the key issues introduced by the questions, and draws a roadmap towards a 'low-carbon Bretton Woods'.

Since the financial crisis of 2008/09, the world's major central banks have been struggling to return their economies to higher growth and to reach their inflation targets. This concise book analyzes the importance of central bank policies for the economy, and specifically investigates the reasons why they have failed to steer inflation as desired. The author, the Chief Economist at Allianz SE, argues that, in an environment of great uncertainty concerning the pass-through of monetary stimulus to the economy, central banks should not focus too narrowly on inflation targets, but should increasingly take the side effects of their actions into account. In particular, he contends that they must seek to minimize the risk of financial booms and busts in order to maximize long-term growth and prosperity. Building on existing research and contributing to the current debate, the book offers a valuable reference guide and food for thought for policymakers, professionals and students alike.

This book provides a new methodological approach to money and macroeconomics. Realizing that the abstract equilibrium models lacked descriptions of fundamental issues of a modern monetary economy, the focus of this book lies on the (stylized) balance sheets of the main actors. Money, after all, is born on the balance sheets of the central bank or commercial bank. While households and firms hold accounts at banks with deposits, banks hold an account at the central bank where deposits are called reserves. The book aims to explain how the two monetary circuits - central bank deposits and bank deposits - are intertwined. It is also shown how government spending injects money into the economy. Modern Monetary Theory and European Macroeconomics covers both the general case and then the Eurozone specifically. A very simple macroeconomic model follows which explains the major accounting identities of macroeconomics. Using this new methodology, the Eurozone crisis is examined from a fresh perspective. It turns out that not government debt but the stagnation of private sector debt was the major economic problem and that cuts in government spending worsened the economic situation. The concluding chapters discuss what a solution to the current problems of the Eurozone must look like, with scenarios that examine a future with and without a euro. This book provides a detailed balance sheet view of monetary and fiscal operations, with a focus on the Eurozone economy. Students, policy-makers and financial market actors will learn to assess the institutional processes that underpin a modern monetary economy, in times of boom and in times of bust.

Industry officials and government policymakers have for some time decried the lack of a framework for establishing and defending Research and Development (R&D) policies. Effective policy requires an understanding of the underlying economics. This book offers models and analysis of the economic elements that drive technology-based growth with emphasis on their implications for policy analysis. It also compares existing U.S. policies with those used in Europe and Japan. The results of these models and analysis is a framework for matching various forms of underinvestment with efficient strategic and policy responses. This market-failure based approach enables industry and government R&D initiatives to be developed, analyzed, and implemented with greater success than previously attained.

The first part of the book analyzes economic trends to show how they are affected by technological change and the evolving nature of foreign competition. R&D spending patterns are studied to identify and characterize market failures that prevent adequate private-sector investments in technology. A model is presented for a typical technology-based industry. The second part looks at specific technologies and policies that impact R&D investment and that have been the subject of intense policy debate.

The issue of government or state involvement in the process of economic development and reform has become very popular in the economic development literature. This timely volume examines China's post-Mao economic reforms, and the Chinese government's involvement in the process of managing those reforms. Focusing on management issues, the book considers the state led reforms from a comprehensive and interdisciplinary perspective. The work consists of two parts--the experience of China's post-Mao reforms and major issues associated with the reforms. The first part covers the background, stages and measures, and achievements and problems of economic reforms. The second part addresses major changes in China's regional development, administrative system, and state-society relations. A final chapter considers the lessons of China's economic reforms.