Full multiplanar coverage of the spine, extremities, and joints! Renowned for its superb illustrations and highly practical information, the third volume of this classic reference reflects the very latest in state-of-the-art imaging technology. Together with Volumes 1 and 2, this compact and portable book provides a highly specialized navigational tool for clinicians seeking to master the ability to recognize anatomical structures and accurately interpret CT and MR images. Highlights of Volume 3: New CT and MR images of the highest quality Didactic organization using two-page units, with radiographs on one page and full-color illustrations on the next Concise, easy-to-read labeling on all figures Color-coded, schematic diagrams that indicate the level of each section Sectional enlargements for detailed classification of the anatomical structure Comprehensive, compact, and portable, this popular book is ideal for use in both the classroom and clinical setting.

Recent years have seen a marked increase in cardiovascular computed tomography (CT) imaging, with the technique now integrated into many imaging guidelines, such as those published by ESC and NICE. Rapid clinical and technological progress has created a need for guidance on the practical aspects of CT image acquisition, analysis and interpretation. The Oxford Specialist Handbook of Cardiovascular CT, now revised for the second edition by practising international experts with many years of hands-on experience, is designed to fulfil this need. The Handbook is a practical guide on performing, analysing and interpreting cardiovascular CT scans, covering all aspects from patient safety to optimal image acquisition to differential diagnoses of tricky images. It takes an international approach to both accreditation and certification, highlighting British, European, and American examinations and courses. The format is designed to be accessible and is laid out in easy to navigate sections. It is meant as a quick-reference guide, to live near the CT scanner, workstation, or on the office shelf. The Handbook is aimed at all cardiovascular CT users (Cardiologists, Radiologists and Radiographers), particularly those new to cardiovascular CT, although even the advanced user should find useful tips and tricks within.

The thoroughly revised, updated Fourth Edition of this classic reference provides authoritative, current guidelines on chest imaging using state-of-the-art technologies, including multidetector CT, MRI, PET, and integrated CT-PET scanning. This edition features a brand-new chapter on cardiac imaging. Extensive descriptions of the use of PET have been added to the chapters on lung cancer, focal lung disease, and the pleura, chest wall, and diaphragm. Also included are recent PIOPED II findings on the role of CT angiography and CT venography in detecting pulmonary embolism. Complementing the text are 2,300 CT, MR, and PET scans made on the latest-generation scanners.

An essential guide to designing, conducting, and analyzing event-related potential (ERP) experiments, completely updated for this edition. The event-related potential (ERP) technique, in which neural responses to specific events are extracted from the EEG, provides a powerful noninvasive tool for exploring the human brain. This volume describes practical methods for ERP research along with the underlying theoretical rationale. It offers researchers and students an essential guide to designing, conducting, and analyzing ERP experiments. This second edition has been completely updated, with additional material, new chapters, and more accessible explanations. Freely available supplementary material, including several online-only chapters, offer expanded or advanced treatment of selected topics. The first half of the book presents essential background information, describing the origins of ERPs, the nature of ERP components, and the design of ERP experiments. The second half of the book offers a detailed treatment of the main steps involved in conducting ERP experiments, covering such topics as recording the EEG, filtering the EEG and ERP waveforms, and quantifying amplitudes and latencies. Throughout, the emphasis is on rigorous experimental design and relatively simple analyses. New material in the second edition includes entire chapters devoted to components, artifacts, measuring amplitudes and latencies, and statistical analysis; updated coverage of recording technologies; concrete examples of experimental design; and many more figures. Online chapters cover such topics as overlap, localization, writing and reviewing ERP papers, and setting up and running an ERP lab.

Medical imaging of cardiovascular disease has improved rapidly with faster multislice CT angiography. The ability to visualise 3D reconstructed vascular structures has given clinicians a much better appreciation of the anatomy and the disease process. This book provides an overview of the diagnostic applications of CT virtual intravascular endoscopy (VIE) in cardiovascular disease. It is intended to fill the gap by providing a systematic overview of the diagnostic applications of VIE in cardiovascular disease. This book serves as a comprehensive piece of literature that encompasses all aspects from the technical principles of VIE image generation to diagnostic value and potential pitfalls of VIE in cardiovascular imaging. The primary motion to write this book is to provide an overview of the CT VIE in cardiovascular disease with a focus on the clinical applications and diagnostic value of this unique visualisation tool. It is expected that readers, especially clinicians will gain a good understanding of the diagnostic value of CT VIE in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, so that their medical practice is enhanced with use of this exciting complementary visualisation tool.

