Gain a thorough understanding of today's corporate tax concepts and most current tax law with SOUTH-WESTERN FEDERAL TAXATION 2021: CORPORATIONS, PARTNERSHIPS, ESTATES & TRUSTS, 44E and accompanying professional tax software. This reader-friendly presentation emphasizes the latest tax law and changes impacting corporations, partnerships, estates and trusts. You examine the most current tax law at the time of publication. Complete coverage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 offers guidance from the Treasury Department. Clear examples, summaries and tax scenarios further clarify concepts and help you sharpen critical-thinking, writing and research skills. Each new book includes access to Intuit (R) ProConnect tax software, Checkpoint (R) (Student Edition) from Thomson Reuters, CengageNOWv2 online homework solution and MindTap Reader. Learn how taxes impact the corporate world today as you prepare for the C.P.A. exam or Enrolled Agent exam or begin study for a career in tax accounting, financial reporting or auditing.

This important new book brings together a significant body of new essays on some of the central economic problems facing governments, firms and individuals in the 1990s. Under the direction of Paul Davidson and Jan Kregel, an international group of distinguished economists provide new perspectives on key issues including employment, corporate and work place restructuring, economic growth and development, financial integration and transformation of the former command economies. Combining rigorous scholarly assessments of the issues with policy prescription, the contributors seek to provide solutions to the problem of providing full employment, to identify the factors determining the expansion of the economy, and to analyse the impact of financial markets, financial derivatives and international regulations on domestic and global economic performance. Employment, Growth and Finance will be welcomed by all those interested in the solutions to international economic problems being developed by post Keynesian economists.

This comprehensive guide covers absolutely everything to do with taxation in Britain. This edition has been fully updated to take account of the budget and the major changes introduced by the government, and has many helpful examples and tables. It is designed both for private individuals needing advice on self-assessment and tax saving, and for professionals needing to check the latest rules.

The eight articles in the volume include three articles on tax compliance and related topics. Specifically, Chambers and Curatola examine whether greater tax payment frequency improves compliance and decreases delinquencies. Gemmell and Hasseldine discuss and analyze the state of the tax gap literature. MacGregor and Wilkinson investigate the effect of economic patriotism on taxpayer compliance attitudes. Volume 20 also includes two articles on federal tax issues. Addy and Yoder investigate factors associated with private foundations that narrowly fail a test that would reduce the tax the foundation pays on investment income. Liedtka and Nayar examine the motivation for early exercise of certain stock options. Two articles in this volume examine state tax issues. Jalbert and Fleischman analyze interactions between federal section 179 deduction decisions and Hawaiian tax credit elections. Key investigates the effect of one county's property tax policy decisions on those of adjoining counties. Last but not least, one paper deals with practitioner information search. Cloyd, Spilker and Wood investigate how supervisors can affect the information search behavior of their subordinate practitioners.

This three-volume collection - prepared by a leading scholar and practitioner - presents the subject through a collection of important published articles on the debt market. It focuses first on the classical bond market and moves on to a discussion of rational expectations, estimation and the term structure. This is followed by the modern theory of the term structure derived from modelling the stochastic movements of interest rates. The third section discusses implementation and related subtopics including taxation and the management of interest rate risk. The final section extends the discussion to corporate bonds and mortgages.

At least six different Universal Basic Income (UBI) experiments are underway or planned right now in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Finland, and Kenya. Several more countries are considering conducting experiments. Yet, there seems to be more interest simply in having UBI experiments than in exactly what we want to learn from them. Although experiments can produce a lot of relevant data about UBI, they are crucially limited in their ability to enlighten our understanding of the big questions that bear on the discussion of whether to implement UBI as a national or regional policy. And, past experience shows that results of UBI experiments are particularly vulnerable misunderstanding, sensationalism, and spin. This book examines the difficulties of conducting a UBI experiment and reporting the results in ways that successfully improve public understanding of the probable effects of a national UBI. The book makes recommendations how researchers, reporters, citizens, and policymakers can avoid these problems and get the most out of UBI experiments.

