This book provides the most up-to-date information available on various biotechnological processes useful in the pulp and paper industry. Each of the twenty chapters covers a specific biotechnological process or technique, discussing the advantages, limitations, and future prospects of the most important and popular processes used in the industry. Topics covered include tree improvement, pulping, bleaching, deinking, fiber modification, biosolids management, and biorefining.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Digital Watermarking Secure Data Management, IWDW 2006, held in Jeju Island, Korea in November 2006. The 34 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited lectures cover both theoretical and practical issues in digital watermarking.

This handbook focuses on physical paper testing in the laboratory and online. Divided into five parts, it highlights assays for paper interactions with light, moisture, electricity, and heat. Topics expanded upon include laboratory testing procedures; microscopy analysis and paper surface properties; liquid and gas penetration; electrical and thermal interactions; and methods of surface characterization.

This is a comprehensive survey of the technologies for making a wide range of products from chess-men to arm chairs, from trays to solar cookers, using paper. It is a revised and updated edition of the Manual of APT published by IRED, Harare, 1989 and 1991 which has reached 60 or more countries.;The revised edition includes: additional models and extra pages of colour photographs and special supplements on APT in the Service of disabled people which contain models of furniture and equipment dealing especially with the needs of disabled children, and in particular to help develop their ability to sit, stand, walk and their general mobility (for example rocking and moving around on wheeled equipment).

Bibliophiles in Europe at the end of the nineteenth century began to take a serious interest in the manuscripts of the Middle East and the paper on which they were written. Perhaps the most important of these men were C.-M. Briquet working in Geneva, and J. Wiesner and J. von Karabacek working in Vienna. All three were concerned with the burning topic of the moment: Was oriental paper made of cotton? Within the space of two years these three writers published seminal articles for the European study of Arab paper. Das Arabische Papier is one of those articles. The late Don Baker's inspiration to set about the translation and interpretation of this work was 'simply the desire to know the contents of this much quoted article'. Students, historians, curators, collectors, conservators and all those interested in the historical development and spread of papermaking will realise why Don Baker wished to make this important text available to English readers. This Archetype edition is a revised edition of the volume, which Don Baker produced in 1991.

This four volume set covers the entire spectrum of pulp and paper chemistry and technology from starting material to processes and products including market demands. This work is essential for all students of wood science and a useful reference for those working in the pulp and paper industry or on the chemistry of renewable resources. Volume 3 provides an overview of paper production and the ways in which the chemistry of starting materials and processes influence its quality and properties. The work treats fundamental properties of the fibre wall and the consolidation of fibres during pressing and drying, surface chemistry of fibres and their influence on the interaction between fibres/paper and other materials, mechanisms behind the adsorption of polyelectrolytes to fibres and fillers, acid and alkaline sizing of paper, basic fluid mechanical behavior of fibre suspensions, web forming, web pressing and web drying in a modern paper machine, calandering and coating of paper.

Orietta Da Rold provides a detailed analysis of the coming of paper to medieval England, and its influence on the literary and non-literary culture of the period. Looking beyond book production, Da Rold maps out the uses of paper and explains the success of this technology in medieval culture, considering how people interacted with it and how it affected their lives. Offering a nuanced understanding of how affordance influenced societal choices, Paper in Medieval England draws on a multilingual array of sources to investigate how paper circulated, was written upon, and was deployed by people across medieval society, from kings to merchants, to bishops, to clerks and to poets, contributing to an understanding of how medieval paper changed communication and shaped modernity.

Contains basic principles and the latest techniques in paper and paperboard testing. Fosters an understanding of theory and mechanical testing parameters to evaluate results and make improvements. Emphasizes new procedures utilizing advanced microscopy equipment.

This richly-illustrated book presents the information necessary for fiber analysis in the field of pulp and paper. A discussion of raw-material structure and the features used for species identification in pulp is followed up by the description of 117 fiber species. Of these, 83 are wood fibers and 34 are of nonwood origin. The tree species range across all five continents, 29 from Eurasia, 38 from North America and 16 from the southern hemisphere and the tropics. Informative micrographs, identification tables, and distribution maps aid species differentiation, making this atlas ideal for everyone interested in fiber identification.

Solving the pulp and paper industries' environmental problems is essential to maintaining the forest industry and accommodating the changing economic needs of forest communities. This book explores the construction of new mills--operating on new technology that does not produce pollutants--which are vital to the pulp and paper industry.