Plant remains can preserve a critical part of history of life on Earth. While telling the fascinating evolutionary story of plants and vegetation across the last 500 million years, this book also crucially offers non-specialists a practical guide to studying, dealing with and interpreting plant fossils. It shows how various techniques can be used to reveal the secrets of plant fossils and how to identify common types, such as compressions and impressions. Incorporating the concepts of evolutionary floras, this second edition includes revised data on all main plant groups, the latest approaches to naming plant fossils using fossil-taxa and techniques such as tomography. With extensive illustrations of plant fossils and living plants, the book encourages readers to think of fossils as once-living organisms. It is written for students on introductory or intermediate courses in palaeobotany, palaeontology, plant evolutionary biology and plant science, and for amateurs interested in studying plant fossils.

Plant remains can preserve a critical part of history of life on Earth. While telling the fascinating evolutionary story of plants and vegetation across the last 500 million years, this book also crucially offers non-specialists a practical guide to studying, dealing with and interpreting plant fossils. It shows how various techniques can be used to reveal the secrets of plant fossils and how to identify common types, such as compressions and impressions. Incorporating the concepts of evolutionary floras, this second edition includes revised data on all main plant groups, the latest approaches to naming plant fossils using fossil-taxa and techniques such as tomography. With extensive illustrations of plant fossils and living plants, the book encourages readers to think of fossils as once-living organisms. It is written for students on introductory or intermediate courses in palaeobotany, palaeontology, plant evolutionary biology and plant science, and for amateurs interested in studying plant fossils.

This book provides new research on computed tomography. Chapter One presents strategies for computer-aided designing of surgical guides for dental implant procedures based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Chapter Two gives an in depth analysis of using CBCT in anatomic variations of the mandibular canal and the mental foramen. Chapter Three discusses the use of CBCT for an accurate analysis of the nasopalatine canal. Chapter Four reviews the use of CBCT to assess morphometric characteristics of the greater palatine canal. Chapter Five reviews and discusses the application of state-of-art content based image retrieval schemes in pathological risk analysis of lung computed tomography images.

Computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) are useful tools for the accurate assessment of medical, dental and orthodontic patients. Traditionally, the diagnosis and treatment planning of these patients have used two-dimensional radiographs. The clinical value of CT and CBCT lies in their ability to provide comprehensive information about anatomical relationships for improved diagnosis, treatment planning and a prediction of treatment outcomes. This book includes new research from authors across the globe, with a focus on aiding researchers and practising professionals on the use of CT and CBCT.

Recent developments in the ultra-short laser technology and physics, especially at the attosecond time scale, open up new research frontiers for attoscience. This book examines the theoretical model for attophysics. The interaction of the attosecond laser pulses with slices of matter-attosecond tomography enables the description of the motion of electrons in atoms, molecules and 1D medium-graphene. The standard theory of the laser pulse-matter interaction is based on the parabolic Schrodinger equation, which leads to unphysical, infinite velocity of the thermal energy propagation. In this book, the Schrodinger equation is generalised to hyperbolic partial differential equation with finite velocity.

Electron microscope tomography (EMT) has emerged as the leading technique for three-dimensional (3D) structural analysis of unique complex biological specimens. This book reviews the different computational stages involved in EMT, from image acquisition to interpretation of the 3D reconstruction. The high performance computing (HPC) techniques normally used to cope with the computational demands are also described. Moreover, combining the holographic methods with the methods for digital image processing has made it possible to develop the digital holographic interference microscope (DHIM) for real-time 3D imaging of phase microscopic objects and measurement of their morphological parameters. In this book, the classical and holographic methods of phase microobject visualisation are considered. In addition, 3D imaging has become commonplace in the medical field, with its routine use in the better established institutions for pre-natal observations, diagnosis of ailments, work-up prior to surgery, recovery monitoring and many other medical procedures. This book discusses the research methodology required in the reconstruction of 3D volume and employing computer-aided diagnosis to identify various diseases. Details of the different stages of processing, along with the promising results achieved are presented. Also discussed are some considerations for future trends of 3D imaging in the medical field. Other chapters cover detailed derivations of reconstruction algorithms in 2D and modern 3D cone-beam CT (CBCT), evaluate geometric parameters of bone in 3D using CT scans or a new low-radiating device (EOS), and CT based 3D- display providing accurate preoperative visualisation and computerised risk analyses for safety margins of pancreatic- and biliary- tract tumours, as well as for the assessment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA).