In Educating Public Interest Professionals and the Student Loan Debt Crisis, Robert Leslie Fisher examines the student loan debt crisis and its effects on America's citizens and economies. Exploring the shortage of professionals in fields such as education, medicine, and law, Fisher analyzes the causes and effects of the student loan debt crisis in America and argues for higher wages, student loan debt forgiveness, and an updated financial model to pay for training for public interest professionals. Supported by economic research and a sociological background, Fisher proposes a path forward that will ease the student loan debt crisis and revitalize the economy.

This book compares legally allowed dismissal conditions in employment contracts in Taiwan and Japan and then examines the possibility of introducing the Taiwan-style severance payment system into Japanese employment contracts. A significant difference exists between employment regulations of Japan and Taiwan. In Japan, dismissal of an employee on the grounds of ability is not easily upheld in a court of law, and a set rule for dismissals with severance payment does not exist. On the other hand, in Taiwan, where regulations do not allow dismissal at will, an employee can still be dismissed with severance payment, as long as due process is followed. Written by labor lawyers and labor economists from both Taiwan and Japan, this book describes the procedures that must be followed in the dismissal process in the two countries. It also shows that this difference in dismissal conditions between the two countries explains the low labor mobility in Japan and high labor mobility in Taiwan, and that this difference in labor mobility, in turn, caused the shift of IT production from Japan to Taiwan in the 1990s. The final chapter of the book elucidates the need for introducing the Taiwan-style severance payment before carrying out further deregulation in Japan.

For many decades consumer protection laws have focused on preventing "bad" choices. Though that approach has some value, this book explains we are much more often harmed, even killed, by the needless delay of new inventions that could save lives or vastly improve life quality. Thomas Tacker explains how we can revamp regulation to embrace inventions that save and improve lives while still holding companies accountable for actions that harm consumers. Case studies include price gouging, the FDA approval process, airport passenger screening, and occupational licensing, particularly as it relates to Uber. This book demonstrates that enacting appropriate liability laws and providing information to guide consumers, rather than strictly controlling their choices, will save thousands of lives annually, increase consumer freedom, and make life more enjoyable.

The research papers in Volume 30 of Tax Policy and the Economy make significant contributions to the academic literature in public finance and provide important conceptual and empirical input to policy design. In the first paper, Gerald Carlino and Robert Inman consider whether state-level fiscal policies create spillovers for neighboring states and how federal stimulus can internalize these externalities. The second paper, by Nathan Hendren, presents a new framework for evaluating the welfare consequences of tax policy changes and explains how the key parameters needed to implement this framework can be estimated. The third paper, a collaborative effort by several academic and US Treasury economists, documents the dramatic increase in pass-through businesses, including partnerships and S-corporations, over the last thirty years. It notes that these entities now generate more than half of all US business income. The fourth paper examines property tax compliance using a pseudo-randomized experiment in Philadelphia, in which those who owed taxes received supplemental letters regarding their tax delinquency. The research explores what types of communication lead to higher rates of tax payment. In the fifth paper, Jeffrey Clemens discusses cross-program budgetary spillovers of minimum wage regulations. Severin Borenstein and Lucas Davis, the authors of the sixth paper, study the distributional effects of income tax credits for clean energy.

Even as they became fabulously wealthy, the rich have seen their taxes collapse to levels last seen in the 1920s. Meanwhile, the working-class has been asked to pay more. The Triumph of Injustice is a forensic investigation into this dramatic transformation. In crystalline prose, Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman dissect the deliberate choices and the sins of indecision that have fuelled the trend: the gradual exemption of capital owners; the surge of a new tax-avoidance industry; and most critically, tax competition between nations. They argue it is not too late to change course. Instead of competition, we could choose co-operation, finding ways to create a tax regime that serves universal, democratic ends. The Triumph of Injustice offers a visionary and practical reinvention of taxes for that globalised world.

Minimize your taxes and maximize your refund with this expert guide to your small business tax return Taxes remain one of the biggest headaches and costs for small businesses around the United States. J.K. Lasser's Small Business Taxes 2021 delivers an approachable but expert guide in legally limiting your tax liabilities while maximizing your deductions and credits. You'll be in great hands as Barbara Weltman - attorney, expert, and author - shows you what tax relief is available to you and how to claim it. You'll discover how to: Make tax-savvy business decisions Take advantage of COVID-19-related tax breaks Pick the right forms to claim available deductions and credits Use legal and effective tax strategies to minimize your taxes payable Use sample forms and checklists to get organized Keep the right records in case the IRS comes calling Whether you're filing your small business' taxes or you work with a tax professional, J.K. Lasser's Small Business Taxes 2021 will walk you through the tax process for 2020 returns and tax planning for 2021 to optimize your tax savings and minimize your audit exposure.