Orietta Da Rold provides a detailed analysis of the coming of paper to medieval England, and its influence on the literary and non-literary culture of the period. Looking beyond book production, Da Rold maps out the uses of paper and explains the success of this technology in medieval culture, considering how people interacted with it and how it affected their lives. Offering a nuanced understanding of how affordance influenced societal choices, Paper in Medieval England draws on a multilingual array of sources to investigate how paper circulated, was written upon, and was deployed by people across medieval society, from kings to merchants, to bishops, to clerks and to poets, contributing to an understanding of how medieval paper changed communication and shaped modernity.

Parchment in the form of manuscripts, scrolls, charters, book covers and substrata for artworks, makes a major contribution to the most valuable objects of European cultural heritage. Large collections exist in varying degrees of preservation in public and private libraries, archives, museums and in diverse religious foundations. The degradation of parchment involves the decay of the intact fibre structure through different stages of alteration to a terminal stage when the fibre structure is close to complete disintegration. In contact with water or storage in moist conditions, the fibres then transform into a gelatinous substance. Objects made of parchment are of a very complex chemical and physical nature and sampling from these precious objects is normally highly restricted. Analysis therefore needs to be based on very accurate microanalytical or non-destructive methods which are able to produce valid results. Microanalysis of Parchment presents sampling techniques and non-destructive, microanalytical and semi-microanalytical methods for the analysis and testing of historic parchment based on visual, microscopical as well as chemical and physical techniques.The contributions in this volume represent the main achievements of the European joint project on parchment Methods in the Microanalysis of Parchment sponsored by the European Commission.

The traditional pulp and paper producers are facing new competitors in tropical and subtropical regions who use the latest and largest installed technologies, and also have wood and labor cost advantages. Due to the increasing global competition, the forest products prices will continue to decrease. To remain viable, the traditional producers need to increase revenue by producing bioenergy and biomaterials in addition to wood, pulp, and paper products. In this so-called Integrated Products Biorefinery, all product lines are highly integrated and energy efficient. Integrated Products Biorefineries present the forest products industry with a unique opportunity to increase revenues and improve environmental sustainability. Integrated Products Biorefinery technologies will allow industry to manufacture high-value chemicals, fuels, and/or electric power while continuing to produce traditional wood, pulp, and paper products. The industry already controls much of the raw material and infrastructure necessary to create Integrated Products Biorefineries, and Agenda 2020 partnerships are speeding development of the key enabling technologies. Once fully developed and commercialized, these technologies will produce enormous energy and environmental benefits for the industry and the nation. "Biorefinery in the Pulp and Paper Industry" presents the biorefining concept, the opportunities for the pulp and paper industry, and describes and discusses emerging biorefinery process options. This book also highlights the environmental impact and the complex and ambiguous decision-making challenges that mills will face when considering implementing the biorefinery.

- Provides up-to-date and authoritative information, citing pertinent research, on this timely and important topic

- Covers in great depth the biorefining concept, opportunities for the pulp and paper industry, and emerging biorefinery process options

- Highlights the environmental impact and the complex and ambiguous decision-making challenges that mills will face when considering implementing the biorefinery

The U.S. pulp and paper industry consumes over $7 billion worth of purchased fuels and electricity per year. Energy efficiency improvement is an important way to reduce these costs and to increase predictable earnings, especially in times of high energy price volatility. There are a variety of opportunities available at individual plants in the U.S. pulp and paper industry to reduce energy consumption in a cost-effective manner. This book discusses energy efficiency practices and energy-efficient technologies that can be implemented at the component, process, facility and organisational levels. An overview of the trends, structure and energy consumption characteristics of the U.S. pulp and paper industry, along with descriptions of the major process technologies used within the industry are discussed.

Lignin is the main natural resource of aromatic structures on Earth. With the depletion of fossil oil and increased environmental concerns, renewable resources for energy and chemical production have attracted tremendous attention from scientists and engineers. As a renewable aromatic polymer, lignin has been, for a long time, studied in terms of its biosynthesis, structures, reactivities and applications although few portions of lignins available from the industry, mainly pulping mills, have been utilised for various applications. The key for complete and efficient utilisation of lignins is that all aspects, including lignin biosynthesis, structures, functionalities, and properties, about lignins should be understood. Another important attribute related to lignin utilisation comes from analytical methods essential for our understanding of lignins and mechanisms involved in various processes. This book provides critical reviews and the latest research results relating to selected fields of lignin biosynthesis, functional characterisation and applications.