Groups biological applications by topic-from developmental biology to major organ systems Presents a comprehensive review of the most recent applications of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in biology, medicine, engineering, and applied physics. Summarizes technological advances that led to the availability of viable imaging tools and modern methods of OCT for optical biopsy, surgical guidance, and quality control of advanced composites in situ. The Handbook of Optical Coherence Tomography discusses nonbiological methods of OCT such as monitoring advanced composites and optical data storage new imaging concepts for dermatological, pharmacological, cosmetological, and dental applications Contemporary diagnostic procedures for posterior segments of the eye to prevent macular and optic nerve diseases, glaucoma, and retinal detachment With contributions from over 60 international authorities, the Handbook of Optical Coherence Tomography is an essential source for optical, biomedical, and materials engineers; applied physicists; biochemists and biologists; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides tissue morphology imagery at much higher resolution than other imaging modalities such as MRI or ultrasound, and the machines are comparatively cheaper. It is an easy technique to perform; is non-ionizing, and therefore safe. These benefits are driving a rapid transformation of OCT, from its principal application as a research tool, into an extension of the 'neurological examination' in routine office practice. Originally used in assessing the severity of tissue damage and prognosis of multiple sclerosis and various neuro-ophthalmic conditions, OCT is increasingly used in other neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, ALS, and Alzheimer's disease. This book is the first comprehensive review of the use of OCT in neurological diseases. The coverage includes a description of the technique and its utilization in a variety of neurologic conditions. Essential reading for neurologists, neuro-ophthalmologists, and neuroradiologists wanting an introductory account of the clinical applications of OCT.

Provides a comprehensive, tutorial-style introduction to the algorithms for reconstructing cross-sectional images from projection data and contains a complete overview of the engineering and signal processing algorithms necessary for tomographic imaging. In addition to the purely mathematical and algorithmic aspects of these algorithms, the book also discusses the artifacts caused by the nature of the various forms of energy sources that can be used for generating the projection data. Kak and Slaney go beyond theory, emphasizing real-world applications and detailing the steps necessary for building a tomographic system. Since the fundamental aspects of tomographic reconstruction algorithms have remained virtually the same since this book was originally published, it is just as useful today as it was in 1987. It explains, among other things, what happens when there is excessive noise in the projection data; when images are formed from insufficient projection data; and when refracting or diffracting energy sources are used for imaging. Anyone interested in these explanations will find a wealth of useful information in this book.

A comprehensive guide to the conceptual, mathematical, and implementational aspects of analyzing electrical brain signals, including data from MEG, EEG, and LFP recordings. This book offers a comprehensive guide to the theory and practice of analyzing electrical brain signals. It explains the conceptual, mathematical, and implementational (via Matlab programming) aspects of time-, time-frequency- and synchronization-based analyses of magnetoencephalography (MEG), electroencephalography (EEG), and local field potential (LFP) recordings from humans and nonhuman animals. It is the only book on the topic that covers both the theoretical background and the implementation in language that can be understood by readers without extensive formal training in mathematics, including cognitive scientists, neuroscientists, and psychologists. Readers who go through the book chapter by chapter and implement the examples in Matlab will develop an understanding of why and how analyses are performed, how to interpret results, what the methodological issues are, and how to perform single-subject-level and group-level analyses. Researchers who are familiar with using automated programs to perform advanced analyses will learn what happens when they click the "analyze now" button. The book provides sample data and downloadable Matlab code. Each of the 38 chapters covers one analysis topic, and these topics progress from simple to advanced. Most chapters conclude with exercises that further develop the material covered in the chapter. Many of the methods presented (including convolution, the Fourier transform, and Euler's formula) are fundamental and form the groundwork for other advanced data analysis methods. Readers who master the methods in the book will be well prepared to learn other approaches.