This book examines tax transparency as part of multinational enterprises' corporate social responsibility (CSR). It considers revelations like the Panama and Paradise Papers that shed light on corporations' tax practices and the growing public dissatisfaction, resulting in legislative projects, such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) base erosion and profit shifting. Tax transparency is defined as companies' voluntary disclosure of numerical tax data (e.g. taxes paid by country) and other tax-related information (e.g. tax policies). It is set apart from tax avoidance and tax evasion to clarify the often-blurred concepts. In this book, tax transparency is placed in a historical context and possible drivers and hindering factors to tax transparency are investigated. Tax transparency is discussed in the light of socio-economic theories (stakeholder, legitimacy, institutional theory and reputation risk management), as well as economic theories (agency theory, signalling, proprietary costs) and information overload theory. The book provides examples of tax transparency development of the largest multinational enterprises in five countries (France, Germany, UK, Finland and USA) in six years, 2012-2017, a period featuring increased media coverage of tax matters and legislative movement in the OECD and the European Union. The future of tax transparency is discussed in light of quality characteristics, assurance of information and potential use of artificial intelligence. Companies' managers and tax and CSR specialists benefit from the book by gaining insight into how to design transparent, high-quality tax reporting. Assurance professionals can use information about the quality criteria of tax transparency. Regulators can track historical development and see examples of voluntary tax transparency in companies' reporting. Scholars and students obtain theoretical framework for analysing the tax transparency phenomenon and the ability to distinguish between the concepts of tax transparency, planning, avoidance and evasion.

This volume is a collection of empirical and theoretical research papers regarding economics, public finance and business written by researchers from several different universities. It also includes a wide range of topics concerning issues in economics, public finance and business. This book is aimed at educators, researchers and students interested in these fields.

This volume presents five new studies on taxation and government transfer programs. Alexander Blocker, Laurence Kotlikoff, Stephen Ross, and Sergio Villar Vallenas show how asset pricing can be used to value implicit fiscal debts, which are currently rarely measured or adjusted for risk, while accounting for risk properties. They apply their methodology to study Social Security. Michelle Hanson, Jeffrey Hoopes, and Joel Slemrod examine the effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on corporation behavior and on firms' statements about their behavior. They focus on for four outcomes: bonuses, investment, share repurchases, and dividends. Scott Baker, Lorenz Kueng, Leslie McGranahan, and Brian Melzer explore whether "unconventional" fiscal policy in the form of pre-announced consumption tax changes can shift durables purchases intertemporally, how it such shifts are affected by consumer credit. Alan Auerbach discusses "tax equivalences," disparate sets of policies that have the same economic effects, and also illustrates when these equivalences break down. Jeffrey Liebman and Daniel Ramsey use data from NBER's TAXSIM model to investigate the equity implications of a switch from joint to independent taxation that could occur in conjunction with adoption of return-free tax filing.

This book comprehensively addresses the economic and social implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. In each chapter of the book, the effects of the pandemic on different economic and financial sectors are discussed. The book tackles many topics and issues that are of relevance in the post-pandemic world. Some of these issues are the effects of the pandemic on countries' budgets, tax systems, financial and economic policies, and management, in addition, the evaluation of the pandemic in terms of migration and refugees, the historic comparison of its effects with other pandemics, the social media reflections of the pandemic and the global governance discussions. The book also considers the effects of pandemic on the use of digital currencies and the effects of digitalization of employment and robot employment.

Housing is an important commodity in the national accounts of all countries and has generated a high quality specialised literature. The papers in this scholarly collection span a thirty-five year period from 1960 when the field of housing economics was just beginning to attract attention. Topics covered include housing and urban spatial structures, housing supply, the analysis of housing demand and empirical and theoretical studies of housing quality and prices. One of the features which complicates economic analysis of housing is the severe regulation of the housing and land markets; the implications of such controls, including rent control, local taxes and housing subsidies are investigated, as are the effects of property taxes and the provision of public services on housing choice. The articles in the final section cover recent research on the linkage between housing markets and financial markets, a subject which is currently of intense interest to economists in this field.

Edwin R.A. Seligman was a leading specialist in public finance, as well as the history of economic thought. This volume publishes a set of student notes taken in his famous course in public finance at Columbia University. The lectures cover the history of public revenues, types of public revenues in general and of taxation in particular, public expenditures, public debt, and budget making.

In Outlaw Paradise, the author argues that countries become tax havens as a conscious economic development strategy. These countries do not have the natural resources or the population to pursue more traditional economic development strategies, but they do have the ability to write and implement laws that create a virtual resource: banking secrecy. These countries are able to carry out this strategy because they tend to be well-governed, stable, and relatively wealthy, making them attractive partners for the international banking, legal, and accounting firms that drive offshore finance. The qualities tax havens possess also enable them to calculate that the benefits they reap from pursuing this strategy outweigh any penalties assessed by anti-tax haven international collective action activities, such as the naming and shaming campaigns of 2000 and 2009. The author argues that, while the tax havens seem to be complying with the campaigns from a juridical standpoint, actual financial behavior is unaffected. The author further argues that this outcome is predetermined given the nature of international regimes and the history of the concept of sovereignty, as well as tax haven relationships to both. Finally, Outlaw Paradise offers policy prescriptions and surveys recent developments resulting from the Panama Papers.

This comprehensive Handbook provides an insight into the main concepts and academic debates on taxation from a political science perspective. Providing a background to current debates on green taxation, taxation and inequality, taxation and gender, tax evasion and avoidance, and tax compliance, it offers potential avenues for future research. The Handbook explores the historical evolution of modern tax systems, contemporary tax politics from a comparative perspective, global tax politics from an international relations perspective, and the formation of tax policy preferences of taxpayers, voters, business associations and parties. Expert contributors analyse the foundations of the field of research and focus on key debates, including the links between colonization and taxation, international cooperation against tax evasion and avoidance, and the taxation of financial transactions. The Handbook on the Politics of Taxation will be a vital resource for academics and students of public finance and public policy. Its exploration of tax compliance and voter preferences will also be beneficial for practitioners and policymakers in these fields.

The Foundations of Public Finance presents the most important articles and papers tracing the development of public finance from the earliest tolls and customs duties levied on goods and land to more complex tax systems up to 1950.A signal contribution of this collection is that it allows the founding fathers to describe the development of different schools or doctrines in their own words. It is a fascinating story showing how economic analysis develops partly as a response to the need to gain a deeper insight into practical questions such as 'how progressive should a tax systems be?'. The volume is a companion to and complements Modern Public Finance edited by A.B. Atkinson (also in The International Library of Critical Writings in Economics series) which covers the recent developments in public finance from 1950.

It is increasingly argued that bargaining between citizens and governments over tax collection can provide a foundation for the development of responsive and accountable governance in developing countries. However, while intuitively attractive, surprisingly little research has captured the reality and complexity of this relationship in practice. This book provides the most complete treatment of the connections between taxation and accountability in developing countries, providing both new evidence and an invaluable starting point for future research. Drawing on cross-country econometric evidence and detailed case studies from Ghana, Kenya and Ethiopia, Wilson Prichard shows that reliance on taxation has, in fact, increased responsiveness and accountability by expanding the political power wielded by taxpayers. Critically, however, processes of tax bargaining have been highly varied, frequently long term and contextually contingent. Capturing this diversity provides novel insight into politics in developing countries and how tax reform can be designed to encourage broader governance gains.

This volume presents an authoritative collection of the most significant papers on fiscal federalism and local finance. In addition to some classic papers, it offers clear and insightful presentations of conventional wisdom in the field as well as recent papers which illuminate important issues and point the way to ongoing research. Topics covered include federal tax structure and the division of fiscal functions among levels of government, the effect of local taxes on economic growth, the systems of governmental grants, income redistribution, the theory and practice of local finance and fiscal decentralization in developing countries and transitional economies.